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On Lisp
''On Lisp: Advanced Techniques for Common Lisp'' is a book by Paul Graham on macro programming in Common Lisp. Published in 1993, it is currently out of print, but can be freely downloaded as a PDF Portable document format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe Inc., Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, computer hardware, ... file. See also * Anaphoric macro References External links''On Lisp'' home page*Free versions of "On Lisp" ''On Lisp'' in pdf-format-- includes the nine missing diagrams. Common Lisp publications {{compu-book-stub ...
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Book
A book is a structured presentation of recorded information, primarily verbal and graphical, through a medium. Originally physical, electronic books and audiobooks are now existent. Physical books are objects that contain printed material, mostly of writing and images. Modern books are typically composed of many pages bound together and protected by a cover, what is known as the '' codex'' format; older formats include the scroll and the tablet. As a conceptual object, a ''book'' often refers to a written work of substantial length by one or more authors, which may also be distributed digitally as an electronic book ( ebook). These kinds of works can be broadly classified into fiction (containing invented content, often narratives) and non-fiction (containing content intended as factual truth). But a physical book may not contain a written work: for example, it may contain ''only'' drawings, engravings, photographs, sheet music, puzzles, or removable content like ...
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Paul Graham (computer Programmer)
Paul Graham (; born November 13, 1964) is an English-American computer scientist, writer and essayist, entrepreneur and investor. His work includes the programming language Arc, the startup Viaweb (later renamed ''Yahoo! Store''), co-founding the startup accelerator and seed capital firm Y Combinator, a number of essays and books, and the media webpage Hacker News. He is the author of the computer programming books '' On Lisp'', ''ANSI Common Lisp'', and '' Hackers & Painters''. Technology journalist Steven Levy has described Graham as a "hacker philosopher". Graham was born in England, where he and his family have maintained a permanent residence since 2016. He is also a citizen of the United States, where he attended all of his schooling and lived for 48 years prior to returning to England. Education and early life Graham and his family moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1968, where he later attended the Gateway High School. Graham gained an interest in science and ...
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Macro (computer Science)
In computer programming, a macro (short for "macro instruction"; ) is a rule or pattern that specifies how a certain input should be mapped to a replacement output. Applying a macro to an input is known as macro expansion. The input and output may be a sequence of lexical tokens or characters, or a syntax tree. Character macros are supported in software applications to make it easy to invoke common command sequences. Token and tree macros are supported in some programming languages to enable code reuse or to extend the language, sometimes for domain-specific languages. Macros are used to make a sequence of computing instructions available to the programmer as a single program statement, making the programming task less tedious and less error-prone. Thus, they are called "macros" because a "big" block of code can be expanded from a "small" sequence of characters. Macros often allow positional or keyword parameters that dictate what the conditional assembler program gen ...
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Common Lisp
Common Lisp (CL) is a dialect of the Lisp programming language, published in American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard document ''ANSI INCITS 226-1994 (S2018)'' (formerly ''X3.226-1994 (R1999)''). The Common Lisp HyperSpec, a hyperlinked HTML version, has been derived from the ANSI Common Lisp standard. The Common Lisp language was developed as a standardized and improved successor of Maclisp. By the early 1980s several groups were already at work on diverse successors to MacLisp: Lisp Machine Lisp (aka ZetaLisp), Spice Lisp, NIL and S-1 Lisp. Common Lisp sought to unify, standardise, and extend the features of these MacLisp dialects. Common Lisp is not an implementation, but rather a language specification. Several implementations of the Common Lisp standard are available, including free and open-source software and proprietary products. Common Lisp is a general-purpose, multi-paradigm programming language. It supports a combination of procedural, functional ...
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Anaphoric Macro
An anaphoric macro is a type of programming macro that deliberately captures some form supplied to the macro which may be referred to by an ''anaphor'' (an expression referring to another). Anaphoric macros first appeared in Paul Graham's ''On Lisp'' number 3) number) when true, collecting numbers larger than 3: number 3) number) collect it) ; IT refers to (and (> number 3) number). ;; ⇒ (4 5 6) Defining anaphoric macros One example is an anaphoric version of the if-then-else construct, which introduces an ''anaphor'' it, bound to the result of the test clause:Chapter 14. Anaphoric Macros
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