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Older Scots (other)
Older Scots is a distinct historical stage in the development of the Scots language, encompassing its evolution between the 14th and 18th centuries. It is a subfield of study within the wider historical linguistics of Scots. This chronological term is widely used, for example by Scottish Language Dictionaries (formally SNDA),For other examples, see: King, Anne the ''Oxford Companion to the English Language'', and the ''Cambridge History of English and American Literature''. – via Bartleby. The online '''' includes the '' |
Historical Linguistics
Historical linguistics, also known as diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of how languages change over time. It seeks to understand the nature and causes of linguistic change and to trace the evolution of languages. Historical linguistics involves several key areas of study, including the reconstruction of ancestral languages, the classification of languages into families, ( comparative linguistics) and the analysis of the cultural and social influences on language development. This field is grounded in the uniformitarian principle, which posits that the processes of language change observed today were also at work in the past, unless there is clear evidence to suggest otherwise. Historical linguists aim to describe and explain changes in individual languages, explore the history of speech communities, and study the origins and meanings of words ( etymology). Development Modern historical linguistics dates to the late 18th century, having originally grown o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictionary Of The Scots Language
The ''Dictionary of the Scots Language'' (DSL) (, ) is an online Scots– English dictionary run by Dictionaries of the Scots Language. Freely available via the Internet, the work comprises the two major dictionaries of the Scots language: *'' Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue'' (DOST), 12 volumes *'' Scottish National Dictionary'' (SND), 10 volumes The ''DOST'' contains information about Older Scots words in use from the 12th to the end of the 17th centuries ( Early and Middle Scots); SND contains information about Scots words in use from 1700 to the 1970s ( Modern Scots). Together these 22 volumes provide a comprehensive history of Scots. The SND Bibliography and the DOST Register of Titles have also been digitised and can be searched in the same way as the main data files. A new supplement compiled by Scottish Language Dictionaries was added in 2005. History The digitisation project, which ran from February 2001 to January 2004, was based at the University of Dundee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictionary Of The Older Scottish Tongue
The ''Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue'' (DOST) is a 12-volume dictionary that documents the history of the Scots language covering Older Scots from the earliest written evidence in the 12th century until the year 1700. DOST was compiled over a period of some eighty years, from 1931 to 2002. Craigie and Aitken The fundamental principles of editorial policy were established under the authority of the first editor, Sir William Craigie, who was also the third editor of the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (1901–1928) and co-editor of the first ''OED'' Supplement (1933). Craigie was followed by Professor A. J. Aitken, who endorsed Craigie's principles, but he was nonetheless aware that the coverage of the language provided in Volumes I and II still had some room for improvement. He more than doubled the number of source texts read for the dictionary and launched a new reading programme, with more than 50 new voluntary excerptors, reading both printed editions and, mostly on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Scots Language
The history of the Scots language dates from the incursion of Old English into south-eastern Scotland in the 7th century, where it gradually prevailed against Scots Gaelic. The development of Scots as a distinct language was slowed by the incorporation of Scotland into Great Britain in the 17th century, which increased the influence and prestige of English at the expense of Scots. It was also during the 17th century that Scots was introduced to Ireland. Today Scots is spoken by 28% of the population of Scotland and by 2% or 3% of the population of Northern Ireland. Origins Speakers of Northumbrian Old English settled in south-eastern Scotland in the 7th century, at which time Cumbric was spoken in the south of Scotland up to the Forth-Clyde isthmus, and the possibly related Pictish was spoken further north. At the same time Gaelic speakers began to spread from the Western Coast of Scotland north of the Clyde into the east. Over the next five hundred years with the fou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Scots
Early Scots was the emerging literary language of the Early Middle English–speaking parts of Scotland in the period before 1450. The northern forms of Middle English descended from Northumbrian Old English. During this period, speakers referred to the language as "English" (''Inglis'', ''Ynglis'', and variants). Early examples such as Barbour’s '' The Brus'' and Wyntoun’s ''Chronicle'' are better explained as part of Northern Middle English than as isolated forerunners of later Scots, a name first used to describe the ''language'' later in the Middle Scots period. History Northumbrian Old English had been established in south-eastern Scotland as far as the River Forth in the 7th century and largely remained there until the 13th century, which is why in the late 12th century Adam of Dryburgh described his locality as "in the land of the English in the Kingdom of the Scots" and why the early 13th century author of '' de Situ Albanie'' wrote that the Firth of Forth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Scots
Middle Scots was the Anglic language of Lowland Scotland in the period from 1450 to 1700. By the end of the 15th century, its phonology, orthography, accidence, syntax and vocabulary had diverged markedly from Early Scots, which was virtually indistinguishable from early Northumbrian Middle English. Subsequently, the orthography of Middle Scots differed from that of the emerging Early Modern English standard that was being used in England. Middle Scots was fairly uniform throughout its many texts, albeit with some variation due to the use of Romance forms in translations from Latin or French, turns of phrases and grammar in recensions of southern texts influenced by southern forms, misunderstandings and mistakes made by foreign printers. History The now established Stewart identification with the lowland language had finally secured the division of Scotland into two parts, the Gaelic Highlands and the Anglic Lowlands. The adherence of many Highlanders to the Catholi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
