Operation Regenbogen (other)
Operation Regenbogen may refer to: *In 1942 Operation Regenbogen (Arctic) was an unsuccessful sortie against Arctic convoy JW 51B, which led to the Battle of the Barents Sea *In 1945 Operation Regenbogen (U-boat) Operation Regenbogen (, "Rainbow Order") was the code name for the planned mass scuttling of the German U-boat fleet, to avoid surrender, at the end of World War II. Background At the beginning of May 1945 Nazi Germany was collapsing under ...

Operation Regenbogen (Arctic)
Operation Regenbogen (Operation Rainbow) was a sortie in 1942 into the Arctic Ocean by warships of the Nazi Germany (German navy) during the Second World War. The operation culminated in the Battle of the Barents Sea. Background Following the hard-fought PQ 18 and the disastrous PQ 17 battles in the autumn and summer of 1942 the Allied supply convoys to the Soviet Union had been temporarily suspended. In December 1942 they started again with a new JW/RA convoy series. Against this possibility the had concentrated a large force of surface vessels and U-boats, supported by aircraft from the (German Air Force). German plan was based on a plan to intercept the next Allied convoy to Murmansk. A patrol line of four U-boats was established off Bear Island and a surface force consisting of cruisers ''Hipper'', ''Lützow'' and six destroyers was assembled at Altafjord. In the event of a convoy report the fleet would sail as two battle-groups; one to engage the expected cruiser ...
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