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On Semen
''On Semen'' (''De Semine''), also known as ''On the Seed'' (''Peri spermatos'') is a medical treatise written by the Greek physician Galen. In this work, Galen writes about the physiology of animal reproduction, provides detailed anatomical descriptions of the reproductive organs and their purposes, and also deals with inheritance and embryology. The first book of ''On Semen'' is about the contribution of the male to reproduction, and the second book deals with the contribution of the female. Galen wrote it in the 170s, during his second stay in Rome. It was meant for a large audience that did not need much prior medical knowledge to understand it. The focus of ''On Semen'' is, firstly, to criticize Aristotle's concept of semen, and secondly, to propose a new one. Going against Aristotle's view that only males produce a reproductive fluid (semen), but agreeing with Hippocrates, Galen defends a two-seed theory which states there is both a male and a female semen, and that concept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galen
Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus (; September 129 – AD), often Anglicization, anglicized as Galen () or Galen of Pergamon, was a Ancient Rome, Roman and Greeks, Greek physician, surgeon, and Philosophy, philosopher. Considered to be one of the most accomplished of all medical researchers of Ancient history, antiquity, Galen influenced the development of various scientific disciplines, including anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, and neurology, as well as philosophy and logic. The son of Aelius Nicon, a wealthy Greek architect with scholarly interests, Galen received a comprehensive education that prepared him for a successful career as a physician and philosopher. Born in the ancient city of Pergamon (present-day Bergama, Turkey), Galen traveled extensively, exposing himself to a wide variety of medical theories and discoveries before settling in Ancient Rome, Rome, where he served prominent members of Roman society and eventually was given the position of perso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rome
Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2,746,984 residents in , Rome is the list of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, third most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. The Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, with a population of 4,223,885 residents, is the most populous metropolitan cities of Italy, metropolitan city in Italy. Rome metropolitan area, Its metropolitan area is the third-most populous within Italy. Rome is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of the Tiber Valley. Vatican City (the smallest country in the world and headquarters of the worldwide Catholic Church under the governance of the Holy See) is an independent country inside the city boun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristotle
Aristotle (; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosophy, Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of philosophy in the Lyceum (classical), Lyceum in Athens, he began the wider Aristotelianism, Aristotelian tradition that followed, which set the groundwork for the development of modern science. Little is known about Aristotle's life. He was born in the city of Stagira (ancient city), Stagira in northern Greece during the Classical Greece, Classical period. His father, Nicomachus (father of Aristotle), Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, and he was brought up by a guardian. At around eighteen years old, he joined Plato's Platonic Academy, Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty seven (). Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hippocrates
Hippocrates of Kos (; ; ), also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician and philosopher of the Classical Greece, classical period who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine. He is traditionally referred to as the "Father of Medicine" in recognition of his lasting contributions to the field, such as the use of prognosis and clinical observation, the systematic categorization of diseases, and the (however misguided) formulation of Humorism, humoral theory. His studies set out the basic ideas of modern-day specialties, including surgery, urology, neurology, acute medicine and Orthopedic surgery, orthopedics. The Hippocratic school of medicine revolutionized ancient Greek medicine, establishing it as a discipline distinct from other fields with which it had traditionally been associated (theurgy and philosophy), thus establishing medicine as a profession. However, the achievements of the writers of the Hippocratic Corpus, the practitioners ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hunayn Ibn Ishaq
Hunayn ibn Ishaq al-Ibadi (808–873; also Hunain or Hunein; ; ; known in Latin as Johannitius) was an influential Arab Nestorian Christian translator, scholar, physician, and scientist. During the apex of the Islamic Abbasid era, he worked with a group of translators, among whom were Abū 'Uthmān al-Dimashqi, Ibn Mūsā al-Nawbakhti, and Thābit ibn Qurra, to translate books of philosophy and classical Greek and Persian texts into Arabic and Syriac. Ḥunayn ibn Isḥaq was his era's most productive translator of Greek medical and scientific treatises. He studied Greek and became known as the "Sheikh of the Translators". He mastered four languages: Arabic, Syriac, Greek and Persian. Later translators widely followed Hunayn's method. He was originally from al-Hirah, previously the capital of the Lakhmid kingdom, but worked in Baghdad, the center of the Translation movement. His fame went far beyond the local community. Overview In the Abbasid era, a new interest in e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Gottlob Kühn
Karl Gottlob Kühn (12 July 1754, in Spergau – 19 June 1840, in Leipzig) was a German physician and medical historian. He studied medicine at the University of Leipzig, earning his doctorate in 1783 with the dissertation thesis "De forcibus obstetriciis nuper inventis". In 1785 he became an associate professor at Leipzig, where he later served as a full professor of therapy (from 1802) and physics and pathology (from 1820). On three separate occasions he served as university rector (1805/06, 1809/10 and 1813/14).Kühn, Karl Gottlob at Deutsche Biographie Known as an editor of works by ancient physicians, he published editions of Aretaeus of Cappadocia, |
Claudii Galeni Opera Omnia
The gens Claudia (), sometimes written Clodia, was one of the most prominent patrician houses at ancient Rome. The gens traced its origin to the earliest days of the Roman Republic. The first of the Claudii to obtain the consulship was Appius Claudius Sabinus Regillensis, in 495 BC, and from that time its members frequently held the highest offices of the state, both under the Republic and in imperial times.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. I, p. 762 ("Claudia Gens"). Plebeian Claudii are found fairly early in Rome's history. Some may have been descended from members of the family who had passed over to the plebeians, while others were probably the descendants of freedmen of the gens. In the later Republic, one of its patrician members voluntarily converted to plebeian status and adopted the spelling "Clodius". In his life of the emperor Tiberius, who was a scion of the Claudii, the historian Suetonius gives a summary of the gens, and says, "as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perseus Digital Library
The Perseus Digital Library, formerly known as the Perseus Project, is a free-access digital library founded by Gregory Crane in 1987 and hosted by the Department of Classical Studies of Tufts University. One of the pioneers of digital libraries, its self-proclaimed mission is to make the full record of humanity available to everyone. While originally focused on the ancient Greco -Roman world, it has since diversified and offers materials in Arabic, Germanic, English Renaissance literature, 19th century American documents and Italian poetry in Latin, and has sprouted several child projects and international cooperation. The current version, Perseus 4.0, is also known as the Perseus Hopper, and is mirrored by the University of Chicago. Purpose The Perseus Digital Library was created to provide access to materials of the history of humanity to everyone, with Gregory Crane, the editor-in-chief of the library, stating that "access to the cultural heritage of humanity is a righ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soranus Of Ephesus
Soranus of Ephesus (; 1st/2nd century AD) was a Ancient Greek medicine, Greek physician. He was born in Ephesus but practiced in Alexandria and subsequently in Rome, and was one of the chief representatives of the Methodic school of medicine. Several of his writings still survive, most notably his four-volume treatise on Gynecology in ancient Rome, gynecology, and a Latin translation of his ''On Acute and Chronic Diseases''. Life Little is known about the life of Soranus. According to the Suda (which has two entries on him), he was a native of Ephesus, was the son of Menander and Phoebe, and practiced medicine at Alexandria and Rome in the reigns of Trajan and Hadrian (98–138). He lived at least as early as Archigenes, who used one of his medicines; he was tutor to Statilius Attalus of Heraclea Pontica, Heraclea, physician to Marcus Aurelius; and he was dead when Galen wrote his work ''De Methodo Medendi'', c. 178. He belonged to the Methodic school, and was one of the most em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galenic Corpus
The Galenic corpus is the collection of writings of Galen, a prominent Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher in the Roman Empire during the second century CE. Several of the works were written between 165–175 CE. Description Galen produced more work than any author in antiquity,Kotrc RF, Walters KR. "A bibliography of the Galenic Corpus. A newly researched list and arrangement of the titles of the treatises extant in Greek, Latin, and Arabic". ''Trans Stud Coll Physicians Philad''. 1979 Dec;1(4): 256-304 His surviving work runs to over 2.6 million words, and many more of his writings are now lost. Karl Gottlob Kühn of Leipzig (1754–1840) published an edition of 122 of Galen's writings between 1821 and 1833. His edition, which is the most complete, although flawed, consists of the Greek text with facing-page Latin translation. The text and translation are mainly taken from the edition of Chartier 1638—39, Paris. Kühn's edition runs to 22 volumes, 676 index pages, bein ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peri Alypias
''Peri Alypias'' (), also known as ''De indolentia,'' is a treatise composed by Galen after a massive fire in the centre of Rome in 192AD. Galen's original Greek text was considered lost until it was discovered in 2005 in the library of the Vlatades Monastery, Vlatadon Monastery in Thessaloniki by then-PhD student Antoine Pietrobelli. Prior to its rediscovery, Galen's ''Peri Alypias'' was only known from fragmentary references and quotes in Arabic and Hebrew, and the title was mentioned in Galen's ''On My Own Books (De Libris Propiis)''. History Although the inspiration for Galen's ''Peri'' ''Alypias'' was the fire of Rome in 192AD and the loss of many of Galen's books, the genre of writing on the prevention and cures of grief date back to 5th centuryBC Greece with Antiphon the Sophist, Antiphon the Sophist's ''Peri Alypias'', as described by Plutarch. Other treatises under the same name or genre include those (now lost) by Eratosthenes, Eratosthenes of Cyrene and another by Dio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
