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Odorrana Macrotympana
''Odorrana'' (commonly known as the odorous frog) is a genus of true frogs (Ranidae) from East Asia and surrounding regions. Many of these frogs inhabit fast-flowing mountain streams, and they typically have a remarkably pointed snout, as evidenced by common names like tip-nosed frog and scientific names like ''nasica'' or ''nasutus'' ("with a nose"). Systematics and taxonomy ''Odorrana'' has a confusing taxonomic and systematic history. Most species placed here were initially placed in ''Rana''. Some were considered to belong in ''Amolops'' and ''Huia'' instead, and yet again others were separated as ''Eburana''. The most extreme proposal was to merge ''Odorrana'' into ''Huia''.Cai ''et al.'' (2007), Stuart (2008) In the early 21st century, molecular phylogenetic studies established that the systematic confusion was due to widespread convergent evolution between ''Amolops'', ''Huia'' and ''Odorrana'', which actually represent quite distinct lineages of Raninae. This necessitat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hose's Frog
__NOTOC__ Hose's frog (''Odorrana hosii'', often misspelled as ''O. hosei'') is a true frog species with a wide range in Southeast Asia. This species was named after zoologist Charles Hose. Its closest living relatives appear to be '' O. chloronota'' which occurs to the north of Hose's frog's range, as well as '' O. livida'' and '' O. morafkai'' with a more limited range in Myanmar and Vietnam, respectively; these four appear to form a close-knit group wherein the northern species are barely closer to each other than Hose's frog is to any of them. Also quite closely related is '' O. megatympanum'', another Vietnamese endemic. Description This frog has a robust body with long, slender legs; males measure 50–60 mm, females 85–100 mm. The dorsal are dark green with brown sides, the ventral are pale, the limbs are marked with dark crossbars. Its finger- and toe-tips bear grooved discs. This frog also have many varians of dorsal colour. Including full green, full brown, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odorrana Absita
''Odorrana absita'' is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is found in southern Laos and central Vietnam. It was originally described in genus ''Huia''. Its type locality is Xe Sap National Biodiversity Conservation Area in southern Laos. Description Adult males in the type series measure and adult females in snout–vent length (based on respectively 2 and 3 specimens). The overall appearance is moderately slender. The head is narrow and the snout is projecting and obtusely pointed; rounded in lateral view. The tympanum is distinct. The finger and toe tips are expanded to discs; the toes are almost fully webbed. Coloration is dorsally beige with light green flecking; there is pinkish wash on upper sides, forelimbs, and lips. Black spotting is present on the dorsal surface of snout tip, lips, upper eyelids, forelimbs, dorsolateral folds, and flanks. Black streaks run below edge of canthus from tip of snout to eye, obliquely from eye to commisure of jaws, and from eye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odorrana Hmongorum
''Odorrana jingdongensis'' is a species of frogs in the family Ranidae. It is known from southern China (western and southern Yunnan, southern Guangxi) and northern Vietnam (Tùng Vài forest in Hà Giang Province and Fansipan in Lào Cai Province), though it quite likely also occurs in the adjacent areas in Laos and in Myanmar. Its name refers to its type locality, Jingdong Yi Autonomous County in Yunnan. Common name Jingdong frog has been coined for it. Description Males measure and females in snout–vent length; on average, adult males measure and adult females in snout–vent length. The tympanum is distinct. The toes are fully webbed and the toe discs are large. The dorsum is scattered with tubercles and large warts. The lips and sides of the head bear white spines. Lips have vertical bars. The dorsum is mostly green with brown and black spots. Habitat and conservation ''Odorrana jingdongensis'' live in and near montane streams (in particular near waterfalls) in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odorrana Grahami
Graham's frog (''Odorrana grahami'') – also known as the diskless-fingered odorous frog – is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is found in China (Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and possibly Hunan) and Vietnam (in Hoàng Liên National Park in the north). Presumably it is also found in Myanmar in areas adjacent to its Chinese distribution area. Habitat Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, temperate grassland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, rivers, and freshwater marshes. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss. Description ''Odorrana grahami'' is a relatively large frog, with males reaching and females in length. The skin secretions of ''Odorrana grahami'' have been subject to biochemical studies, yielding for example antimicrobial peptides Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also called host defence peptides (HDPs) are part of the innate immune response found a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odorrana Daorum
''Amolops daorum'' is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is known from its type locality in the vicinity of Sa Pa in northern Vietnam near the Chinese border, Hong Kong, and Houaphanh Province in eastern Laos; presumably it also occurs the intervening areas. The Hong Kong record is considered suspicious, however. Etymology The specific name ''daorum'' refers to the Dao people of northern Vietnam. Common name Dao frog has been coined for this species. Taxonomy ''Amolops daorum'' was described in 2003 as ''Rana daorum'' based on specimens from northern Vietnam. In 2007, Ohler concluded that it is a junior synonym of ''Amolops mengyangensis'', but this conclusion was challenged by Stuart, Biju, and others who considered it valid as ''Amolops daorum''. As of late 2018, the Amphibian Species of the World and AmphibiaWeb databases recognize ''Amolops daorum'' as a valid species. Meanwhile, placement of this species in the genus '' Odorrana'' appears to have been caused b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odorrana Andersonii
''Odorrana andersonii'' (common names: golden cross band frog, Yunnan odorous frog, Anderson's frog) is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. Location It is found in northeastern India, Upper Myanmar, southwestern China (Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi), northern Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam; records from Laos and Vietnam may refer to another species. They are found in low tree branches and on rocks along shaded rocky streams and large rivers with boulders, in evergreen forests and agricultural areas. Breeds takes place in streams. Characteristics ''Odorrana andersonii'' are relatively large frogs: males grow to a snout–vent length of about and females to . Tadpoles are up to in length. Conservation status ''Odorrana andersonii'' is considered as being of "Least Concern" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ishikawa's Frog
Ishikawa's frog (''Odorrana ishikawae'') is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to Okinawa Island, one of the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. It has been described as the most beautiful frog in Japan. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, and intermittent rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby .... References External links Odorrana Endemic amphibians of Japan Endemic fauna of the Ryukyu Islands Endangered biota of Asia Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Amphibians described in 1901 Taxa named by Leonhard Stejneger {{Ranidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odorrana Chapaensis
''Odorrana chapaensis'' (Vietnam sucker frog or Chapa torrent frog) is a species of frog in the family Ranidae that is found in southern Yunnan in China and in northern Vietnam. It is likely that it also occurs in nearby areas of Laos. ''Odorrana chapaensis'' lives in or near swift-flowing streams at altitudes of . In parts of its range it is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby .... References chapaensis Frogs of China Amphibians of Vietnam Amphibians described in 1937 Taxa named by René Léon Bourret Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Ranidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odorrana Bacboensis
The Tonkin frog (''Odorrana bacboensis'') is a species of frogs in the family Ranidae. It is found in northern Vietnam and in adjacent southern China (Yunnan and Guangxi provinces). The specific name is derived from ''Bac Bo'', the Vietnamese name for northern Vietnam, as the species was first described from there. Description Male Tonkin frogs measure (based on just two specimens) and females in snout–vent length. Skin on the dorsum is shagreened with heavy granulations. The dorsum, flanks, and loreal region are brown with small black spots that get larger on the flanks. The upper and lower lips are creamy yellow with vertical black bars. The venter is creamy white, sometimes with light spotting. The iris is golden, and the margin of pupil has a striking yellow and red border. Reproduction This species probably breeds in the autumn. The male has gular pouches, but the call is unknown. Unusually, the eggs are black, indicating that they are laid in places where they are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basal (evolution)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the ''base'' (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Note that extant taxa that lie on branches connecting directly to the root are not more closely related to the root than any other extant taxa. While there must always be two or more equally "basal" clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank, species diversity, or both. If ''C'' is a basal clade within ''D'' that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within ''D'', ''C'' may be described as ''the'' basal taxon of that rank within ''D''. The concept of a ' key innovation' implies some degree of correlation between evolutionary innovation and diversification. However, such a correlation does not make a given case predicable, so ancestral characters should not be imputed to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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