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Olgunia
''Olgunia'' is an extinct genus of colonial, sponge-like organisms from the late Ediacaran of the Russia, and is the namesake of the family Olgunidae. It is a monotypic genus, containing only ''Olgunia bondarenkoae''. Discovery and name The holotype material, and accompanying material, of ''Olgunia'' was found in the Erga Beds of the Mezen Formation, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, and formally described and named in 2025. The generic name ''Olgunia'', and specific name ''bondarenkoae'' are derived from the Latinised forename and surname of Olga Borisovna Bondarenko, who is an associate professor at the Department of Paleontology at Lomonosov Moscow State University, known researcher on Paleozoic heliolitid corals, and also a teacher to the author that described the fossil material. Description ''Olgunia bondarenkoae'' consists of a grouping of oval, saccular bodies, which grow up to a maximum length of , and a width of . These are suggested to have stood up above the surfa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olgunidae
Olgunidae is an extinct family from the Ediacaran, with possible relations to the phylum Porifera. They lived from around 557 to 551 Ma, with the type species being '' Olgunia''. Description Olgunids have tubular to sac-like bodies, with sizes ranging from to in height, which are made up of segments/partitions with regular to irregular spacing and sizes, and stand tall from the seafloor, with some genera having dichotomous branching, although a recent study done on one of the olgunid members, '' Funisia'', has noted that branching is only observed in a single specimen, and may have been the result of nonlethal damage, and recovering from said damage. They also all bear small disks at their bases, allowing them to attach to the surface of the substrate. They are also noted be colonial in nature, being found in small to large groups, although specimens of one of the members, '' Vaveliksia'', is more commonly found solitary. ''Funisia'' is noted to also show signs of sexual rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Funisia
''Funisisa'' is a genus of extinct, colonial sponge-like organisms from the late Ediacaran of South Australia. It is a monotypic genus, containing only ''Funisisa dorothea''. Discovery and naming The fossil material of ''Funisia'' was found in the Ediacara Member of the Rawnsley Quartzite, Nilpena Ediacara National Park, South Australia in 2007, and formally described and named in 2008. The generic name ''Funisia'' is after the Latin "rope", and is pronounced to rhyme with Tunisia. The name ''dorothea'' is in honour of Dorothy Droser, the mother of Mary L. Droser, one of the scientists who studied the organism. Description ''Funisia'' was a nonmotile organism resembling an upright worm that stood about tall. Source: University of California - Riverside via physorg.com Because individuals grew in dense collections of animals the same age, it is believed to have reproduced sexually, as well as reproduced by budding like modern sponges and corals. Although the evolution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Ediacaran Genera
The existence of life, especially that of animals, before the Cambrian had long been the subject of debate in paleontology. The apparent suddenness of the Cambrian explosion had no firm explanation, and Charles Darwin himself recognized the challenge it posed for his theory of evolution. While reports of Precambrian organisms have been made since Alexander Murray's 1868 discovery of ''Aspidella'', it wasn't until the discovery of ''Charnia'' in 1956 that considerable evidence of Precambrian life had been presented. The period immediately preceding the Cambrian, the Ediacaran, is now widely accepted of containing animal life. It spans from 635 to 540 million years ago, and covers approximately 2% of Earth's history. Taxonomists have purported a total of 245 described genera from the Ediacaran, 162 of which are accepted as valid. Key * Valid genus - Genera that are accepted by the scientific community * Synonym (taxonomy), Junior synonym - Alternative name for an already existi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaveliksia
''Vaveliksia'' is an extinct genus of Ediacaran Sponge-like organism with a long, tubular-shaped body and a attachment disk similar to that of Petalonamids. The ''Vaveliksia'' genus contained two species, ''Vaveliksia velikanovi'' (which honours Vyacheslav A. Velikanov, a Ukrainian geologist) as well as ''Vaveliksia vana'' (with "vana" meaning ''incorporeal in Latin''). The two species vary in appearance to one another, with ''V. velikanovi'' having a more tubular-shaped, sack-like morphology with a crown of wrinkles on top of one of its ends as well as possessing a much more disk-like holdfast with ''V. vana'' having an appearance more similar to that of a Poriferan, with ''V. vana'' having a much more dome-shaped holdfast and a capsule-like body with no crown of wrinkles unlike ''V. velikanovi''. Etymology The generic epithet ''Vaveliksia'' and specific epithet of the type species ''V. velikanovi'' honor the Ukrainian geologist, Vyacheslav A. Velikanov. The specific epithet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ediacaran
The Ediacaran ( ) is a geological period of the Neoproterozoic geologic era, Era that spans 96 million years from the end of the Cryogenian Period at 635 Million years ago, Mya to the beginning of the Cambrian Period at 538.8 Mya. It is the last period of the Proterozoic geologic eon, Eon as well as the last of the so-called "Precambrian supereon", before the beginning of the subsequent Cambrian Period marks the start of the Phanerozoic Eon, where recognizable fossil evidence of life becomes common. The Ediacaran Period is named after the Ediacara Hills of South Australia, where trace fossils of a diverse community of previously unrecognized lifeforms (later named the Ediacaran biota) were first discovered by geologist Reg Sprigg in 1946. Its status as an official geological period was ratified in 2004 by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), making it the first new geological period declared in 120 years. Although the period took namesake from the Ediacara Hills ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Sponge Genera
Prehistory, also called pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the first known use of stone tools by hominins million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing having spread to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. It is based on an old conception of history that without written records there could be no history. The most common conception today is that history is based on evidence, however the concept of prehistory hasn't been completely discarded. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enigmatic Prehistoric Animal Genera
Enigmatic is an adjective meaning "mysterious" or "puzzling". It may also refer to: * ''Enigmatic'' (album), a 1970 album by Czesław Niemen * '' Enigmatic: Calling'', a 2005 album by Norwegian progressive metal band Pagan's Mind * Enigmatic scale, musical scale used by Verdi and others * "The Enigmatic", a song by Joe Satriani on the album '' Not of This Earth'' See also * Enigmatic leaf turtle, a species of Asian leaf turtle * Enigmatic moray eel, a species found in the Pacific and Indian Oceans * ''Glaresis ''Glaresis'' is a genus of beetles, sometimes called "Enigmatic scarab beetles", in its own family, Glaresidae. It is closely related to, and was formerly included in, the family Scarabaeidae. Although its members occur in arid and sandy areas wo ...'', a genus of beetles sometimes called "enigmatic scarab beetles" * Enigma (other) {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fan (machine)
A fan is a powered machine that creates airflow. A fan consists of rotating vanes or blades, generally made of wood, plastic, or metal, which act on the air. The rotating assembly of blades and hub is known as an ''impeller'', ''Rotor (electric), rotor'', or ''runner''. Usually, it is contained within some form of housing, or case. This may direct the airflow, or increase safety by preventing objects from contacting the fan blades. Most fans are powered by electric motors, but other sources of power may be used, including hydraulic motors, handcranks, and internal combustion engines. Mechanically, a fan can be any revolving wikt:vane#English, vane, or vanes used for producing air current, currents of air. Fans produce air flows with high volume and low pressure (although higher than ambient pressure), as opposed to gas compressor, compressors which produce high pressures at a comparatively low volume. A fan blade will often rotate when exposed to an air-fluid stream, and devices ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandstone
Sandstone is a Clastic rock#Sedimentary clastic rocks, clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of grain size, sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate mineral, silicate grains, Cementation (geology), cemented together by another mineral. Sandstones comprise about 20–25% of all sedimentary rocks. Most sandstone is composed of quartz or feldspar, because they are the most resistant minerals to the weathering processes at the Earth's surface. Like uncemented sand, sandstone may be imparted any color by impurities within the minerals, but the most common colors are tan, brown, yellow, red, grey, pink, white, and black. Because sandstone beds can form highly visible cliffs and other topography, topographic features, certain colors of sandstone have become strongly identified with certain regions, such as the red rock deserts of Arches National Park and other areas of the Southwestern United States, American Southwest. Rock formations composed of sandstone usually allow the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabulate
Tabulata, commonly known as tabulate corals, is a class of extinct corals. They are almost always colonial, forming colonies of individual hexagonal cells known as corallites defined by a skeleton of calcite, similar in appearance to a honeycomb. Adjacent cells are joined by small pores. Their distinguishing feature is their well-developed horizontal internal partitions (''tabulae'') within each cell, but reduced or absent vertical internal partitions ( ''septa''). They are usually smaller than rugose corals, but vary considerably in shape, from flat to conical to spherical. Around 300 species have been described. Among the most common tabulate corals in the fossil record are ''Aulopora'', ''Favosites'', ''Halysites'', ''Heliolites'', ''Pleurodictyum'', ''Sarcinula'' and ''Syringopora''. Tabulate corals with massive skeletons often contain endobiotic symbionts, such as cornulitids and ''Chaetosalpinx''. Like rugose corals, they lived entirely during the Paleozoic, being found f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heliolites
''Heliolites'' is a large and heterogenous genus of extinct tabulate corals in the family Heliolitidae. Specimens have been found in Ordovician to Devonian beds in North America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia. The genus is particularly abundant in the Wellin Member of the Hanonet Formation of Belgium. Members of the genus are distinguished by a prominent tubular coenenchyme (the tissue linking neighboring polyps) with 14–17 tubules around each corallite A corallite is the skeletal cup, formed by an individual stony coral polyp, in which the polyp sits and into which it can retract. The cup is composed of aragonite, a crystalline form of calcium carbonate, and is secreted by the polyp. Corallit ... (the stony cup in which each polyp sits.) References Silurian cnidarians Tabulata Prehistoric cnidarian genera Fossil taxa described in 1846 Paleozoic invertebrates of Europe Paleozoic invertebrates of Oceania {{coral-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct
Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and recover. As a species' potential Range (biology), range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxon, Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the Fossil, fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. Over five billion species are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryotes globally, possibly many times more if microorganisms are included. Notable extinct animal species include Dinosaur, non-avian dinosaurs, Machairodontinae, saber-toothed cats, and mammoths. Through evolution, species arise through the process of specia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
