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Nitrofurans
Nitrofurans are a class of drugs typically used as antibiotics or antimicrobials. The defining structural component is a furan ring with a nitro group. Drugs Members of this class of drugs include: * Antibacterials (antibiotics) ** Difurazone (also known as Nitrovin) — an antibacterial growth promoter used in animal feeds ** Furazolidone ** Nifurfoline ** Nifuroxazide ** Nifurquinazol ** Nifurtoinol ** Nifurzide ** Nitrofural (also known as nitrofurazone) ** Nitrofurantoin — a drug used to treat urinary tract infections ** Ranbezolid — technically an 2-Oxazolidone#Pharmaceuticals, oxazolidinone antibiotic bearing a nitrofuran group * Antimicrobials ** Furaltadone — an antiprotozoal ** Furazidine — an antibacterial and antiprotozoal *** Furaginum — an antibacterial ** Furylfuramide — a formerly used food preservative ** Nifuratel — an antiprotozoal and antifungal ** Nifurtimox — an antiprotozoal * FANFT, a potent nitrofuran derivative tumor initiator. It causes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin, sold under the brand name Macrobid among others, is an antibacterial medication of the nitrofuran class used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs), although it is not as effective for kidney infections. It is taken by mouth. Common side effects include nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and headaches. Rarely numbness, lung problems, or liver problems may occur. While it appears to be generally safe during pregnancy its use is not recommended near time of delivery. While it usually works by slowing bacterial growth, it may result in bacterial death at the high concentrations found in urine, provided forced fluid dilution of urine is avoided. Nitrofurantoin was first sold in 1953. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. In 2022, it was the 158th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3million prescriptions. Medical uses Urinary tract infections Us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrofural
Nitrofurazone (INN, trade name Furacin) is an antimicrobial organic compound belonging to the nitrofuran class. It is most commonly used as a topical antibiotic ointment. It is effective against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, and can be used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis. Its use in medicine has become less frequent, as safer and more effective products have become available. Nitrofurazone is listed under California Prop 65, and has demonstrated clear evidence to be mutagenic and carcinogenic during animal studies, and has been discontinued for human use in the USA. The substance is pale yellow and crystalline. It was once widely used as an antibiotic for livestock. Medical uses Human use Nitrofurazone was previously available as a prescription in the U.S., and was indicated as a topical solution, topical cream, or topical ointment for the treatment of bacterial skin infections, wounds, burns, and ulcers. It was also used as a prophylactic meas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nifurquinazol
Nifurquinazol (NF-1088) is an antibacterial agent of the nitrofuran Nitrofurans are a class of drugs typically used as antibiotics or antimicrobial An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms (microbicide) or stops their growth (bacteriostatic agent). Antimicrobial medicines can be grouped according ... class. It was never marketed. Synthesis Treatment of the amide from 5-nitrofuroic acid with phosphorus oxychloride leads to the corresponding nitrile (2). This intermediate is then converted to the iminoether (3) with ethanolic hydrogen chloride. Condensation of anthranilic acid with the iminoether in the presence of sodium methoxide represents another method for preparing quinazolones. The reaction can be visualized as proceeding through the formation of the amidine from addition-elimination of anthranilic acid; cyclization then affords the observed product (4). The amide function is then converted to the iminochloride with phosphorus oxychloride. Displacement of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nifurtoinol
Nifurtoinol (rINN, trade name Urfadyn) is a nitrofuran-derivative antibiotic used in the treatment of urinary tract infection A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract. Lower urinary tract infections may involve the bladder (cystitis) or urethra (urethritis) while upper urinary tract infections affect the kidney (pyel ...s. It is also known as "hydroxymethylnitrofurantoin". References Hydantoins Nitrofurans Hydrazones {{antibiotic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Furan
Furan is a Heterocyclic compound, heterocyclic organic compound, consisting of a five-membered aromatic Ring (chemistry), ring with four carbon Atom, atoms and one oxygen atom. Chemical compounds containing such rings are also referred to as furans. Furan is a colorless, flammable, highly Volatility (chemistry), volatile liquid with a boiling point close to room temperature. It is soluble in common organic Solvent, solvents, including ethanol, alcohol, diethyl ether, ether, and acetone, and is slightly soluble in water. Its odor is "strong, ethereal; chloroform-like". It is toxic and may be carcinogenic in humans. Furan is used as a starting point for other speciality chemicals. History The name "furan" comes from the Latin ''furfur'', which means bran (furfural is produced from bran). The first furan derivative to be described was 2-furoic acid, by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1780. Another important derivative, furfural, was reported by Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner in 1831 an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ranbezolid
Ranbezolid (RBx7644) is an oxazolidinone antibacterial An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. It is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are widely used in the treatment and prevention .... It competitively inhibits monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). References Nitrofurans Fluoroarenes Oxazolidinone antibiotics Phenylpiperazines Reversible inhibitors of MAO-A Acetamides {{Antibiotic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nifurtimox
Nifurtimox, sold under the brand name Lampit, is a medication used to treat Chagas disease and sleeping sickness. For sleeping sickness it is used together with eflornithine in nifurtimox-eflornithine combination treatment. In Chagas disease it is a second-line option to benznidazole. It is given by mouth. Common side effects include abdominal pain, headache, nausea, and weight loss. There are concerns from animal studies that it may increase the risk of cancer but these concerns have not been found in human trials. Nifurtimox is not recommended in pregnancy or in those with significant kidney or liver problems. It is a type of nitrofuran. Nifurtimox came into medication use in 1965. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is not available commercially in Canada. It was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2020. In regions of the world where the disease is common nifurtimox is provided for free by the World Health Organiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Furylfuramide
Furylfuramide (also known as AF-2) is a synthetic nitrofuran derivative which was widely used as a food preservative in Japan since at least 1965, but withdrawn from the market in 1974 when it was observed to be mutagenic to bacteria ''in vitro'' and thus suspected of carcinogenicity. This was confirmed later when animal testing found it to cause benign and malignant tumors in the mammary glands, stomachs, esophagi, and lungs of rodents of both sex Sex is the biological trait that determines whether a sexually reproducing organism produces male or female gametes. During sexual reproduction, a male and a female gamete fuse to form a zygote, which develops into an offspring that inheri ...es, although insufficient evidence exists in human exposure. This successful use of bacterial mutagenicity as a screen for carcinogenicity confirmed the use of this methodology as a rapid and efficient test, in comparison to animal testing alone, and led to its further development. The a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Furaltadone
Furaltadone is a chemical compound from the group of nitrofurans, as it contains a 5-nitrofuran ring. Furaltadone is classified as a synthetic antibiotic. It was patented in 1957. Properties Furaltadone has a chirality (chemistry), chiral carbon atom and exists as a racemate. The (S)-form, (''S'')-form is known as levofuraltadone.''INN Recommended List 07'' Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO), 9 December 1967. Use 
Furaltadone ...
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2-Oxazolidone
2-Oxazolidinone is a heterocyclic organic compound containing both nitrogen and oxygen in a 5-membered ring. Synthesis and occurrence The compound arises by the reaction of an ethanolamine and dimethylcarbonate or related phosgene equivalents. It is one of waste products generated in amine gas treating due to cyclization of ethanolamine carbamate. History The compound was first reported in 1888 by German chemist Siegmund Gabriel. While investigating reactions of bromoethylamine hydrobromide, he treated it with silver carbonate and isolated a product with melting point around 90–91°C. He determined its empirical formula correctly, but neither gave it a specific name not studied its properties. Nine years later Gabriel returned to the topic together with G. Eschenbach, developing a more efficient synthesis using sodium bicarbonate instead of the silver salt. They referred to the compound as "Oxäthylcarbaminsäureanhydrid" (hydroxyethylcarbamic acid anhydride), recognizing its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
