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Operatie Product
Operation Product was a Dutch military offensive against areas of Java and Sumatra controlled by the de facto Republic of Indonesia during the Indonesian National Revolution.Vickers (2005), p. 99 It took place between 21 July and 4 August 1947. Referred to by the Dutch as the first (police action), the military offensive is more commonly known in Indonesian history books and military records as ''Agresi Militer Belanda I'' (First Dutch Military Aggression). The offensive was launched in violation of the Linggadjati Agreement between the de facto Republic and the Netherlands. The offensive resulted in the Dutch reducing Republican-held areas to smaller areas of Java and Sumatra, split by Dutch-held areas. Background The approximately 120,000 inactive Dutch soldiers, which included significant number of Dutch-born conscripts, in Java were a significant financial burden on the Netherlands after the ravages of World War II.Ricklefs (1991), p. 225 By May 1947, the Dutch had decid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Revolution
The Indonesian National Revolution (), also known as the Indonesian War of Independence (, ), was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during Aftermath of WWII, postwar and Dutch East Indies#World War II and independence, postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesian Declaration of Independence, Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands' Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, transfer of sovereignty over the Dutch East Indies to the Republic of the United States of Indonesia at the end of 1949. The four-year struggle involved sporadic but bloody armed conflict, internal Indonesian political and communal upheavals, and two major international diplomatic interventions. Dutch military forces (and, for a while, the forces of the World War II Allies, World War II allies) were able to control the major towns, cities and industrial assets in Repu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 280 million people, Indonesia is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fourth-most-populous country and the most populous Islam by country, Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia operates as a Presidential system, presidential republic with an elected People's Consultative Assembly, legislature and consists of Provinces of Indonesia, 38 provinces, nine of which have Autonomous administrative divisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Armed Forces
The Indonesian National Armed Forces (; abbreviated as TNI) are the military forces of the Republic of Indonesia. It consists of the Indonesian Army, Army (''TNI-AD''), Indonesian Navy, Navy (''TNI-AL''), and Indonesian Air Force, Air Force (''TNI-AU''). The President of Indonesia is the Commander-in-chief#Indonesia, Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. , it comprises approximately 400,000 military personnel including the Indonesian Marine Corps (), which is a branch of the Navy. Initially formed with the name of the People's Security Army (TKR), then later changed to the Republic of Indonesia Army (TRI) before changing again its name to the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) to the present. The Indonesian Armed Forces were formed during the Indonesian National Revolution, when it undertook a guerrilla war along with informal militia. As a result of this, and the need to maintain internal security, the Armed forces including the Army, Navy, and Air Force has been organised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surabaya
Surabaya is the capital city of East Java Provinces of Indonesia, province and the List of Indonesian cities by population, second-largest city in Indonesia, after Jakarta. Located on the northeastern corner of Java island, on the Madura Strait, it is one of the earliest port cities in Southeast Asia. According to the Government of Indonesia, National Development Planning Agency, Surabaya is one of the Regions of Indonesia#Development regions, four main central cities of Indonesia, alongside Jakarta, Medan, and Makassar. The city had a population of 2,874,314 within its city limits at the 2020 census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. With 3,009,286 people living in the city as of mid 2023 (comprising 1,490,358 males and 1,518,928 females) Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kota Surabaya Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3578) and over 10 million in the extended Surabaya metropolitan area, according to the latest official estimate, Surabaya is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sidoarjo Regency
Sidoarjo Regency () is a regency in East Java, Indonesia. It is bordered by Surabaya City and Gresik Regency to the north, by Pasuruan Regency to the south, by Mojokerto Regency to the west, and by the Madura Strait to the east. It has a land area of 719.34 km2, making it physically the smallest regency in East Java,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Sidoarjo Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3515) although it contains many of the southern suburbs of Surabaya and has a high population density. This is particularly true in the northern districts of Waru and Taman, which immediately adjoin the city to the north, and also in the urban area based on Sidoarjo town, which including its suburbs had a combined population of 586,602 at the 1990 Census. As at the 2010 census, Sidoarjo Regency had a population of 2,191,489Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. while the 2020 census showed a small decline to 2,033,760,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porong
Porong is a district in Sidoarjo Regency, East Java, Indonesia. It has a population of 70,170 as of 2023.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kabupaten Sidoarjo Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3515) Located about south of the regency seat. It is bordered by Krembung District to the west, Pasuruan Regency Pasuruan Regency () is a Regencies of Indonesia, regency in East Java, a province of Indonesia. The capital of this regency is Bangil. The regency covers an area of 1,474.02 km2, and it had a population of 1,512,468 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat ... to the south, Jabon District to the east, and Tanggulangin District to the north. The eponymous Porong River flows at its south. Villages Porong consists of 19 administrative villages, of which six are classed as urban ''kelurahan'' and thirteen as rural ''desa''. Urban ''kelurahan'': *Gedang *Jatirejo *Juwetkenongo *Mindi *Porong *Siring Rural ''desa'': *Candipari *Glagahharum *Kebakalan *Kebonagung * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banyuwangi Regency
Banyuwangi Regency (, ) is a Regency (Indonesia), regency of East Java province in Indonesia. This regency also known as ''the sun rise of Java'' because it is located at the easternmost end of Java (island), Java Island. The town of Banyuwangi serves as a port for ferry services between Java and Bali. The regency is surrounded by mountains and forests to the west; by sea to the east and south - is separated by the Strait of Bali from Bali. With an area of 5,782.5 km2, this regency is by far the largest on the island of Java. The regency is a tourist destination, and subject to ongoing development as an international tourist destination with relevant infrastructure. Banyuwangi regency has been declared a taman bumi (earth park), or national geological park (Geopark) in 2018. It had a population of 1,488,791 according to the 2000 Census; by the 2010 Census it had risen to 1,556,078;Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and at the 2020 Census to 1,708,114;Badan Pusat Statisti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Situbondo Regency
Situbondo Regency ( Madurese: ''Kabhupatèn Situbânḍâ'') is a regency ''(kabupaten)'' in the east of East Java province, Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,658.03 km2, and had a population of 647,619 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 685,967 at the 2020 Census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 684,343 (comprising 334,698 males and 349,645 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kabupaten Situbondo Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3512) It is located towards the eastern end of Java, before Banyuwangi. Its administrative centre is Situbondo, a small town within the regency. One of its famous tourist sites is Baluran National Park. Administrative districts The Regency is divided into seventeen districts (''kecamatan''), tabulated below with their areas and their population totals from the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and the 2020 Census,Badan Pusat Statisti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yogyakarta
Yogyakarta is the capital city of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in Indonesia, in the south-central part of the island of Java. As the only Indonesian royal city still ruled by Hamengkubuwono, a monarchy, Yogyakarta is regarded as an important centre for classical Javanese culture, Javanese fine arts and culture such as ballet, ''batik'' textiles, drama, Javanese literature, literature, music of Java, music, Javanese poetry, poetry, silversmithing, visual arts, and ''wayang'' puppetry. Renowned as a centre of Education in Indonesia, Indonesian education, Yogyakarta is home to a large student population and dozens of schools and universities, including Gadjah Mada University, the country's largest institute of higher education and one of its most prestigious. Yogyakarta is the capital of the Yogyakarta Sultanate and served as the Indonesian capital from 1946 to 1948 during the Indonesian National Revolution, with Gedung Agung as the president's office. One of the districts in s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Communist Party
The Communist Party of Indonesia ( Indonesian: ''Partai Komunis Indonesia'', PKI) was a communist party in the Dutch East Indies and later Indonesia. It was the largest non-ruling communist party in the world before its violent disbandment in 1965. The party had two million members in the 1955 elections, with 16 percent of the national vote and almost 30 percent of the vote in East Java. At the time, it was the largest communist party in the world after the Chinese and Soviet communist parties. During most of the period immediately following the Indonesian Independence until the eradication of the PKI in 1965, it was a legal party operating openly in the country. Accused of responsibility for the 1965 army-led coup attempt, the party was banned by General Suharto in March 1966. History Forerunners The Indies Social Democratic Association ( Dutch: ''Indische Sociaal-Democratische Vereeniging'', ISDV) was founded in 1914 by Dutch socialist Henk Sneevliet and another Indies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Indian
Indian Indonesians are Indonesians whose ancestors originally came from the Indian subcontinent. Therefore, this term can be regarded as a blanket term for not only Indonesian Indians but also Indonesians with other South Asian ancestries (e.g. Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, etc.). According to the Indian Ministry of External Affairs, there were about 120,000 people of Indian origin as well as 9,000 Indian nationals living and working in Indonesia as of January 2012. Most of them were concentrated in the province of North Sumatra and urban areas such as Banda Aceh, Surabaya, Medan, and Jakarta. However, it is quite impossible to get correct statistical figures on the Indian Indonesian population, because some of them have merged and assimilated with the indigenous population to become indistinguishable from native Indonesians. History Pre-colonial era The name ''Indonesia'' itself derives from the Latin ''Indus'', meaning "India", and the Greek ''nesos'', meaning "island". (due ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Chinese
Chinese Indonesians (), or simply ''Orang Tionghoa'' or ''Tionghoa'', are Indonesians whose ancestors arrived from China at some stage in the last eight centuries. Chinese Indonesians are the fourth largest community of Overseas Chinese in the world after Thailand, Malaysia, and the United States. Chinese people and their Indonesian descendants have lived in the Indonesian archipelago since at least the 13th century. Many came initially as sojourners (temporary residents), intending to return home in their old age. Some, however, stayed in the region as economic migrants. Their population grew rapidly during the colonial period when workers were contracted from their home provinces in Southern China. Discrimination against Chinese Indonesians has occurred since the start of Dutch colonialism in the region, although government policies implemented since 1998 have attempted to redress this. Resentment of ethnic Chinese economic aptitude grew in the 1950s as Native Indonesian m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
