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Occupation Of Peru
The Chilean occupation of Peru () began on November 2, 1879, with the beginning of the Tarapacá campaign during the War of the Pacific. The Chilean Army successfully defeated the Peruvian Army and occupied the southern Peruvian territories of Tarapacá, Arica and Tacna. By January 1881, the Chilean army had reached Lima, and on January 17 of the same year, the occupation of Lima began. During the occupation, a collaborationist government was established in La Magdalena, known as the Government of La Magdalena (), headed by Francisco García Calderón, that served as the representative government of Peru in order to negotiate the end of the war. After García Calderón's refusal to agree to the territorial transfer of Tarapacá, Arica, and Tacna, he was exiled to Chile along with his wife, where he was pressured again until Lizardo Montero's ''Cry of Montán'', and the establishment of his new government in Cajamarca, known as the Regenerator Government (), which would be recogn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Chile
The flag of Chile consists of two equal-height horizontal bands of white and red, with a blue square the same height as the white band in the canton (flag), canton, which bears a white five-pointed star in its center. It was adopted on 18 October 1817. The Chilean flag is also known in Spanish as ''La Estrella Solitaria'' (''The Lone Star''). It has a 3:2 ratio between length and width, it is divided horizontally into two bands of equal height (the lower being red). The upper area is divided once: into a square (blue), with a single centered white star; and into a rectangle (white), whose lengths are in proportion 1:2. It is in the Flag families#Stars and Stripes, stars and stripes flag family. The star represents Venus, significant to the country's indigenous Mapuches, symbolizing a guide to progress and honor while other interpretations say it refers to an independent state; blue symbolizes the sky and the Pacific Ocean, white is for the snow-covered Andes, and red stands fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Magdalena
Magdalena may refer to: * Magdalena (given name), a feminine given name derived from Mary Magdalene (including a list of persons with the name) Entertainment * Magdalena (comics), an American comic book superheroine * ''Magdalena'' (film), a 1920 Czechoslovak film * ''Magdalena'' (Philippine TV series), a 2012 Philippine drama series * ''Magdalena'' (Mexican TV series), Mexican telenovela * ''Magdalena'' (novel), a Czech novel by Josef Svatopluk Machar Music * '' Magdalena: a Musical Adventure'', a 1948 folk operetta by Heitor Villa-Lobos * ''Magdalena'', a 1983 album by Freddie Aguilar, or the title song * "Magdalena", a song by Brandon Flowers from ''Flamingo'', 2010 * "Magdalena", a song by David Gray from '' Sell, Sell, Sell'', 1996 * "Magdalena", a song by dEUS from '' The Ideal Crash'', 1999 * "Magdalena", a song by Donny Hathaway from '' Extension of a Man'', 1973 * "Magdalena", a song by the Mothers of Invention from ''Just Another Band from L.A.'', 1972 * "Magdalena" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lizardo Montero
Juan Lizardo Montero Flores (May 27, 1832 – February 2, 1905) was a Peruvian military officer and politician who held the provisional Presidency of Peru from 1881 to 1883, replacing President Francisco García Calderón, during the Chilean occupation of Peru that took place as a result of the War of the Pacific. He was also Mayor of Lima for a brief period, in 1879. Montero was a friend and comrade-in-arms of Miguel Grau, Manuel Ferreyros and Aurelio García y García, all of whom were known as the "Four Aces of the Peruvian Navy". Biography Lizardo Montero joined the Peruvian Navy in the decade of 1850. Seven years later, aboard the frigate ''Apurímac'', he supported Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco's coup. Between 1858 and 1862 he travelled to Spain. In 1865, he supported General Mariano Ignacio Prado in his coup d'état against General Juan Antonio Pezet. He was then promoted to the rank of corvette captain and was in command of the Peruvian squad during the conflict with S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco García Calderón
Francisco García Calderón Landa (April 2, 1834 – September 21, 1905) was a lawyer and Provisional President of the Republic of Peru for a short seven-month period in 1881, during the War of the Pacific. García Calderón was a key figure in the final peace accords between Peru and Chile. Later in post-presidential career, in 1892, he was commissioned to arbitrate land disputes between Peru and Ecuador, which centered on the contested provinces of Mainas, Jaén and Tumbes. He was an academic as well, having authored a comprehensive history of the previously-mentioned contested provinces, as well as a monograph on Peruvian legislation titled, ''Diccionario de la Legislación Peruana''. Early life Francisco García Calderón was born in Arequipa on April 2, 1834, as the son of Judge Doctor Eduardo García Calderón y Crespo and Ventura Landa y Guerola. He studied at the Colegio de la Independencia () where he later worked as professor of Philosophy and Mathematics. With hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west, to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country, to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has Demographics of Peru, a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At , Peru is the List of countries and dependencies by area, 19th largest country in the world, and the List of South American countries by area, third largest in South America. Pre-Columbian Peru, Peruvian territory was home to Andean civilizations, several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patricio Lynch
Patricio Javier de los Dolores Lynch y Solo de Zaldívar (18 December 1825 in Valparaíso – 13 May 1886) was a lieutenant in the Royal Navy and a rear admiral in the Chilean Navy, and one of the principal figures of the later stages of the War of the Pacific. He has been nicknamed the "Last Viceroy of Peru", and the Chinese slave-labourers he liberated from the Peruvian haciendas called him the "Red Prince" (; ) because of his red hair. Early years Lynch was born in the port of Valparaíso, Chile, the son of Estanislao Lynch y Roo, a wealthy Argentine merchant resident in Chile and of Carmen Solo de Zaldívar y Rivera. His father, a former Colonel in the Army of the Andes, had settled in Chile from Argentina and was a grandson of Patrick Lynch, an emigrant from Galway to Buenos Aires in the 1740s. His connection to Patrick Lynch makes him a distant relative of Che Guevara. Entering the navy in 1837, at the age of 12, he took part in the Battle of Socabaya in 1838, during t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Lagos
Pedro Lagos Marchant (1832 – 18 January 1884) was a Chilean infantry commander. He is best remembered for commanding the assault and capture of the city of Arica during the War of the Pacific. Early life He was born in Chillán in 1832 to Manuel Lagos y de la Jara and Rosario Marchant. The family moved to the countryside after the 1835 earthquake destroyed the city. Pedro was the first-born of 15 brothers of very poor background, and he started his studies at the first school opened in rebuilt Chillán. Soon afterwards, he continued them at the school founded by the Spaniard, José Martínez. In 1846, at the age of 14, he joined the Military School, where he obtained the rank of 1st Corporal in February 1847. He married his cousin Juana Marchant Lagos, and had a single daughter, Isabel. Military career In March 1849, he enlisted in the Chilean Army with the rank of 2nd Sergeant. He was assigned to the Chacabuco battalion, which rebelled against the government on 29 April ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
