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Olympic Oath
The Olympic Oath (distinct from the Olympic creed) is a solemn promise made by one athlete, judge or official, and one coach at the Opening Ceremony of each Olympic Games. Each oath taker is from the host nation and takes the oath on behalf of all athletes, officials, or coaches at the Games. The athletes' oath was first introduced for the 1920 Summer Olympic Games, with oaths for the officials and coaches added in 1972 and 2010. The oath is usually said in the language of the nation which is hosting the games; however, in 1994 both the athletes' and officials' oaths were said in English. Until the 1984 games the oath takers swore upon their nation's flag; since then all have taken the oath whilst holding the Olympic Flag. All three of the oaths were combined into one beginning at the 2018 Winter Games. The inspiration for an oath came from the Ancient Olympic Games where competitors swore on a statue of Zeus. An oath for the athletes was first thought of in 1906, following unsp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olympic Creed
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) uses icons, flags, and symbols to represent and enhance the Olympic Games. These symbols include those commonly used during Olympic competitions such as the flame, fanfare, and theme as well as those used both during and outside competition, such as the Olympic flag. The Olympic flag was created in 1913 under the guidance of Baron de Coubertin of France. It was first hoisted in Alexandria, Egypt in Old Shatby Stadium which is now located in Al Ittihad Alexandria Club , at the 1914 Pan-Egyptian Games. The five rings on the flag represent the inhabited continents of the world (the Americas were considered as one continent and Europe was treated as distinct from Asia). It contains the colours blue, black, red, yellow, and green, which are common on national flags globally. Motto and creed The original Olympic motto is the hendiatris "" which is Latin for "Faster, Higher, Stronger". The motto was proposed by Pierre de Coubertin upon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre De Coubertin
Charles Pierre de Frédy, Baron de Coubertin (; born Pierre de Frédy; 1 January 1863 – 2 September 1937), also known as Pierre de Coubertin and Baron de Coubertin, was a French educator and historian, co-founder of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and its second President of the International Olympic Committee, president. He is known as the father of the modern Olympic Games. He was particularly active in promoting the introduction of sport in French schools. Born into a French aristocratic family, Coubertin became an academic and studied a broad range of topics, most notably education and history. He graduated with a degree in law and public affairs from the Sciences Po, Paris Institute of Political Studies (Sciences Po). It was at the Paris Institute of Political Studies that he came up with the idea of reviving the Olympic Games. The Pierre de Coubertin World Trophy and the Pierre de Coubertin Medal are named in his honour. Early life Pierre de Frédy was b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Summersdale Publishers
Summersdale Publishers Ltd (often simply Summersdale) is an English independent publishing firm of non-fiction. The company is based in Chichester, West Sussex. Founded in 1990 by Stewart Ferris and Alastair Williams, it has since published over 800 titles, and has an output of around 90 books per year. Publishing philosophy ''To seek out potential trade bestsellers in the following genres: travel literature, humour, self help, and general non fiction.''http://www.summersdale.com/pages.php?page=About%20Us&osCsid=ikot60d460ped0ro7rdbchs984 Summersdale's 'about us' web page Authors * David Baboulene *Bidisha *Edward Enfield * Caro Feely * Stewart Ferris * Peter Kerr *Imogen Lloyd Webber *Anna Nicholas * Geoff Thompson * Reza Pakravan Other media activities *Audiobooks *E-books An ebook (short for electronic book), also spelled as e-book or eBook, is a book publication made available in electronic form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel disp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heidi Schüller
Heidi Schüller (born 15 June 1950 in Passau, Lower Bavaria) is a West German- German long jumper who competed in the early 1970s. She took the Athlete's Oath at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, the first for a woman in the Summer Olympics. Schüller finished fifth in the women's long jump at those same games. As of 2008, she lives in Aachen Aachen is the List of cities in North Rhine-Westphalia by population, 13th-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia and the List of cities in Germany by population, 27th-largest city of Germany, with around 261,000 inhabitants. Aachen is locat .... ReferencesAachen information on Schüller*IOC 1972 Summer Olympics*Wallechinsky, David (1984). "Track and Field, Women: Long Jump". In ''The Complete Book of the Olympics: 1896-1980''. New York: Penguin Book. p/ 143. 1950 births Living people Sportspeople from Passau Athletes from Bavaria Athletes (track and field) at the 1972 Summer Olympics German female long jumpers Olymp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1972 Summer Olympics
The 1972 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XX Olympiad () and officially branded as Munich 1972 (; ), were an international multi-sport event held in Munich, West Germany, from 26 August to 11 September 1972. It was the second Summer Olympics to be held in Germany, after the 1936 Summer Olympics, 1936 Games in Berlin, which had taken place under the Nazi Germany, Nazi rule. Germany became only the second country at that point after the United States to have two different cities host the Summer Olympics. The West German government had been eager to have the Munich Olympics present a Democracy, democratic and optimistic Germany to the world, as shown by the Games' official motto, ''"Die Heiteren Spiele"'', or "the cheerful Games". The logo of the Games was a blue solar logo (the "Bright Sun") by Otl Aicher, the designer and director of the visual conception commission. The hostesses wore sky-blue dirndls as a promotion of Bavarian cultural heritage. The Oly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinz Pollay
Heinz Pollay (4 February 1908 in Köslin, Pomerania – 14 May 1979) was a German (later West German) horse rider who competed in dressage from the late 1930s to the early 1950s. Competing in two Summer Olympics, he won two golds (Dressage individual and Dressage team: both 1936) and one bronze (Dressage team: 1952). Pollay took the Judge's Oath at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ..., the first for an official in the Summer Olympics to do so. References External linksDatabaseOlympics.com profile *Wallechinsky, David (1984). "Equestrian: Dres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapporo
is a Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan, designated city in Hokkaido, Japan. Located in the southwest of Hokkaido, it lies within the alluvial fan of the Toyohira River, a tributary of the Ishikari River. Sapporo is the capital of Hokkaido Prefecture and Ishikari Subprefecture. As of July 31, 2023, the city has a population of 1,959,750, making it the largest city in Hokkaido and the largest north of Tokyo. It is the List of cities in Japan, fifth-most populous city in Japan and is Hokkaido's cultural, economic, and political center. Originally a plain sparsely inhabited by the indigenous Ainu people, there were a few trade posts of the Matsumae clan, Matsumae domain in the area during the Edo period. The city began as an administrative centre with the establishment of the Hokkaidō Development Commission, Hokkaido Development Commission headquarters in 1869. Inspired by the ancient cities of Kyoto and Heijō-kyō, it adopted a grid plan and developed around Odo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1972 Winter Olympics
The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially the and commonly known as Sapporo 1972 (), were a winter multi-sport event held from February 3 to 13, 1972, in Sapporo, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. It was the first Winter Olympic Games to take place outside Europe and North America. Host city selection Sapporo first won the rights to host the 1940 Winter Olympics, but Japan resigned as the Games' host after its Second Sino-Japanese War, 1937 invasion of China. The 1940 Games were later cancelled. All the cities awarded Games that were cancelled due to war have since hosted the Games (London, Tokyo, Helsinki, Sapporo and Cortina d'Ampezzo). Sapporo competed with Banff, Lahti, and Salt Lake City. The Games were awarded at the 64th IOC Session in Rome, Italy, on April 26, 1966. In preparation, the Japanese constructed new largescale facilities at Sapporo and conducted a trial run a full year in advance of the Games. An international sport week was held in February, 1971, to assess the city' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Amateur Boxing Association
The International Boxing Association (IBA), previously known as the Association Internationale de Boxe Amateur (AIBA), is a sports organization that sanctions amateur and professional boxing matches and awards world and subordinate championships. It is one of the oldest boxing federations in the world, coming into existence after the 1920 Summer Olympics. The IBA consists of five continental confederations, the African Boxing Confederation, American Boxing Confederation, Asian Boxing Confederation, European Boxing Confederation, and Oceania Boxing Confederation. As of 2021, the IBA included 198 national boxing federations. It organises the biennial IBA World Boxing Championships. The IBA's status in the boxing community began to decline in the 2000s, and moreso in the 2010s and 2020s; multiple presidencies—such as those of Anwar Chowdhry (1986–2006), Wu Ching-kuo (2006–2017), and Umar Kremlev (2020–present)—have been impacted by governance issues and allegations of c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuliana Chenal-Minuzzo
Giuliana Chenal-Minuzzo (née Minuzzo, 26 November 1931 – 11 November 2020) was an Italian alpine skier. Career She was born in Vallonara di Marostica. At the 1952 Olympics in Oslo Minuzzo was the bronze medalist in the women's downhill competition."1952 Winter Olympics – Oslo, Norway – Alpine Skiing" (Retrieved on February 27, 2008) At the in Squaw Valley she was bronze medalist in the women's giant slalom event. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scarecrow Press
Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group is an American independent academic publishing company founded in 1949. Under several imprints, the company offers scholarly books for the academic market, as well as trade books. The company also owns the book distributing company National Book Network based in Lanham, Maryland. History The current company took shape when the University Press of America acquired Rowman & Littlefield in 1988 and took the Rowman & Littlefield name for the parent company. Since 2013, there has also been an affiliated company based in London called Rowman & Littlefield International. It is editorially independent and publishes only academic books in Philosophy, Politics & International Relations and Cultural Studies. The company sponsors the Rowman & Littlefield Award in Innovative Teaching, the only national teaching award in political science given in the United States. It is awarded annually by the American Political Science Association for people w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camille Mandrillon
Paul Camille Albert Mandrillon (6 September 1891 – 22 March 1969) was a French biathlete who competed in the early 1920s. At the 1924 Winter Olympics he won the bronze medal in the military patrol event, together with his younger brother Maurice; he was also the flag bearer of the French delegation, and took the Olympic Oath, the first for the Winter Olympics The Winter Olympic Games (), also known as the Winter Olympics, is a major international multi-sport event held once every four years for sports practiced on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were held i .... Sports Reference.com References External links [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
