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Nyssaceae
Nyssaceae is a family of flowering trees sometimes included in the dogwood family (Cornaceae). Nyssaceae is composed of 37 known species in the following five genera:Averyanov, L. V. & Hiep, N. T. (2002). ''Diplopanax vietnamensis'', a New Species of Nyssaceae from Vietnam – One More Living Representative of the Tertiary Flora of Eurasia. ''Novon'' 12: 433–436. Availablonline (pdf)/ref> *''Camptotheca'', the happy trees: two species in China *'' Davidia'', the dove tree, handkerchief tree, or ghost tree: one species in central China *''Diplopanax'': two species in southern China and Vietnam *''Mastixia'': about nineteen species in Southeast Asia *'' Nyssa'', the tupelos: about 7–10 species in eastern North America and East to Southeast Asia Among the extinct genera of the family are '' Mastixicarpum'', very similar to ''Diplopanax'', and '' Tsukada'', an extinct relative of ''Davidia''. In some treatments, ''Davidia'' is split off into its own family, the Davidiaceae. ''D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsukada Davidiifolia
''Tsukada'' is an extinct genus of flowering plant in the family Nyssaceae related to the modern "dove-tree", '' Davidia involucrata'', containing the single species ''Tsukada davidiifolia''. The genus is known from fossil leaves found in the early Eocene deposits of northern Washington state, United States and a similar aged formation in British Columbia, Canada. Discovery ''Tsukada'' leaf fossils have been identified from two locations in Western North America, the 49 million year old Klondike Mountain Formation near Republic, Washington and at the One Mile Creek locality near Princeton, British Columbia. Fossil pollen identified as from the Nyssaceae genus ''Nyssa'' has been identified from the related Okanagan Highlands Hat Creek Amber in central British Columbia. Ages for the Okanagan Highland locations are, in general, Early Eocene, with the sites that have current uranium-lead or argon–argon radiometric dates being of Ypresian age, while the undated sites or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplopanax
''Diplopanax'' is a genus of flowering trees placed in the family Cornaceae or Nyssaceae. Its two known extant species inhabit the wet tropical mountains of Vietnam and southern China. They are broad-leaved evergreen trees with woody fruits and white or yellow flowers. ''Diplopanax'' was originally described from only one species, ''D. stachyanthus'', and placed in the family Araliaceae, but this species was later discovered to be congeneric with '' Mastixicarpum'', a genus of flowering plants known only from fossils and assumed extinct since the Pliocene.Eyde, R. H., and Xiang, Q. Y. (1990). Fossil mastixioid (Cornaceae) alive in eastern Asia. ''American Journal of Botany'' 77, 689-692. (This makes ''Mastixicarpum'' an example of a Lazarus genus.) One additional species (''D. vietnamensis D. or d. may refer to, usually as an abbreviation: * Don (honorific), a form of address in Spain, Portugal, Italy, and their former overseas empires, usually given to nobles or other in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Davidia (plant)
''Davidia involucrata'', the dove-tree, handkerchief tree, pocket handkerchief tree, or ghost tree, is a medium-sized deciduous tree in the family Nyssaceae. It is the only living species in the genus ''Davidia''. It was previously included with tupelos in the dogwood family, Cornaceae. Fossil species are known extending into the Upper Cretaceous. Taxonomy ''Davidia involucrata'' is the only member of its genus, but there are two varieties differing slightly in their leaves, ''D. involucrata'' var. ''involucrata'', which has the leaves thinly pubescent (short-haired) on the underside, and ''D. involucrata'' var. ''vilmoriniana'', with glabrous (hairless) leaves. Some botanists treat them as distinct species, with good reason, as the two taxa have differing chromosome numbers so are unable to produce fertile hybrid offspring. Description It is a moderately fast-growing tree, growing to in height, with toothed, alternate, ovate-cordate leaves resembling those of a li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mastixia
''Mastixia'' is a genus of about 19 species of resinous evergreen trees, usually placed in the family Cornaceae. Its range extends from India through Southeast Asia and New Guinea to the Solomon Islands. ''Mastixia'' species have alternate or opposite simple broad leaves, many-flowered inflorescences, and blue to purple drupaceous fruits. The classification of ''Mastixia'' is inconsistent due to continuing investigation into its phylogenetic relationships. Although generally placed in Cornaceae, it has also been associated with the family Nyssaceae, when that family is removed from Cornaceae. ''Mastixia'' is also sometimes separated, along with the genus ''Diplopanax'', into the family Mastixiaceae. Fruits of this genus are common Paleocene fossils. Species the '' World Checklist of Selected Plant Families'' and ''The Plant List'' recognise about 30 accepted taxa (of species and infraspecific names). * ''Mastixia arborea'' ** subsp. ''macrophylla'' ** subsp. ''me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nyssa (plant)
Tupelo , genus ''Nyssa'' , is a small genus of deciduous trees with alternate, simple leaves. It is sometimes included in the subfamily Nyssoideae of the dogwood family, Cornaceae, but is placed by other authorities in the family Nyssaceae. In the APG IV system, it is placed in Nyssaceae. Most ''Nyssa'' species are highly tolerant of wet soils and flooding, and some need such environments as habitat. Some of the species are native to eastern North America, from southeastern Canada through the Eastern United States to Mexico and Central America. Other species are found in eastern and southeastern Asia, from China south through Indochina to Java and southwest to the Himalayas. Names The genus name ''Nyssa'' refers to a Greek water nymph. The name tupelo, the common name used for ''Nyssa'', is of Native American origin, coming from the Cree words ''ito'' 'tree' and ''opilwa'' 'swamp'; it was in use by the mid-18th century. This tree should not be confused wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camptotheca
''Camptotheca'' (happy tree, cancer tree, or tree of life) is a genus of medium-sized deciduous trees growing to tall, native to southern China and Tibet. The genus is usually included in the tupelo family Nyssaceae, but sometimes included (with the tupelos) in the dogwood family Cornaceae. The name "happy tree" is a direct translation of the Chinese name xǐ shù ( Simplified Chinese:喜树). There are two species: *''Camptotheca acuminata'' Decne. *'' Camptotheca lowreyana'' S.Y.Li The bark and stems of ''C. acuminata'' contain the alkaloid camptothecin. Several chemical derivatives of camptothecin are under investigation for or used as drugs for cancer treatment, including irinotecan, topotecan Topotecan, sold under the brand name Hycamtin among others, is a chemotherapeutic agent medication that is a topoisomerase inhibitor. It is a synthetic, water-soluble analog of the natural chemical compound camptothecin. It is used in the for ..., rubitecan. ''C. ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornaceae
The Cornaceae are a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants in the order Cornales. The family contains approximately 85 species in two genera, '' Alangium'' and '' Cornus''. They are mostly trees and shrubs, which may be deciduous or evergreen, although a few species are perennial herbs. Members of the family usually have opposite or alternate simple leaves, four- or five-parted flowers clustered in inflorescences or pseudanthia, and drupaceous fruits.Kubitzki, K. (2004). Cornaceae. In ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants Volume 6: Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons: Celastrales, Oxidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales'' (Kubitzki, ed.). Springer-Verlag, New York. The family is primarily distributed in northern temperate regions and tropical Asia. In northern temperate areas, Cornaceae are well known from the dogwoods '' Cornus''. The systematics of Cornaceae has been remarkably unsettled and controversial, and many genera have been added to it and removed from it over time. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
APG III System
The APG III system of flowering plant classification is the third version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). Published in 2009, it was superseded in 2016 by a further revision, the APG IV system. Along with the publication outlining the new system, there were two accompanying publications in the same issue of the Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society: * The first, by Chase & Reveal, was a formal phylogenetic classification of all land plants (embryophytes), compatible with the APG III classification. As the APG have chosen to eschew ranks above order, this paper was meant to fit the system into the existing Linnaean hierarchy for those that prefer such a classification. The result was that all land plants were placed in the class Equisetopsida, which was then divided into 16 subclasses and a multitude of superorders. * The second, by Haston ''et al.'', was a linear sequence of families foll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the taxonomy of flowering plants (angiosperms) that reflects new knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. , four incremental versions of a classification system have resulted from this collaboration, published in 1998, 2003, 2009 and 2016. An important motivation for the group was what they considered deficiencies in prior angiosperm classifications since they were not based on monophyletic groups (i.e., groups that include all the descendants of a common ancestor). APG publications are increasingly influential, with a number of major herbaria changing the arrangement of their collections to match the latest APG system. Angiosperm classification and the APG In the past, classification systems were typically produced by an individual botanist or by a small group. The result was a large number of systems ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
APG IV System
The APG IV system of flowering plant classification is the fourth version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy for flowering plants (angiosperms) being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). It was published in 2016, seven years after its predecessor the APG III system was published in 2009, and 18 years after the first APG system was published in 1998. In 2009, a linear arrangement of the system was published separately; the APG IV paper includes such an arrangement, cross-referenced to the 2009 one. Compared to the APG III system, the APG IV system recognizes five new orders ( Boraginales, Dilleniales, Icacinales, Metteniusales and Vahliales), along with some new families, making a total of 64 angiosperm orders and 416 families. In general, the authors describe their philosophy as "conservative", based on making changes from APG III only where "a well-supported need" has been demonstrated. This has sometimes resulted in placements that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and Borders of China, borders fourteen countries by land, the List of countries and territories by land borders, most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces of China, provinces, five autonomous regions of China, autonomous regions, four direct-administered municipalities of China, municipalities, and two special administrative regions of China, Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the List of cities in China by population, most populous cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_Cornus_sanguinea_-_Inflorescence.jpg "Click for more on -> Cornaceae")
