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Oboronia
''Oboronia'' is an Afrotropical genus of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. Species *''Oboronia albicosta'' (Gaede, 1916) *'' Oboronia bueronica'' Karsch, 1895 *''Oboronia guessfeldti'' (Dewitz, 1879) *'' Oboronia liberiana'' Stempffer, 1950 *''Oboronia ornata'' (Mabille, 1890) *''Oboronia pseudopunctatus'' (Strand, 1912) *''Oboronia punctatus ''Oboronia punctatus'', the common ginger white, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria (south and the Cross River loop), Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Cent ...'' (Dewitz, 1879) References Seitz, A. ''Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde'' 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 74 Polyommatini Lycaenidae genera Taxa named by Ferdinand Karsch {{Polyommatini-stub ...
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Oboronia Ornata
''Oboronia ornata'', the untailed ginger white, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Tanzania. The habitat consists of forests and Guinea savanna in riparian vegetation. Both sexes are attracted to a small orange-flowered asteraceous plant without petals. The larvae feed on ''Costus ''Costus'' is a group of herbaceous perennial plants in the family Costaceae, described by Linnaeus as a genus in 1753. It was formerly known as ''Hellenia'' after the Finnish botanist Carl Niclas von Hellens. It is widespread through trop ... fissiligulatus'' and '' C. dubius''. Subspecies * ''Oboronia ornata ornata'' (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria: south and the Cross River loop, western Cameroon) * ''Oboronia ornata flava'' Holland, 1920 (Equatorial Guin ...
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Oboronia Pseudopunctatus
''Oboronia pseudopunctatus'', the light ginger white, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Ghana (the Volta region), Togo, Nigeria (south and the Cross River loop), Cameroon, Bioko, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Equateur, Tshuapa, Mongala, Uele, Sankuru and Lualaba), Uganda (from the western part of the country to Bwamba) and north-western Tanzania. The habitat consists of forests. The larvae feed on ''Costus ''Costus'' is a group of herbaceous perennial plants in the family Costaceae, described by Linnaeus as a genus in 1753. It was formerly known as ''Hellenia'' after the Finnish botanist Carl Niclas von Hellens. It is widespread through trop ...'' species, including '' C. afer''. In Seitz it is described - Very similar to the preceding ('' Oboronia punctatus''), but distinguished by the costal area of the forewing being in the centre not at all and at the base only very slightly dusted dark; the ma ...
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Oboronia Albicosta
''Oboronia albicosta'' is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Equateur, Kinshasa, Sankuru, Lualaba and Kivu), Uganda (from the south-western part of the country to Bwamba) and Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are .... In Seitz it is described - Forewing only at the base feebly dusted with dark, at the distal margin somewhat broader black than '' pseudopunctatus'', more like '' punctatus''. On the hindwing the marginal band is as broad as in ''punctatus'', but the white rings in it are only indistinctly pronounced. Beneath on both wings the black eyespots with white rings are more distinct than in ''punctatus''. On the hindwing all the marginal spots are black, not only that in area 2, which shows blue ...
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Oboronia Punctatus
''Oboronia punctatus'', the common ginger white, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria (south and the Cross River loop), Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, western Uganda and north-western Tanzania. The habitat consists of forests. Adults feed on the flowers of the larval host plant. The larvae feed on ''Costus dubius'' and '' C. afer''. They are associated with the ant species ''Pheidole ''Pheidole'' is a genus of ants that belongs to the ant subfamily Myrmicinae. The genus is widespread and ecologically dominant. It probably includes more than 1000 species. The genus first evolved in the Americas, eventually spreading across t ...'' ''aurivillii'' race ''kasaiensis'' and '' P. rotundata''. References Butterflies described in 1879 Polyommatini Butterflies of Africa Taxa named by Hermann Dewitz {{Polyommatini ...
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Oboronia Bueronica
''Oboronia bueronica'', the ginger blue, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found along the southern coast of Kenya ) , national_anthem = " Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ... and in north-eastern Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. The habitat consists of dense forests. Both sexes are attracted to flowers. The larvae feed on ''Costus'' species. They are associated with very small unidentified dark brown ants. References

Butterflies described in 1895 Polyommatini Butterflies of Africa {{Polyommatini-stub ...
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Oboronia Guessfeldti
''Oboronia guessfeldti'', the Güssfeldt's blue or Güssfeldt's ginger white, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria (south and the Cross River (Nigeria), Cross River loop), Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Uele, Tshopo, Equateur, Sankuru and Lualaba), Uganda, western Kenya and northern Zambia. The habitat consists of drier forests, Guinean forest-savanna mosaic, Guinea savanna and rarely also wet forests. Both sexes are attracted to flowers. The larvae feed on ''Costus'' (including ''Costus dewiveri'') and possibly ''Zingiber'' species. References

Butterflies described in 1879 Polyommatini Butterflies of Africa Taxa named by Hermann Dewitz {{Polyommatini-stub ...
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Oboronia Liberiana
''Oboronia liberiana'', the Liberian ginger white, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Liberia, Ivory Coast and Ghana. The habitat consists of wetter forests. Adults are attracted to the flowers of the larval host plant. The larvae feed on ''Costus afer Afer may refer to: * Afer, an individual of the Afri tribe after which the continent of Africa is probably named * Afer, a Roman cognomen in reference to Africa, used by several people listed below; see also list of Roman cognomina * Afer ventus, ...''. References Butterflies described in 1950 Polyommatini Butterflies of Africa Taxa named by Henri Stempffer {{Polyommatini-stub ...
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Polyommatini
Polyommatini is a tribe of lycaenid butterflies in the subfamily of Polyommatinae. These were extensively studied by Russian novelist and lepidopterist Vladimir Nabokov. Genera Genera in this tribe include: * ''Actizera'' * ''Acytolepis'' * ''Afarsia'' * '' Agriades'' * ''Alpherakya'' * '' Aricia'' – arguses * '' Azanus'' – babul blues * ''Bothrinia'' * '' Brephidium'' * ''Cacyreus'' * ''Caerulea'' * '' Caleta'' * ''Callenya'' * ''Callictita'' * ''Castalius'' – Pierrots * ''Catochrysops'' * ''Catopyrops'' * ''Cebrella'' * '' Celastrina'' * ''Celatoxia'' * ''Chilades'' – jewel blues * ''Cupido'' * ''Cupidopsis'' – meadow blues * ''Cyaniris'' * '' Cyclargus'' * '' Danis'' * ''Discolampa'' * ''Echinargus'' * '' Eicochrysops'' * '' Eldoradina'' * '' Elkalyce'' * '' Epimastidia'' * ''Erysichton'' * ''Euchrysops'' – Cupids * '' Eumedonia'' * ''Euphilotes'' * ''Famegana'' * ''Freyeria'' * ''Glabroculus'' * '' Glaucopsyche'' * '' Grumiana'' * '' Harpe ...
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Ferdinand Karsch
Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch or Karsch-Haack (2 September 1853, in Münster – 20 December 1936, in Berlin) was a German arachnologist, entomologist and anthropologist. The son of a doctor, Karsch was educated at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin and published a thesis on the gall wasp in 1877. From 1878 to 1921 he held the post of curator at the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin. Between 1873 and 1893, he published a catalogue of the spiders of Westphalia; he also published numerous articles on the specimens that the museum received from various explorers and naturalists working in Africa, in China, in Japan, in Australia, etc. This publication of others' work sometimes led to disputes over priority and nomenclature, for example with Pickard-Cambridge. Alongside his zoological activities, he published many works on sexuality and, in particular, homosexuality in both the animal kingdom and in so-called "primitive" peoples, including ''Das gleichgeschlechtliche L ...
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Afrotropical Realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Africa south of the Sahara Desert, the majority of the Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, southern Iran and extreme southwestern Pakistan, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region. Major ecological regions Most of the Afrotropic, with the exception of Africa's southern tip, has a tropical climate. A broad belt of deserts, including the Atlantic and Sahara deserts of northern Africa and the Arabian Desert of the Arabian Peninsula, separate the Afrotropic from the Palearctic realm, which includes northern Africa and temperate Eurasia. Sahel and Sudan South of the Sahara, two belts of tropical grassland and savanna run east and west across the continent, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ethiopian Highlands. Immediately south of the Sahara lies the Sahel belt, a transitional zone of semi-arid short grassland and vach ...
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Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. '' Panthera leo'' (lion) and '' Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should c ...
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Butterfly
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it fli ...
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