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Nuttalliella
''Nuttalliella'' is genus of tick. It contains a single living species, ''Nuttalliella namaqua'' found in southern Africa, having been reported from Tanzania, Namibia and South Africa. The genus is placed in its own family, Nuttalliellidae. It can be distinguished from ixodid ticks and argasid ticks by a combination of characteristics including the position of the stigmata, lack of setae, strongly corrugated integument, and form of the fenestrated plates. It is the most basal lineage of living ticks. History of research The first description by G.A.H. Bedford in 1931 was based upon a single female collected under a stone at Kamieskroon, in Little Namaqualand, by Dr R.F. Lawrence in October 1930. (1931):''Nuttalliella namaqua'', a new genus and species of tick. ''Parasitology'' 23 (2): 230-232. The genus and family were named for the bacteriologist George Nuttall, a specialist in diseases transmitted by ticks. The species was recognised as distinctive enough to warrant i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tick
Ticks are parasitic arachnids of the order Ixodida. They are part of the mite superorder Parasitiformes. Adult ticks are approximately 3 to 5 mm in length depending on age, sex, and species, but can become larger when engorged. Ticks are external parasites, living by feeding on the blood of mammals, birds, and sometimes reptiles and amphibians. The timing of the origin of ticks is uncertain, though the oldest known tick fossils are around 100 million years old, and come from the Cretaceous period. Ticks are widely distributed around the world, especially in warm, humid climates. Ticks belong to two major families: the Ixodidae, or hard ticks, and the Argasidae, or soft ticks. '' Nuttalliella'', a genus of tick from southern Africa, is the only member of the family Nuttalliellidae, and represents the most primitive living lineage of ticks. Adults have ovoid/pear-shaped bodies (idiosomas) which become engorged with blood when they feed, and eight legs. Their cephalotho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deinocroton
''Deinocroton'' is an extinct genus of tick. It is known from four species found in Burmese amber, dating to the earliest part of the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous, around 99 million years ago. Taxonomy Four species have been named, including the type ''D. draculi'', ''D. copia, D. bicornis'' and ''D. lacrimus'' all from Burmese amber, which dates to the late Albian-early Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period, around 100 million years ago. The genus is suggested to be more closely related to ''Nuttalliella'' than to the two major living families of ticks, which is supported by the anatomy of its leg joints. While originally placed in its own family Deinocrotonidae, a 2024 study suggested that it should be placed into Nuttalliellidae, along with ''Nuttalliella'' and the extinct genus '' Legionaris'' also known from Burmese amber''.'' Etymology The name of the genus ''Deinocroton'' is composed of two words from the ancient Greek "deinos", "terrible", and "krotṓ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Nuttall
George Henry Falkiner Nuttall Royal Society, FRS (5 July 1862 – 16 December 1937) was an American-British bacteriologist who contributed much to the knowledge of parasitism, parasites and of insect carriers of diseases. He made significant innovative discoveries in immunology, about life under aseptic conditions, in blood chemistry, and about diseases transmitted by arthropods, especially ticks. He carried out investigations into the distribution of anopheles, Anopheline mosquitoes in England in relation to the previous prevalence of malaria there. With William H. Welch, William Welch he identified the organism responsible for causing gas gangrene. Life Nuttall was born in San Francisco, California, San Francisco, the second of three sons and two daughters of Robert Kennedy Nuttall, a British doctor who had migrated to San Francisco in 1850, and Magdalena, daughter of John Parrott of San Francisco. In 1865 the family moved to Europe. The children were educated in England, Franc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerald Augustus Harold Bedford
Gerald Augustus Harold Bedford ( – ) was a British entomologist of the 20th century who specialised in ticks from South Africa. He first worked at the British Museum of Natural History with F.V. Theobald and then was nominated as entomologist at the ''Onderstepoort Veterinary Laboratory'' in Onderstepoort in 1912. The Onderstepoort Veterinary Laboratory continue to exist as the "Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Research". There, he studied vertebrate parasites (mites, ticks and lice). He started to collect species of ticks for the ''National Tick Collection'' in 1912, with nymphs of '' Aponomma exornatum'' collected in Onderstepoort. In 1920, he was promoted ''Research Officer'' in Onderstepoort. in Biodiversity Explorer He died in 1938 at the age of 46. |
Parasitology (journal)
''Parasitology'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the area of parasitology, including the biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, ecology and epidemiology of eukaryotic parasites, and the relationship between the host and the parasite. It was established in 1908 and is published fourteen times a year by Cambridge University Press. The editor-in-chief is John Russell Stothard ( Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine). Cambridge University Press announced that as of 3 October 2022, publishing would be switching to gold open access. History The journal was established in 1908 by George Nuttall, who served as the editor until his death in 1933. Subsequent editors have included David Keilin (1934–63), Parr Tate (1952–68), Harry Crofton (1968–72), David Crompton and Bruce Newton (1973–81), Frank Cox (1982–2000), Phil Whitfield (1982–86), Chris Arme (1987–2006), Stephen Phillips (2000–20), Robin Gasser (2005 – after 2009) and Les Chappell (2006 – aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acari Genera
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive '' Varroa'' parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases. The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology. Evolution and taxonomy Mites are not a defined taxon, bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Succulent Karoo
The Succulent Karoo is an terrestrial ecoregion, ecoregion defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature to include regions of deserts and xeric shrublands, desert in South Africa and Namibia, and a biodiversity hotspot. The geographic area chosen by the WWF for what they call 'Succulent Karoo' does not correspond to the actual Karoo. Geography The Succulent Karoo stretches along the coastal strip of southwestern Namibia and South Africa's Northern Cape Province, where the cold Benguela Current offshore creates frequent fogs. The ecoregion extends inland into the uplands of South Africa's Western Cape Province. It is bounded on the south by the Mediterranean climate fynbos, on the east by the Nama Karoo, which has more extreme temperatures and variable rainfall, and on the north by the Namib Desert. File:Succulent Karoo.svg, Succulent Karoo vegetation types File:Succulent Karoo legend.svg Flora The Succulent Karoo is notable for the world's richest flora of succulent plants, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nama Karoo
Nama Karoo is a xeric shrubland ecoregion located on the central plateau of South Africa and Namibia. It occupies most of the interior of the western half of South Africa and extends into the southern interior of Namibia. Climate The climate of the Nama Karoo tends to be volatile, unpredictable and rather harsh, with only the most specially-adapted organisms calling the region home. The annual ‘dry’ season—a time of blistering hot weather and drought A drought is a period of drier-than-normal conditions.Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, ...—is long, often taking place over autumn and winter, and into early spring. Heavy rainfall primarily occurs in the spring and summer ‘wet’ season. This time of plenty can also vary, with total measured rainfall fluctuating between per year. Rainfall is also known to be hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuboes
Kuboes is a town in Richtersveld Local Municipality in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. Kuboes was one of the first permanent settlements on the Richtersveld. The town grew around a Rhenish Missionary Society, Rhenish mission set up by revered Johan Hein, who began to preach to the nomadic population of the surrounding areas in 1844. A church was built in 1893, and eventually the itinerant population decided to set up in Kuboes itself. Kuboes is a centre of Nama people, Nama culture, and the local school is claimed to be the only school in the world that teaches the Nama language. References Populated places in the Richtersveld Local Municipality {{NorthernCape-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 143.1 to 66 mya (unit), million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era (geology), Era, as well as the longest. At around 77.1 million years, it is the ninth and longest geological period of the entire Phanerozoic. The name is derived from the Latin , 'chalk', which is abundant in the latter half of the period. It is usually abbreviated K, for its German translation . The Cretaceous was a period with a relatively warm climate, resulting in high Sea level#Local and eustatic, eustatic sea levels that created numerous shallow Inland sea (geology), inland seas. These oceans and seas were populated with now-extinct marine reptiles, ammonites, and rudists, while dinosaurs continued to dominate on land. The world was largely ice-free, although there is some evidence of brief periods of glaciation during the cooler first half, and forests extended to the poles. Many of the dominant taxonomic gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
