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Oeneis Tanana
''Oeneis tanana'' is a species of butterfly, a member of the Satyrinae. It occurs in Alaska, and is believed to be the only endemic species of butterfly in the state. It is speculated to be a hybrid species of ''Oeneis bore'' and '' O. chryxus''. The species is threatened due to habitat loss. Range and habitat It occurs only in the Tanana River valley area of Alaska. This valley, or part of it, was a glacial refugium A glacial refugium (''plural refugia'') is a geographic region which made possible the survival of flora and fauna in times of ice ages and allowed for post-glacial re-colonization. Different types of glacial refugia can be distinguished, namely nun ... during the last ice age. ''O. tanana'' inhabits clearings in boreal spruce forests. Larval foods Speculated to be grasses and sedges. Adult foods Unknown, but related species sip nectar. Life cycle Adults are on the wing between mid May and early July, but mostly mid June. It takes two seasonal cycles for the cate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satyrinae
The Satyrinae, the satyrines or satyrids, commonly known as the browns, are a subfamily of the Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies). They were formerly considered a distinct family, Satyridae. This group contains nearly half of the known diversity of brush-footed butterflies. The true number of the Satyrinae species is estimated to exceed 2,400. Overview They are generally weak fliers and often shun bright sunlight, preferring moist and semishaded habitats. The caterpillars feed chiefly on monocotyledonous plants such as palms, grasses, and bamboos. The Morphinae are sometimes united with this group. The taxonomy and systematics of the subfamily are under heavy revision. Much of the early pioneering work of L. D. Miller has helped significantly by creating some sort of order. '' Dyndirus'' (Capronnier, 1874) is a satyrid ''incertae sedis''. Other than this genus, according to the latest studies on the classification of Nymphalidae, all satyrines have been assigned to one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alaska
Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S., it borders the Canadian province of British Columbia and the Yukon territory to the east; it also shares a maritime border with the Russian Federation's Chukotka Autonomous Okrug to the west, just across the Bering Strait. To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas of the Arctic Ocean, while the Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest. Alaska is by far the largest U.S. state by area, comprising more total area than the next three largest states ( Texas, California, and Montana) combined. It represents the seventh-largest subnational division in the world. It is the third-least populous and the most sparsely populated state, but by far the continent's most populous territory located mostly north of the 60th paralle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hybrid Species
Hybrid speciation is a form of speciation where hybridization between two different species leads to a new species, reproductively isolated from the parent species. Previously, reproductive isolation between two species and their parents was thought to be particularly difficult to achieve, and thus hybrid species were thought to be very rare. With DNA analysis becoming more accessible in the 1990s, hybrid speciation has been shown to be a somewhat common phenomenon, particularly in plants. In botanical nomenclature, a hybrid species is also called a nothospecies. Hybrid species are by their nature polyphyletic. Ecology A hybrid may occasionally be better fitted to the local environment than the parental lineage, and as such, natural selection may favor these individuals. If reproductive isolation is subsequently achieved, a separate species may arise. Reproductive isolation may be genetic, ecological, behavioral, spatial, or a combination of these. If reproductive isolation fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oeneis Bore
''Oeneis bore'', the white-veined Arctic or Arctic grayling, is a butterfly, a species of Satyrinae that occurs in North America and Asia. Description The wingspan is 37 to 49 mm. The dorsal view is a dull greyish brown while the females are often tawny. Males have a dark grey node in the centre of the forewing. Subspecies Listed alphabetically: *''O. b. arasaguna'' Austaut, 1911 – eastern Sayan, Transbaikalia? *''O. b. bore'' – Arctic Europe, Arctic Siberia *''O. b. edwardsi'' dos Passos, 1949 – southern Alberta, southern British Columbia, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado *''O. b. fordi'' dos Passos, 1949 – south western Alaska *''O. b. gaspeensis'' dos Passos, 1949 – southern Quebec *''O. b. hanburyi'' Watkins, 1928 – Yukon, Northwest Territories, British Columbia, northern Manitoba *''O. b. mckinleyensis'' dos Passos, 1949 – Alaska *''O. b. pansa'' Christoph, 1893 – Yakutia, Magadan *?''O. b. patrushevae'' Korshunov, 1985 - Siberian tundra *''O. b. taygete'' Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oeneis Chryxus
''Oeneis chryxus'', the chryxus Arctic or brown Arctic, is a butterfly of subfamily Satyrinae found in the far northwest regions of Canada and the United States. The brown Arctic has highly variable colorings, which tend toward light yellow to orange brown wings that help camouflage it against its mountainous rocky habitat. The larvae feed on local grasses and take two years to develop. This longer development period results in flights of adult brown Arctics only once every two years. The butterflies feed on nectar from various plants as their primary food source. The males exhibit lek territoriality by defending desired territories from other males by challenging them to sparring flights for access to females. The females exhibit hilltopping behavior for finding mates, flying from meadows to higher elevated ridges where they are more likely to find males. Climate change, as well as human activity, has been threatening the habitats of this species. Range and habitat The range ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanana River
The Tanana River ( Lower Tanana: Tth'eetoo', Upper Tanana: ''Tth’iitu’ Niign'') is a tributary of the Yukon River in the U.S. state of Alaska. According to linguist and anthropologist William Bright, the name is from the Koyukon (Athabaskan) ''tene no'', ''tenene'', literally "trail river". The river's headwaters are located at the confluence of the Chisana and Nabesna rivers just north of Northway in eastern Alaska. The Tanana flows in a northwest direction from near the border with the Yukon Territory, and laterally along the northern slope of the Alaska Range, roughly paralleled by the Alaska Highway. In central Alaska, it emerges into a lowland marsh region known as the Tanana Valley and passes south of the city of Fairbanks. In the marsh regions it is joined by several large tributaries, including the Nenana (near the city of Nenana) and the Kantishna. It passes the village of Manley Hot Springs and empties into the Yukon near the town of Tanana. Ice on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glacial Refugium
A glacial refugium (''plural refugia'') is a geographic region which made possible the survival of flora and fauna in times of ice ages and allowed for post-glacial re-colonization. Different types of glacial refugia can be distinguished, namely nunatak, peripheral and lowland refugia.Holderegger, R., Thiel-Egenter, C. (2009): A discussion of different types of glacial refugia used in mountain biogeography and phytogeography. Journal of Biogeography 36, 476-480. Glacial refugia have been suggested as a major cause of the patterns of distributions of flora and fauna in both temperate and tropical latitudes. With respect to disjunct populations of modern-day species distributions, especially in birds, doubt has been cast on the validity of such inferences, as much of the differentiation between populations observed today may have occurred before or after their restriction to refugia. In contrast, isolated geographic locales that host one or more critically endangered species (regar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterflies Of North America
This list contains links to lists with the common and scientific names of butterflies of North America north of Mexico. * Papilionidae: swallowtails and parnassians (40 species) ** Parnassiinae: parnassians (3 species) ** Papilioninae: swallowtails (37 species) * Hesperiidae: skippers (300 species) ** Pyrrhopyginae: firetips (1 species) ** Pyrginae: spread-wing skippers (138 species) ** Heteropterinae: skipperlings (7 species) ** Hesperiinae: grass skippers (141 species) ** Megathyminae: giant-skippers (13 species) * Pieridae: whites and sulphurs (70 species) ** Pierinae: whites (29 species) ** Coliadinae: sulphurs (40 species) ** Dismorphiinae: mimic-whites (1 species) * Lycaenidae: gossamer-wings (144 species) ** Miletinae: harvesters (1 species) ** Lycaeninae: coppers (16 species) ** Theclinae: hairstreaks (90 species) ** Polyommatinae: blues (37 species) * Riodinidae: metalmarks (28 species) * Nymphalidae: brush-footed butterflies (233 species) ** Libytheinae: sno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oeneis
''Oeneis'' (the Arctics or graylings) is a butterfly genus of the Satyrinae. All but one of its members are Arctic, sub-Arctic or high-altitude alpine in distribution. Some of the members of the genus are among the butterflies that can get along in the harshest climates of any butterflies. Four species in Europe, more are found in Arctic Russia, Siberia, Mongolia, Arctic North America and the Rocky Mountains. Curiously, there are no observations from Greenland. The development of most species takes two years. Species Listed alphabetically within groups: The ''jutta'' species group: *''Oeneis fulla'' (Eversmann, 1851) *''Oeneis jutta'' (Hübner, 1805–1806) – Baltic grayling or Jutta Arctic *''Oeneis magna'' (Graeser, 1888) *'' Oeneis melissa'' (Fabricius, 1775) – Melissa Arctic *''Oeneis tunga'' (Staudinger, 1894) The ''norna'' species group: *''Oeneis actaeoides'' (Lukhtanov, 1989) *''Oeneis glacialis'' (Moll, 1785) – Alpine grayling *''Oeneis norna'' (Thunberg, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterflies Described In 2016
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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