|
Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly
The Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly () was a state-controlled religious administration in the Russian Empire that had jurisdiction over certain aspects of Islamic activity in Siberia, the Volga-Ural region, and parts of Central Asia, including the Kazakh steppe. It was established in 1788 by order of Russian Empress Catherine II. It was one of several religious bodies created in the Russian Empire, forming state-allied 'clergies' to manage non-Orthodox religions. History In 1791, the similar Tauride Muslim Spiritual Authority was created, presiding over Crimean Tatars. In the 1830s, the Department of Religious Affairs gave support to the Orenburg Assembly in religious disputes with the Hanafi and Sufi schools of thought The Kazakhs were removed from the assembly's jurisdiction in the 1860s as part of a policy to decrease the exposure of the Kazakhs to Tartar influence. According to statistics from 1883, the Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly presided over 4,093 mosques, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nonprofit Organization
A nonprofit organization (NPO), also known as a nonbusiness entity, nonprofit institution, not-for-profit organization, or simply a nonprofit, is a non-governmental (private) legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public, or social benefit, as opposed to an entity that operates as a business aiming to generate a Profit (accounting), profit for its owners. A nonprofit organization is subject to the non-distribution constraint: any revenues that exceed expenses must be committed to the organization's purpose, not taken by private parties. Depending on the local laws, charities are regularly organized as non-profits. A host of organizations may be non-profit, including some political organizations, schools, hospitals, business associations, churches, foundations, social clubs, and consumer cooperatives. Nonprofit entities may seek approval from governments to be Tax exemption, tax-exempt, and some may also qualify to receive tax-deductible contributions, but an enti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Alexander Bezborodko
Prince Alexander Andreyevich Bezborodko (; 6 April 1799) was the chancellor of the Russian Empire from 1797 to 1799, and the chief architect of Catherine the Great's foreign policy after the death of Nikita Panin. Early life Аleksander Bezborodko was born in Glukhov, Cossack Hetmanate, Russian Empire (now Hlukhiv, Ukraine) on into a family of Zaporozhian Cossack noble descent. His father, Andrey Bezborodko, was a general scribe (chancellor), while his mother, Eudokia, was a daughter of the general judge Mikhail Zabila. He was educated at home and at Kiev-Mohyla Academy. Upon finishing his education, he entered the public service as a clerk in the office of Peter Rumyantsev, then the governor-general of Little Russia, whom he accompanied to the Turkish War in 1768. He was present at the engagements of Larga and Kagul, and at the storming of Silistria. On the conclusion of the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca in 1774, the field marshal recommended him to Catherine II, and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
List Of Islamic Muftiates
This is a growing List of Islamic muftis and territorial muftiates. The mufti is the official head of the muftiate. The Grand Mufti is the official head of a board of regional muftis. Countries Albanian muftiates Algerian muftiates Office of the Grand Mufti of Australia Belarusian muftiates Bosnian muftiates The muftiates of Croatia, Sandžak, and Slovenia are under authority of the Grand Muftiate of Bosnia and Herzegovina Mešihat of Croatia The Mešihat of Croatia is under the authority of the Grand Muftiate of Bosnia and Herzegovina Mešihat of Sandžak The Mešihat of Sandžak is under the authority of the Grand Muftiate of Bosnia and Herzegovina Mešihat of Slovenia The Mešihat of Slovenia is under the authority of the Grand Muftiate of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgarian muftiates Muftiates in the Caucasus states The South Caucasus states (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia (country), Georgia) are under authority of the Grand Muftiate of the Caucasus (Bak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Muftiate
A muftiate is an administrative territorial entity, mainly in the post-Soviet and Southeast European states, under the supervision of a mufti. In the post-Yugoslavia states, spiritual administrations similar to the muftiate are called '' riyasat''. A grand muftiate is more significant than a muftiate, and is presided over by a grand mufti. A grand muftiate or muftiate is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the directorate, and oversees the local boards, clerics, mosques, and trusteeships. The structure of Russian- and south-eastern European muftiates were never prescribed by Islamic doctrine, but instead are based on the principle of an all-encompassing legal and administrative order in parallel fashion to Christian dioceses with the purpose of regulating the Islamic religion. History In 1788 the Russian Empire under Empress Catherine II established the first muftiate in Russia named “The Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly” governed by a supreme mufti who oversaw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Spiritual Administration Of The Muslims Of Central Asia And Kazakhstan
The Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of Central Asia and Kazakhstan (SADUM) (; ) was the official governing body for Islamic activities in the five Central Asian republics of the Soviet Union. Under strict state control, SADUM was charged with training clergy and publishing spiritual materials, among other tasks. The organization was headquartered in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Established in 1943, SADUM existed for nearly 50 years. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the five newly independent republics reformed their respective branches of SADUM into their own national Islamic institutions. History Background The first spiritual assembly in the Russian Empire was established in 1788 in Orenberg. Like SADUM, the Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly was governed by a supreme mufti, and oversaw the appointment of imams and management of mosques throughout the empire. Russian administrators had been involved in the religious hierarchy of Central Asia since the initial conques ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Islam In Central Asia
Islam in Central Asia has existed since the beginning of Islamic history. Non-denominational and Sunni branch of Islam is the most widely practiced religion in Central Asia. Shiism of Imami and Ismaili denominations predominating in the Pamir plateau and the western Tian Shan mountains (almost exclusively Ismailis), while boasting to a large minority population in the Zarafshan river valley, from Samarkand to Bukhara (almost exclusively Imamis). Islam came to Central Asia in the early part of the 8th century as part of the Muslim conquest of the region. Many well-known Islamic scientists and philosophers came from Central Asia, and several major Muslim empires, including the Timurid Empire and the Mughal Empire, originated in Central Asia. In the 20th century, severe restrictions on religious practice were enacted by the Soviet Union in Soviet Central Asia and the People's Republic of China in Xinjiang. History Arrival of Islam and Medieval period Urban centers were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Islam In Russia
Islam is a major religious minority in the Russian Federation, which has the largest Islam in Europe, Muslim population in Europe. According to the US Federal Research Division 1998 reference book, , viArchive.org/ref> Muslims in Russia numbered about 19% of the religious population, and, according to the United States Department of State, US Department of State in 2017, Muslims in Russia numbered 14 million or roughly 10% of the total population. One of the Grand Muftis of Russia, sheikh Rawil Gaynetdin, estimated the Muslim population of Russia at 25 million in 2018. Recognized under the law and by Russian political leaders as one of Russia's traditional religions, Islam is a part of History of Russia, Russian historical heritage, and is Subsidy, subsidized by the Russian government. The position of Islam as a major Russian religion, alongside Russian Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity, dates from the time of Catherine the Great, who sponsored Ulama, Islamic clerics and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
