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Operation Karbala-4
Operation Karbala-4 was an Iranian offensive in the Iran–Iraq War on the southern front. The operation was launched after the failure of Operation Karbala-2 and Operation Karbala-3 to move the Iraqi lines in an effort to capture Iraqi territory. Prelude The battle itself was planned and eventually executed by Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. The operation would be launched under cover of darkness in order to gain a foothold along the Shatt-al-Arab waterway. Once across, the Iranian forces would go on the offensive and eventually move onto the port city of Basra. The attack would be launched towards the Umm ar-Rasas Island in the Shatt al Arab. It most likely was meant as a diversionary attack before the upcoming Operation Karbala-5 (although it may have been called that only after it failed). It would attack from Umm ar-Rasas island to other islands and roads to help create a broad encirclement of Basra. It may have been rushed ahead to intimidate the Islamic Summit Conference meeting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran–Iraq War
The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. Active hostilities began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for nearly eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations Security Council Resolution 598 by both sides. Iraq's primary rationale for the attack against Iran cited the need to prevent Ruhollah Khomeini—who had spearheaded the Iranian revolution in 1979—from exporting the new Iranian ideology to Iraq. There were also fears among the Iraqi leadership of Saddam Hussein that Iran, a theocratic state with a population predominantly composed of Shia Muslims, would exploit sectarian tensions in Iraq by rallying Iraq's Shia majority against the Baʽathist government, which was officially secular but dominated by Sunni Muslims. Iraq also wished to replace Iran as the power player in the Persian Gulf, which was not seen as an achievable objective prior to the Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shatt Al-Arab
The Shatt al-Arab () is a river about in length that is formed at the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the town of al-Qurnah in the Basra Governorate of southern Iraq. The southern end of the river constitutes the Iran–Iraq border down to its mouth, where it discharges into the Persian Gulf. The Shatt al-Arab varies in width from about at Basra to at its mouth. It is thought that the waterway formed relatively recently in geological time, with the Tigris and Euphrates originally emptying into the Persian Gulf via a channel further to the west. Kuwait's Bubiyan Island is part of the Shatt al-Arab delta. The Karun, a tributary which joins the waterway from the Iranian side, deposits large amounts of silt into the river; this necessitates continuous dredging to keep it navigable. The area used to hold the largest date palm forest in the world. In the mid-1970s, the region included 17–18 million date palms: an estimated one-fifth of the world's 90 mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basra In The Iran–Iraq War
Basra () is a port city in southern Iraq. It is the capital of the eponymous Basra Governorate, as well as the third largest city in Iraq overall, behind Baghdad and Mosul. Located near the Iran–Iraq border at the north-easternmost extent of the Arabian Peninsula, the city is situated along the banks of the Shatt al-Arab that empties into the Persian Gulf. It is consistently one of the hottest cities in Iraq, with summer temperatures regularly exceeding . Built in 636 as a military camp, Basra played an important role as a regional hub of knowledge, trade and commerce during the Islamic Golden Age and is home to the first mosque built outside the Arabian Peninsula. It was a center of the slave trade in Mesopotamia, until the Zanj rebellion in 871. Historically, Basra is one of the ports from which the fictional Sinbad the Sailor embarked on his journeys. It has experienced numerous ruling shifts. In 1258, the city was sacked by the Mongols. Basra came under Portuguese c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operations Karbala
Operation or Operations may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''Operation'' (game), a battery-operated board game that challenges dexterity * Operation (music), a term used in musical set theory * ''Operations'' (magazine), Multi-Man Publishing's house organ for articles and discussion about its wargaming products * ''The Operation'' (film), a 1973 British television film * ''The Operation'' (1990), a crime, drama, TV movie starring Joe Penny, Lisa Hartman, and Jason Beghe * The Operation M.D., formerly The Operation, a Canadian garage rock band * "Operation", a song by Relient K from '' The Creepy EP'', 2001 Television Episodes * "The Operation", ''Sky Dancers'' episode 27 (1996) * "The Operation", ''The Golden Girls'' season 1, episode 18 (1986) * "The Operation", ''You're Only Young Twice'' (1997) series 2, episode 8 (1978) Shows * ''The Operation'' (1992–1998), a reality television series from TLC Business * Manufacturing operations, operation of a f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Operations Of The Iran–Iraq War In 1986
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily Weapon, armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a distinct military uniform. They may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of a military is usually defined as defence of their state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms "armed forces" and "military" are often synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include other paramilitary forces such as armed police. Beyond warfare, the military may be employed in additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within the state, including internal security threats, crowd control, promotion of political agendas, emergency services and reconstructi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christopher De Bellaigue
Christopher George Lowther de Bellaigue de Bughas (born 23 September 1971 in London) is a British author and journalist who is known for his long-form reporting and works of history. De Bellaigue was formerly the correspondent for The Economist in Turkey and Iran. He also covered the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq for, among others, the New York Review of Books, Granta, The New Yorker, the London Review of Books, and Harper’s Magazine. Since returning to the UK in 2007, he has written several books and held fellowships at the universities of Oxford, Harvard and St Andrews. In 2024 he founded thLake District Book Festival Biography De Bellaigue is the second son of Sylvia Rodney (1930–1985), daughter of George Rodney, eighth Baron Rodney, and Lady Marjorie Lowther, daughter of the sixth Earl of Lonsdale, and of Eric de Bellaigue de Bughas, son of Vicomte Pierre de Bellaigue de Bughas, a decorated officer in the Free French Forces of General Charles de Gaulle, and Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th Imam Hossein Division
14th Imam Hossein Division () is a division of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). It was first officially organized as the 3rd Imam Hossein Brigade during the Iran–Iraq War, just before Operation Tariq al-Qods. Its units had participated in various rebellions in Iran after the 1979 Revolution The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Impe ..., and the soldiers of the division were predominantly from the Isfahan Province. It was later expanded into a division. It participated in various key operations and battles in the Iran-Iraq war. Describing the IRGC units during the Iran-Iraq war, then-commander-in-chief of IRGC Mohsen Rezaei says: References * Military units and formations of Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution Isfahan province Infantry d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
7th Vali-e-Asr Division
Seventh is the ordinal form of the number seven. Seventh may refer to: * Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution * A fraction (mathematics), , equal to one of seven equal parts Film and television *"The Seventh", a second-season episode of ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' Music * A seventh (interval), the difference between two pitches ** Diminished seventh, a chromatically reduced minor seventh interval ** Major seventh, the larger of two commonly occurring musical intervals that span seven diatonic scale degrees ** Minor seventh, the smaller of two commonly occurring musical intervals that span seven diatonic scale degrees ** Harmonic seventh, the interval of exactly 4:7, whose approximation to the minor seventh in equal temperament explains the "sweetness" of the dominant seventh chord in a major key ** Augmented seventh, an interval * Leading-tone or subtonic, the seventh degree and the chord built on the seventh degree * Seventh chord, a chord consisting of a triad p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
41st Sarallah Division
The 41st Tharallah Division (also spelled Sarallah) () was a division of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps from 1980 until it was merged into the Sarallah Corps of Kerman Province in 2008. Formation In 1980, a battalion was established consisting of forces from Sistan and Baluchestan province, Hormozgan province and Kerman province to fight in the Iran–Iraq War. In 1981, it was expanded and organized as the 41st Tharallah Brigade (). It was further expanded to comprise 4 battalions by 1982, and 6 battalions later in that year. It was eventually expanded to a division on 7 February 1983, with three infantry brigades and one armored battalion. In 1984, another brigade and one independent anti-armor battalion joined the division. The Anti-Armor Independent Battalion was expanded to the Anti-Armor Brigade a year later. Operations The unit participated in various operations during Iran–Iraq War, namely Operation Meymak (Ammar 3), Operation Nasr 4, Operation Omm-ol-Hasanayn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
25th Karbala Division
25th Karbala Division () was a division of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. It was first officially formed as the 2nd Karbala Brigade () during the Iran–Iraq War, and was later expanded into a division. According to Mohsen Rezaei, after a series of unsuccessful Iranian offensive operations in late stages of the Iran–Iraq War, it was decided to form several new brigades in the IRGC, and one new "special" division. The Karbala Division was later selected to be the special division. A team consisted of Hossein Basir, Mohammad Hassan Tusi, and other commanders were tasked to organize this division, and Morteza Ghorbani was appointed as its commander. Since then, the division was called 25th Karbala Special Division (). The division was employed in the First Battle of al-Faw, which was successful in capturing the strategic Al-Faw Peninsula. According to Iranian sources, Iraqi General Maher Abd al-Rashid had described the unit as a "black scorpion" that should be destroyed, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
27th Mohammad Rasulullah Division
27th Mohammad Rasulullah Division () was a Division (military), division of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Ground Forces based in Tehran. It was established as the 27th Mohammad Rasulullah Brigade by Hossein Qajeyi, Ahmad Motevasselian and Mohammad Ebrahim Hemmat during the Iran–Iraq War, and was expanded into a division just before Operation Jerusalem. Describing the IRGC units during the Iran-Iraq war, then-commander-in-chief of IRGC Mohsen Rezaei says: Sepah-e Muhammad Rasoul Allah The division was merged with the Basij of Tehran to form the Mohammad Rasulullah Corps of Greater Tehran during the rearrangement of the IRGC units in 2008. The Sepah-e Muhammad Rasoul Allah, the Sepah-e Sayyed al-Shohada and the Sepah-e Imam Hassan Mojtaba are controlled by the Sarallah Security Headquarters. Operational forces The Sepah-e Muhammad Rasoul Allah performs military missions through the 27th Mechanized Infantry Operational Division. The Division is a cadre formation, co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
