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Ophiurina
Ophiurina are a suborder of brittle stars containing the majority of living brittle star species. Characteristics Ophiurina contain a large number of ophiuroids with characteristics ranging from skin just covering the disk, the presence or absence of arm combs, and an infradental papilla occurring with a distinct diastema between it and its flanking oral papillae Systematics There is currently no consensus as to the subdivision of the Ophiurina (traditionally, the infraorders have been treated as suborders). It contains the genera Amphiura, Amphipholis, and Ophiacantha. The suborder has been divided into the following recent infraorders and families :Smith, A.B.; Paterson, G.L.J., Ophiuroid phylogeny and higher taxonomy: morphological, molecular and palaeontological perspectives. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 114 (1995) *Ophiacanthidae Hemieuryalina *Hemieuryalidae Chilophiurina *Ophiuridae Gnathophiurina *Amphilepididae *Amphiuridae *Ophiothricidae *Ophiactidae *Ophionereididae *Ophio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophiuridae
Ophiuridae are a large family (biology), family of brittle stars of the suborder Ophiurina. Description The arms are simple and unbranched, projecting from and well-fused to the edge of the disc. These arms move horizontally. The arm spines short and movable. They lie flat against the arms when stimulated, but held erect when the brittle star is at rest. Disc and arms are covered in naked, distinct scales. The scales are situated at both sides of the disc. The jaw is surrounded by a continuous series of mouth papillae. The base of the arm contains a single arm comb or an inner and outer arm comb. Systematics and phylogeny The fossils of Ophiuridae date back to Carboniferous (''Aganaster''†). The family includes the following living genera: *''Anthophiura'' *''Astrophiura'' *''Dictenophiura'' *''Euvondrea'' *''Gymnophiura'' *''Haplophiura'' *''Homophiura'' *''Ophiambix'' *''Ophioceramis'' *''Ophiochalcis'' *''Ophiochorus'' *''Ophiochrysis'' *''Ophiocrates'' *''Ophiocrossota' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brittle Star
Brittle stars, serpent stars, or ophiuroids (; ; referring to the serpent-like arms of the brittle star) are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea, closely related to starfish. They crawl across the sea floor using their flexible arms for locomotion. The ophiuroids generally have five long, slender, whip-like arms which may reach up to in length on the largest specimens. The Ophiuroidea contain two large clades, Ophiurida (brittle stars) and Euryalida (basket stars). Over 2,000 species of brittle stars live today. More than 1,200 of these species are found in deep waters, greater than 200 m deep. Range The ophiuroids diverged in the Early Ordovician. Ophiuroids can be found today in all of the major marine provinces, from the poles to the tropics. Basket stars are usually confined to the deeper parts of this range; Ophiuroids are known even from abyssal (>6,000 m) depths. However, brittle stars are also common members of reef communities, where they hide under rocks and even w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophionereididae
Ophionereididae are a family of brittle star Brittle stars, serpent stars, or ophiuroids (; ; referring to the serpent-like arms of the brittle star) are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea, closely related to starfish. They crawl across the sea floor using their flexible arms for locomot ...s. Systematics Ophionereididae has been placed (along with Ophiocomidae) to the superfamily Ophiocomidea and infraorder Chilophiurina or suborder Chilophiurina in different classifications. Ophionereididae contains the following genera: *'' Ophiocrasis'' *'' Ophiodoris'' *'' Ophionereis'' *'' Ophioneroides'' *'' Ophiotriton'' References Ophiurida Echinoderm families {{Ophiuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnathophiurina
The Gnathophiurina are a group of Ophiuroidea mostly treated as suborder (but at first as an order Gnathophiurida, and sometimes as infraorder of OphiurinaSmith, A.B.; Paterson, G.L.J. . Ophiuroid phylogeny and higher taxonomy: morphological, molecular and palaeontological perspectives. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 114 (1995) or not used at all). Families * Amphilepididae Matsumoto, 1915 * Amphiuridae Ljungman, 1867 * Ophiactidae Matsumoto, 1915 * Ophiocomidae Ljungman, 1867 * Ophionereididae Ophionereididae are a family of brittle star Brittle stars, serpent stars, or ophiuroids (; ; referring to the serpent-like arms of the brittle star) are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea, closely related to starfish. They crawl across the ... Ljungman, 1867 * Ophiothricidae Ljungman, 1867 References Ophiurida {{ophiuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophiocomidae
Ophiocomidae are a family of brittle stars of the suborder Ophiurina. Systematics and phylogeny Ophiocomidae has been placed (along with Ophionereididae) to the superfamily Ophiocomidea and infraorder Gnathophiurina or suborder Gnathophiurina in different classifications. Genera The following genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ... are included in the family according to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS): World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2011-08-30. * Subfamily Ophiocominae **Genus '' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophiura Ophiura
''Ophiura ophiura'' or the serpent star is a species of brittle star in the order Ophiurida. It is typically found on coastal seabeds around northwestern Europe. Description ''Ophiura ophiura'' has a circular central disc up to 35 mm (1.5 in) wide and five radially arranged, narrow arms each up to long. The general colour is mottled reddish-brown with a paler underside. Both the top and the underside of the disc are covered with calcareous plates. The arms are joined to the top rather than the edge of the disc and further small, articulating plates allow the arms to bend from side to side. Small spines on the arms lie flat against the surface. Four larger plates occur across the root of each arm with the outer pair having a comb-like edge, with 20 to 30 fine papillae in each.''Ophiura ophiura'' (Linn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophiodermatidae
Ophiodermatidae are a family of brittle stars in the order Ophiacanthida. Systematics and phylogeny Some fossils date as far back as the Changhsingian age, late in the Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years, from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya. It is the s ... period. The family includes the following living genera: * '' Bathypectinura'' * '' Cryptopelta'' * '' Diopederma'' * '' Distichophis'' * '' Ophiarachna'' * '' Ophiarachnella'' * '' Ophiochaeta'' * '' Ophiochasma'' * '' Ophioclastus'' * '' Ophioconis'' * '' Ophiocormus'' * '' Ophiocryptus'' * '' Ophioderma'' * '' Ophiodyscrita'' * '' Ophiolimna'' * '' Ophioncus'' * '' Ophiopaepale'' * '' Ophiopeza'' * '' Ophiopinax'' * '' Ophiopsammus'' * '' Ophiostegastus'' * '' Ophiurochaeta'' * '' Pectinura'' * '' Schizoderma'' References Ophiacanthida Lopingia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphiuridae
Amphiuridae (commonly called long-armed burrowing brittle stars or burrowing brittle stars) are a large family of brittle stars of the suborder Gnathophiurina The Gnathophiurina are a group of Ophiuroidea mostly treated as suborder (but at first as an order Gnathophiurida, and sometimes as infraorder of OphiurinaSmith, A.B.; Paterson, G.L.J. . Ophiuroid phylogeny and higher taxonomy: morphological, .... Some species are used to study echinoderm development (e.g. '' Amphipholis kochii'' and '' Amphioplus abditus'') and bioluminescence (the dwarf brittle star, ''Amphipholis squamata''). Characteristics Amphiuridae are generally small brittlestars. Their jaws are always with two apical papillae at the tip, and one or more papillae on each side. Systematics and phylogeny Amphiuridae are the most diverse family of Ophiurida with over 200 species. The family contains the following genera: In addition, two extinct genera are known: * † '' Deckersamphiura'' Jagt, 2000 * � ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophiactidae
Ophiactidae are a family of brittle stars. Genera The following genera are recognised by the World Register of Marine Species The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ... : *'' Hemipholis'' Lyman, 1865 *'' Histampica'' A.M. Clark, 1970 *'' Ophiactis'' Lütken, 1856 *'' Ophiopholis'' Müller & Troschel, 1842 *'' Ophiopus'' Ljungman, 1867 References Ophiurida Echinoderm families {{Ophiuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
