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Notosuchia
Notosuchia is a suborder of primarily Gondwanan mesoeucrocodylian crocodylomorphs that lived during the Jurassic and Cretaceous. Some phylogenies recover Sebecosuchia as a clade within Notosuchia, others as a sister group (see below); if Sebecosuchia is included within Notosuchia its existence is pushed into the Middle Miocene, about 11 million years ago. Fossils have been found from South America, Africa, Asia, and Europe. Notosuchia was a clade of terrestrial crocodilians that evolved a range of feeding behaviours, including herbivory (''Chimaerasuchus''), omnivory ('' Simosuchus''), and terrestrial hypercarnivory ('' Baurusuchus''). It included many members with highly derived traits unusual for crocodylomorphs, including mammal-like teeth, flexible bands of shield-like body armor similar to those of armadillos (''Armadillosuchus''), and possibly fleshy cheeks and pig-like snouts (''Notosuchus''). The suborder was first named in 1971 by Zulma Gasparini and has since under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simosuchus Clarki
''Simosuchus'' (meaning "pug-nosed crocodile" in Greek (language), Greek, referring to the animal's blunt snout) is an extinct genus of notosuchian Crocodylomorpha, crocodylomorphs from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. It is named for its unusually short skull. Fully grown individuals were about in length. The type species is ''Simosuchus clarki'', found from the Maevarano Formation in Mahajanga Province, although some fossils have been found in India. The teeth of ''S. clarki'' were shaped like Maple leaf, maple leaves, which coupled with its short and deep snout suggests it was not a carnivore like most other crocodylomorphs. In fact, these features have led many palaeontologists to consider it a herbivore. Description ''Simosuchus'' was small, about long based on the skeletons of mature individuals. In contrast to most other crocodyliforms, which have long, low skulls, ''Simosuchus'' has a distinctively short snout. The snout resembles that of a pug, giving the genus its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Razanandrongobe
''Razanandrongobe'' (meaning "ancestor f thelarge lizard" in Malagasy) is a genus of carnivorous ziphosuchian crocodyliform from the Middle Jurassic of Madagascar. It contains the type and only species ''Razanandrongobe sakalavae'', named in 2004 by Simone Maganuco and colleagues based on isolated bones found in 2003. The remains, which included a fragment of maxilla and teeth, originated from the Bathonian-aged Sakaraha Formation of Mahajanga, Madagascar. While they clearly belonged to a member of the Archosauria, Maganuco and colleagues refrained from assigning the genus to a specific group because the fragmentary remains resembled lineages among both the theropod dinosaurs and crocodylomorphs. Further remains (including a premaxilla and lower jawbone) had been discovered as early as 1972, but were not described until 2017 by Cristiano Dal Sasso and colleagues. These remains allowed them to confidently assign ''Razanandrongobe'' as the oldest-known member of the Notosuchi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simosuchus
''Simosuchus'' (meaning "pug-nosed crocodile" in Greek, referring to the animal's blunt snout) is an extinct genus of notosuchian crocodylomorphs from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. It is named for its unusually short skull. Fully grown individuals were about in length. The type species is ''Simosuchus clarki'', found from the Maevarano Formation in Mahajanga Province, although some fossils have been found in India. The teeth of ''S. clarki'' were shaped like maple leaves, which coupled with its short and deep snout suggests it was not a carnivore like most other crocodylomorphs. In fact, these features have led many palaeontologists to consider it a herbivore. Description ''Simosuchus'' was small, about long based on the skeletons of mature individuals. In contrast to most other crocodyliforms, which have long, low skulls, ''Simosuchus'' has a distinctively short snout. The snout resembles that of a pug, giving the genus its name, which means "pug-nosed crocodile" in G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebecosuchia
Sebecosuchia is an extinct group of mesoeucrocodylian crocodyliforms that includes the families Sebecidae and Baurusuchidae. The group was long thought to have first appeared in the Late Cretaceous with the baurusuchids and become extinct in the Miocene with the last sebecids, but '' Razanandrongobe'' pushes the origin of Sebecosuchia to the Middle Jurassic. Fossils have been found primarily from South America but have also been found in Europe, North Africa, Madagascar, and the Indian subcontinent. History and phylogeny Sebecosuchia was first constructed in 1937 by George Gaylord Simpson.Simpson, G.G. 1937. "New reptiles from the Eocene of South America". ''American Museum Novitates'' 967: 1-20 In 1946 the concept was again used by American paleontologist Edwin Colbert to include '' Sebecus'' and Baurusuchidae. ''Sebecus'', which had been known from South America since 1937, was an unusual crocodyliform with a deep snout and teeth that were ziphodont, or serrated and laterall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candidodontidae
Candidodontidae is a family of notosuchian crocodyliforms. It was originally used in 2002 as a name for a clade that includes the genera ''Araripesuchus'', ''Candidodon'', and ''Malawisuchus''. Later in 2004 the family was formally defined as a node-based taxon including ''Candidodon itapecuruense'' and ''Mariliasuchus amarali''. A 2009 study redefined Candidodontidae as a stem-based taxon which included ''Candidodon'', ''Malawisuchus'', and possibly ''Mariliasuchus''. Phylogenetics The first formal definition of the family does not fit well with many phylogenetic studies of notosuchians that place ''Candidodon'' and ''Mariliasuchus'' far apart. If this definition were to be used, Candidodontidae would include the last common ancestor of ''Candidodon'' and ''Mariliasuchus'' and all of its descendants. According to these studies, these descendants would include many other genera and families, some of which were named before Candidodontidae and thus would have priority over it. A n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comahuesuchidae
Comahuesuchidae is a family of notosuchian crocodyliforms. Constructed in 1991, it includes the genera '' Comahuesuchus'' and ''Anatosuchus''. Among the characteristics that are unique to this family is an external naris that is inset into the tip of the snout. There is also a diastema, or gap between the teeth, at the tip of the upper and lower jaws. Both ''Anatosuchus'' and ''Comahuesuchus'' have maxillary tooth rows in the upper jaw that extend out and over the dentary tooth rows of the lower jaw. Several recent phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ... analyses of notosuchians have placed ''Anatosuchus'' outside of Notosuchia altogether, and therefore outside Comahuesuchidae. If this is true, ''Comahuesuchus'' would be the only member of Comahuesuchidae. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chimaerasuchidae
Chimaerasuchidae ("Chimera crocodiles") is a family of mesoeucrocodylians. It was erected as a clade in 2004 by Carvalho ''et al'' and included ''Chimaerasuchus'' from the Early Cretaceous of China and possibly also '' Simosuchus'' from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. The validity of the clade has been questioned in later studies that found the two genera to be more distantly related. Phylogeny In the phylogenetic analysis of Carvalho ''et al'', the family contained ''Chimaerasuchus'' and ''Simosuchus'', two genera of small (~1 metre long), possibly herbivorous crocodyliforms from the Cretaceous. Both had short-snouted heads with multicusped teeth. Carvalho ''et al'' placed Chimaerasuchidae within a new clade of mesoeucrocodylians called Gondwanasuchia. It was the sister taxon of Notosuchimorpha, another newly erected clade that contained notosuchias, sebecosuchians, and peirosaurids. Below is a modified cladogram from Carvalho ''et al'' (2004): The Carvalho ''et al.'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahajangasuchidae
Mahajangasuchidae is an extinct family of notosuchian crocodyliforms. It currently contains two genera, ''Mahajangasuchus'' and ''Kaprosuchus'', both of which lived during the Late Cretaceous in Gondwana. It is defined as the most inclusive clade containing ''Mahajangasuchus insignis'' but not '' Notosuchus terrestris'', ''Simosuchus clarki'', '' Araripesuchus gomesii'', ''Baurusuchus pachecoi'', '' Peirosaurus torminni'', ''Goniopholis crassidens'', '' Pholidosaurus schaumbergensis'', or ''Crocodylus niloticus''. Phylogenetically, Mahajangasuchidae is placed just outside pholidosaurids and more derived neosuchians. Defining characters of the family include fused nasals, a jaw articulation below the posterior maxillary tooth row, a deep mandibular symphysis that is oriented anterodorsally, and the formation of a hornlike posterodorsal process from the squamosal and parietal (which is much more pronounced in ''Kaprosuchus''). Phylogeny Cladogram showing the phylogenetic r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eptalofosuchus
''Eptalofosuchus'' is a genus of Notosuchian from the Uberaba Formation in Brazil, and contains one species, ''E. viridi''. Description The genus was described on the basis of a fragmentary mandible, which was found in the Uberaba Formation in the Bauru Group The Bauru Group is a geological group of the Bauru Sub-basin, Paraná Basin in Minas Gerais, São Paulo, General Salgado, Itapecuru-Mirim, Mato Grosso, Brazil whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils t ..., of southeastern Brazil, which was said to be from an advanced Notosuchian. References {{Notosuchia, N. Notosuchians Prehistoric reptile genera Fossil taxa described in 2021 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crocodylomorpha
Crocodylomorpha is a group of pseudosuchian archosaurs that includes the crocodilians and their extinct relatives. They were the only members of Pseudosuchia to survive the end-Triassic extinction. During Mesozoic and early Cenozoic times, crocodylomorphs were far more diverse than they are now. Triassic forms were small, lightly built, active terrestrial animals. The earliest and most primitive crocodylomorphs are represented by " sphenosuchians", a paraphyletic assemblage containing small-bodied forms with elongated limbs that walked upright, which represents the ancestral morphology of Crocodylomorpha. These forms persisted until the end of the Jurassic. During the Jurassic, Crocodylomorphs morphologically diversified into numerous niches, including into the aquatic and marine realms. Evolutionary history When their extinct species and stem group are examined, the crocodylian lineage (clade Pseudosuchia, formerly Crurotarsi) proves to have been a very diverse and adapt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notosuchidae
Notosuchidae is a Gondwanan family of notosuchians. They were small-bodied terrestrial crocodyliforms that lived during the Late Cretaceous The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''creta'', the .... References Early Cretaceous crocodylomorphs Terrestrial crocodylomorphs Late Cretaceous crocodylomorphs Turonian first appearances Santonian extinctions Prehistoric reptile families {{paleo-archosaur-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serravallian
The Serravallian is, in the geologic timescale, an age or a stage in the middle Miocene Epoch/ Series, which spans the time between 13.82 Ma and 11.63 Ma (million years ago). The Serravallian follows the Langhian and is followed by the Tortonian. It overlaps with the middle of the Astaracian European Land Mammal Mega Zone, the upper Barstovian and lower Clarendonian North American Land Mammal Ages and the Laventan and lower Mayoan South American Land Mammal Ages. It is also coeval with the Sarmatian and upper Badenian Stages of the Paratethys time scale of Central and eastern Europe. Definition The Serravallian Stage was introduced in stratigraphy by the Italian geologist Lorenzo Pareto in 1865. It was named after the town of Serravalle Scrivia in northern Italy. The base of the Serravallian is at the first occurrence of fossils of the nanoplankton species '' Sphenolithus heteromorphus'' and is located in the chronozone C5ABr. The official Global Boundary Str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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