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Open Food Facts
Open Food Facts is a free, online and crowdsourced database of food products from around the world licensed under the Open Database License, while its artwork—uploaded by contributors—is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution–Share Alike license. The project was launched on 19 May 2012 by French programmer Stéphane Gigandet during the ''Food Revolution Day'' organized by Jamie Oliver and has won the ''2013 Dataconnexions Award'' from Etalab and the 2015 OKFN Award from Open Knowledge. In May 2016, its database contained more than 80,000 products from 141 countries. In June 2017, due to the growing ecosystem of apps and open data imports from various countries, this number rose to 880,000. In October 2019 OFF passed the 1,000,000 products milestone. By the 10th anniversary in May 2022, the database contained 2.3 million products from 182 countries. As of 2025, OFF has passed 4 million products. Overview The project gathers information and data on food ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multilingual
Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers. When the languages are just two, it is usually called bilingualism. It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population. More than half of all Europeans claim to speak at least one language other than their mother tongue; but many read and write in one language. Being multilingual is advantageous for people wanting to participate in trade, globalization and cultural openness. Owing to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, individuals' exposure to multiple languages has become increasingly possible. People who speak several languages are also called '' polyglots''. Multilingual speakers have acquired and maintained at least one language during childhood, the so-called first language (L1). The first language (sometimes also referred to as the mother tongue) is usually acquired without formal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Knowledge
Open knowledge (or free knowledge) is knowledge that is free to use, reuse, and redistribute without legal, social, or technological restriction. Open knowledge organizations and activists have proposed principles and methodologies related to the production and distribution of knowledge in an open manner. The concept is related to open source and the Open Definition, whose first versions bore the title "Open Knowledge Definition", is derived from the Open Source Definition. History Early history Similarly to other "open" concepts, though the term is rather new, the concept is old: One of the earliest surviving printed texts, a copy of the Buddhist Diamond Sutra produced in China around 868 AD, contains a dedication "for universal free distribution". In the fourth volume of the ''Encyclopédie'', Denis Diderot allowed re-use of his work in return for him having used material from other authors. Twentieth century In the early twentieth century, a debate about intellectual proper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NOVA (nutrition)
A nova ( novae or novas) is a transient astronomical event that causes the sudden appearance of a bright, apparently "new" star (hence the name "nova", Latin for "new") that slowly fades over weeks or months. All observed novae involve white dwarfs in close binary systems, but causes of the dramatic appearance of a nova vary, depending on the circumstances of the two progenitor stars. The main sub-classes of novae are classical novae, recurrent novae (RNe), and dwarf novae. They are all considered to be cataclysmic variable stars. Classical nova eruptions are the most common type. This type is usually created in a close binary star system consisting of a white dwarf and either a main sequence, subgiant, or red giant star. If the orbital period of the system is a few days or less, the white dwarf is close enough to its companion star to draw accreted matter onto its surface, creating a dense but shallow atmosphere. This atmosphere, mostly consisting of hydrogen, is heated by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serge Hercberg
Serge may refer to: *Serge (fabric), a type of twill fabric *Serge (llama) (born 2005), a llama in the Cirque Franco-Italien and internet meme *Serge (name), a masculine given name (includes a list of people with this name) *Serge (post), a hitching post used among the Buryats and Yakuts *Serge synthesizer, a modular synthesizer See also *Overlock, a type of stitch known as "serger" in North America *Surge (other) Surge means a sudden transient rush or flood, and may refer to: Science * Storm surge, the onshore flow of water associated with a low-pressure weather system * Surge (glacier), a short-lived event where a glacier can move up to velocities 100 t ... * Serg (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nutri-score
The Nutri-Score, also known as the 5-Colour Nutrition label or 5-CNL, is a five-colour nutrition label and nutritional rating system that attempts to provide simplified information about the overall nutritional value of food products. It assigns products a rating letter from A (best) to E (worst), with associated colors from green to red. High content of fruits and vegetables, fibers, protein and healthy oils (rapeseed, walnut and olive oils, rule added in 2019) per 100 g of food product promote a preferable score, while high content of energy, sugar, saturated fatty acids, and sodium per 100 g promote a detrimental score. The system has been recommended by other European Union countries as well as the European Commission and the World Health Organization. Due to the system's methodology, its implementation for general use is controversial in some EU countries. History and origin This system was selected by the French government in March 2017 to be displayed on food product ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Public Goods
Digital public goods are Public good (economics), public goods in the form of software, data sets, AI, AI models, standards or content. These goods are generally free cultural works and are intended to contribute to sustainable national and international digital development. The term "digital public good" has been in use since at least April 2017, when Nicholas Gruen wrote ''Building the Public Goods of the Twenty-First Century''. The concept has attracted attention as new technologies are increasingly seen as having the potential to benefit society, leading to the development of evaluation frameworks for competing projects. Some countries, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and private sector entities have identified digital technologies as a tool for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This application of public goods in digital platforms has led to the use of the term "digital public goods". Various international agencies, including UNICEF and the United Nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wikipedia
Wikipedia is a free content, free Online content, online encyclopedia that is written and maintained by a community of volunteers, known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and the wiki software MediaWiki. Founded by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger in 2001, Wikipedia has been hosted since 2003 by the Wikimedia Foundation, an American 501(c)(3) organization, nonprofit organization funded mainly by donations from readers. Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history. Initially available only in English language, English, Wikipedia exists list of Wikipedias, in over 340 languages. The English Wikipedia, with over million Article (publishing), articles, remains the largest of the editions, which together comprise more than articles and attract more than 1.5 billion unique device visits and 13 million edits per month (about 5edits per second on average) . , over 25% of Wikipedia's web traffic, traffic comes from the United States, while Jap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Identifier
An identifier is a name that identifies (that is, labels the identity of) either a unique object or a unique ''class'' of objects, where the "object" or class may be an idea, person, physical countable object (or class thereof), or physical mass noun, noncountable substance (or class thereof). The abbreviation ID often refers to identity, identification (the process of identifying), or an identifier (that is, an instance of identification). An identifier may be a word, number, letter, symbol, or any combination of those. The words, numbers, letters, or symbols may follow an code, encoding system (wherein letters, digits, words, or symbols ''stand for'' [represent] ideas or longer names) or they may simply be arbitrary. When an identifier follows an encoding system, it is often referred to as a code or id code. For instance the ISO/IEC 11179 metadata registry standard defines a code as ''system of valid symbols that substitute for longer values'' in contrast to identifiers wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barcode
A barcode or bar code is a method of representing data in a visual, Machine-readable data, machine-readable form. Initially, barcodes represented data by varying the widths, spacings and sizes of parallel lines. These barcodes, now commonly referred to as linear or one-dimensional (1D), can be scanned by special optical scanners, called barcode readers, of which there are several types. Later, two-dimensional (2D) variants were developed, using rectangles, dots, hexagons and other patterns, called ''2D barcodes'' or ''matrix codes'', although they do not use bars as such. Both can be read using purpose-built 2D optical scanners, which exist in a few different forms. Matrix codes can also be read by a digital camera connected to a microcomputer running software that takes a photographic image of the barcode and analyzes the image to deconstruct and decode the code. A mobile device with a built-in camera, such as a smartphone, can function as the latter type of barcode reader usin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Trade Item Number
The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) is an identifier for trade items, developed by the international organization GS1. Such identifiers are used to look up product information in a database (often by entering the number through a barcode scanner pointed at an actual product) which may belong to a retailer, manufacturer, collector, researcher, or other entity. The uniqueness and universality of the identifier is useful in establishing which product in one database corresponds to which product in another database, especially across organizational boundaries. Format and incorporated standards The GTIN standard has incorporated the International Standard Book Number (ISBN), International Standard Serial Number (ISSN), International Standard Music Number (ISMN), International Article Number (which includes the European Article Number and Japanese Article Number) and some Universal Product Codes (UPCs), into a universal number space. GTINs may be eight, 12, 13, or 14 digits long, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nutri-Score
The Nutri-Score, also known as the 5-Colour Nutrition label or 5-CNL, is a five-colour nutrition label and nutritional rating system that attempts to provide simplified information about the overall nutritional value of food products. It assigns products a rating letter from A (best) to E (worst), with associated colors from green to red. High content of fruits and vegetables, fibers, protein and healthy oils (rapeseed, walnut and olive oils, rule added in 2019) per 100 g of food product promote a preferable score, while high content of energy, sugar, saturated fatty acids, and sodium per 100 g promote a detrimental score. The system has been recommended by other European Union countries as well as the European Commission and the World Health Organization. Due to the system's methodology, its implementation for general use is controversial in some EU countries. History and origin This system was selected by the French government in March 2017 to be displayed on food product ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Food Additive
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance taste, appearance, or other sensory qualities. Some additives, such as vinegar ( pickling), salt ( salting), smoke ( smoking) and sugar ( crystallization), have been used for centuries to preserve food. This allows for longer-lasting foods, such as bacon, sweets, and wines. With the advent of ultra-processed foods in the late 20th century, many additives having both natural and artificial origin were introduced. Food additives also include substances that may be introduced to food indirectly (called "indirect additives") in the manufacturing process through packaging, storage or transport. In Europe and internationally, many additives are designated with E numbers, while in the United States, additives in amounts deemed safe for human consumption are designated as GRAS. Identification To regulate these additives and inform consumers each additive is assigned a unique number called an "E number", whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
