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National Assembly (Hungary)
The National Assembly ( hu, Országgyűlés, lit=Country Assembly) is the parliament of Hungary. The unicameral body consists of 199 (386 between 1990 and 2014) members elected to 4-year terms. Election of members is done using a semi-proportional representation: a mixed-member majoritarian representation with partial compensation via transfer votes and mixed single vote; involving single-member districts and one list vote; parties must win at least 5% of the popular vote in order to gain list seats assembly. The Assembly includes 25 standing committees to debate and report on introduced bills and to supervise the activities of the ministers. The Constitutional Court of Hungary has the right to challenge legislation on the grounds of constitutionality. The assembly has met in the Hungarian Parliament Building in Budapest since 1902. The current members are the members of the National Assembly of Hungary (2022–2026). History The Diet of Hungary ( hu, Országgyűlés) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unicameralism
Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature, which consists of one house or assembly, that legislates and votes as one. Unicameral legislatures exist when there is no widely perceived need for multicameralism ( two or more chambers). Many multicameral legislatures were created to give separate voices to different sectors of society. Multiple houses allowed, for example, for a guaranteed representation of different social classes (as in the Parliament of the United Kingdom or the French States-General). Sometimes, as in New Zealand and Denmark, unicameralism comes about through the abolition of one of two bicameral chambers, or, as in Sweden, through the merger of the two chambers into a single one, while in others a second chamber has never existed from the beginning. Rationale for unicameralism and criticism The principal advantage of a unicameral system is more efficient lawmaking, as the legislative process is simpler and ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
István Simicskó
István Simicskó (born 29 November 1961) is a Hungarian politician of the governing Fidesz–KDNP coalition. He has been a Member of the National Assembly since 1998. He served as Minister of Defence from 10 September 2015 to 18 May 2018. Studies and personal life Simicskó was born in Tiszalök, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County on 29 November 1961. He finished his secondary studies at the Jedlik Ányos Secondary Grammar School of Csepel in 1980. He earned a degree in business economics at the College of Commerce, Catering and Tourism in 1985. Between 1999 and 2002, he was educated at the Eötvös Loránd University, where he became a Doctor of law. Simicskó obtained his PhD degree (military sciences) at the Zrínyi Miklós National Defence University (by now integrated into the National University of Public Service) in 2009. Simicskó is married and father of three children. He had been a member of the Hungarian Association of Military Science (MHTT) since 1993. He is also i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scorporo
''Scorporo'' (, ) is a partially compensatory, mixed-member majoritarian electoral system, sometimes referred to as a negative vote transfer system (NVT) whereby a portion of members are elected in single-member districts (SMDs) and a portion are elected from a list. It may be fully defined as a parallel voting system which excludes a portion (up to 100%) of the SMD winners' votes in electing the proportional tier, to result in a more proportional outcome. The exclusion of a portion of the SMD winners' votes is what makes scorporo fundamentally different from parallel voting and somewhat closer to mixed member proportional representation, and thereby between the two in terms of proportionality. The system is only known to have been used in Italy and for a portion of the compensatory tier of the National Assembly of Hungary. Use in Italy Scorporo was in force for elections to the bicameral Parliament of Italy based on Law 277/1993 from 1993 to 2005. Under this system, members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Politician
An independent or non-partisan politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or bureaucratic association. There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent. Some politicians have political views that do not align with the platforms of any political party, and therefore choose not to affiliate with them. Some independent politicians may be associated with a party, perhaps as former members of it, or else have views that align with it, but choose not to stand in its name, or are unable to do so because the party in question has selected another candidate. Others may belong to or support a political party at the national level but believe they should not formally represent it (and thus be subject to its policies) at another level. In running for public office, independents sometimes choose to form a party or alliance with other independents, and may formally register their party or alliance. Even where the word "independent" is used, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LMP – Hungary's Green Party
LMP – Hungary's Green Party ( hu, LMP – Magyarország Zöld Pártja, Greens, between 2009 and 2020: ''Politics Can Be Different,'' hu, Lehet Más a Politika, LMP) is a green-liberal political party in Hungary. Founded in 2009, it was one of four parties to win seats in the National Assembly in the 2010 parliamentary election. The party is a member of the European Green Party. History Foundation and electoral success The party was preceded by a non-governmental organization social initiative founded in 2008, with the purpose of reforming Hungarian politics. LMP shares common ideologies with most green parties. Key issues are environmental protection, sustainable development and the fight against corruption in the current political elite. LMP highlights what they see as the pointlessness of the current partisan division between the left and right-wing forces, and their principle is deliberative democracy, which they believe decreases the distance between the people and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dialogue For Hungary
Dialogue for Hungary ( hu, Párbeszéd Magyarországért, Párbeszéd or PM), also known in its shortened form Dialogue since September 2016, is a green political party in Hungary that was formed in February 2013 by eight MPs who left the Politics Can Be Different (LMP) party. History The Dialogue for Hungary party had formed a coalition with the Together 2014 party; together, they won four seats in the national assembly and one seat in the European Parliament. Dialogue for Hungary took one seat from the four in the Hungarian parliament and has one representative in Brussels. On 24 August 2016, spokesperson Bence Tordai announced that the shortened form of the party's name would change to "Dialogue". In September 2016, the party's logo was changed to Párbeszéd (Dialogue), instead of "PM" by removing the word Hungary. In the spring of 2018 the party formed an alliance with the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP). In the 2019 local elections the party's chairman Gergely Kará ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jobbik
The Movement for a Better Hungary ( hu, Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom), commonly known as Jobbik (), is a conservative political party in Hungary. Originating with radical and nationalist roots, at its beginnings, the party described itself as "a principled, conservative and radically patriotic Christian party", whose "fundamental purpose" is the protection of "Hungarian values and interests." In 2014, the party was described as an "anti-Semitic organization" by ''The Independent'' and a "neo-Nazi party" by the president of the European Jewish Congress. From 2015 to 2020, the party started to re-define itself as a more moderate conservative people's party and changed the controversial elements of its communication, culminating with its new declaration of principles now defining itself as a centre-right, pro-European party with some residual moderated nationalist tendencies (the position previously occupied by Fidesz). According to the party's "Declaration of Principles", Job ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Socialist Party
The Hungarian Socialist Party ( hu, Magyar Szocialista Párt), commonly known by its acronym MSZP, is a centre-left social-democratic and pro-European political party in Hungary. It was founded on 7 October, 1989 as a post-communist evolution and one of two legal successors of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (MSZMP). Along with its conservative rival Fidesz, MSZP was one of the two most dominant parties in Hungarian politics until 2010; however, the party lost much of its popular support as a result of the Őszöd speech, the consequent 2006 protests, and then the 2008 financial crisis. Following the 2010 election, MSZP became the largest opposition party in parliament, a position it held until 2018, when it was overtaken by the right-wing Jobbik. History The MSZP evolved from the communist Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (or MSZMP), which ruled Hungary between 1956 and 1989. By the summer of 1989, the MSZMP was no longer a Marxist–Leninist party, and had bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Momentum Movement
) , ideology = , website = , country = Hungary , native_name = Momentum Mozgalom , split = , position = Centre , international = Liberal International (Observer) , european = Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe , national = United for Hungary , europarl = Renew Europe , colours = Purple , flag = , membership = 4,000 , seats1 = , seats1_title = National Assembly , seats2 = , seats2_title = European Parliament , seats3 = , seats3_title = County Assemblies , seats4 = , seats4_title = General Assembly of Budapest , leader3_name = Márton Tompos , leader3_title = Spokesperson , leader2_name = Katalin Cseh Márton Ilyés János Kele Gábor Kerpel-Fronius Edvin Mihálik Anikó Paróczai , leader2_title = Executive Board Members , youth_wing = Momentum TizenX M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United For Hungary
United for Hungary ( hu, Egységben Magyarországért) is a political alliance in Hungary that was formed to compete in the 2022 parliamentary election. History The need for collaboration The need for opposition cooperation stems from the characteristics of the latest electoral system, the diversity of opposition parties, and the game-theoretic characteristics of human behavior: # a single round, plurality voting system introduced in 2011 delegates the most supported district candidate to parliament, even if his or her support is actually below 50%, only the other candidates received even less support individually. This is identical in the United Kingdom, however in Hungary, the electoral system was adopted and therefore districts were created solely by the ruling parties, and many consider the districts to be gerrymandered in their favour. # due to the unity of the right-wing ruling parties (Fidesz–KDNP) and the multiplicity of opposition parties, and without opposition co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opposition (politics)
In politics, the opposition comprises one or more political parties or other organized groups that are opposed, primarily ideologically, to the government (or, in American English, the administration), party or group in political control of a city, region, state, country or other political body. The degree of opposition varies according to political conditions. For example, in authoritarian and democratic systems, opposition may be respectively repressed or desired. See also * His Majesty's loyal opposition (other) * Leader of the Opposition * Parliamentary opposition * Political dissent Political dissent is a dissatisfaction with or opposition to the policies of a governing body. Expressions of dissent may take forms from vocal disagreement to civil disobedience to the use of violence. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imre Ritter
Imre Ritter (german: Emmerich Ritter; born 5 August 1952) is a Hungarian mathematician, auditor, tax consultant, politician and MP for the National Self-Government of Germans in Hungary (MNOÖ). Between 2011 and 2014, he was the Vice-President of the National Self-Government of Germans in Hungary, and since 2014 the first national advocate of the German minority in the National Assembly. Life and profession Ritter went to elementary school in his hometown, Budaörs, then graduated from the ''Fényes Elek Secondary School of Economics'' in Budapest. He was then admitted to the Karl Marx University of Economics where he graduated in 1976. He was employed at the Budapest Transport Company (BKV), where he initially worked as an economist and then became the economic deputy director. Meanwhile, he studied at the Eötvös Loránd University applied mathematics and earned his degree in 1982. In 1990 he left BKV when he founded his own accountancy and tax advisory office (the latter qua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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