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Nitria (monastic Site)
Nitria (also called the Mountain of Nitria or Petoou Mpihosm in Greek and Latin sources) is one of the earliest Christian monastic sites in Egypt and is located in the Nitrian Desert. It was the first of the three major centers of Christian monastic activity in the Lower Egypt, the other two being Kellia and Scetis.Roger S. Bagnall, etc. ''Egypt from Alexander to the early Christians: An Archaeological and Historical Guide'', Getty Publications, 2004pg. 108-112/ref> History Nitria was founded in c. 325-330 by Amoun of Nitria and quickly attracted thousands of monks through the remainder of the 4th century. By 390, it had evolved from a loose collection of solitary monks to an organized settlement of multiple cenobitic monasteries, and included bankers, merchants, and sellers. Jerome, who visited Nitria in 386, said that it had over five-thousand monks. Palladius of Galatia, who lived there in 390, gave a similar estimate in his Lausaic History'. Christian pilgrims from the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrian Desert
The Nitrian Desert is a desert region in northwestern Egypt, lying between Alexandria and Cairo west of the Nile Delta. It is known for its history of Christian monasticism."Nitrian Desert", in F. L. Cross and E. A. Livingstone, eds., ''The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'', 3rd rev. ed. (Oxford University Press, 2005, online 2009). There were three monastic centres in the Nitrian Desert in Late Antiquity. Around 330, Macarius the Egyptian established a monastic colony in the Wadi El Natrun (Scetis), far from cultivable land. In the 330s, Saint Amun founded Nitria, only southeast of Alexandria, using the rules of Saint Anthony. He founded a second centre, Kellia, on Anthony's suggestion, deeper into the desert. Kellia has been the object of scientific excavations.Janet Timbie, "Egypt", in William M. Johnston and Christopher Kleinhenz, eds., ''Encyclopedia of Monasticism'' (Routledge, 2015), pp. 432–435. Only Scetis in the Wadi El Natrun remains a monastic site to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Language
Spanish ( or , Castilian) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from colloquial Latin spoken on the Iberian peninsula. Today, it is a world language, global language with more than 500 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain. Spanish is the official language of List of countries where Spanish is an official language, 20 countries. It is the world's list of languages by number of native speakers, second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese; the world's list of languages by total number of speakers, fourth-most spoken language overall after English language, English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindustani language, Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu); and the world's most widely spoken Romance languages, Romance language. The largest population of native speakers is in Mexico. Spanish is part of the Iberian Romance languages, Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cronius Of Nitria
Cronius of Nitria ( – ) was an Egyptian Christian monk who lived in Nitria, Lower Egypt. He was one of the Desert Fathers. Biography Cronius was born about 285 A.D. He first lived in a monastery. Later, he left the monastery to serve as a Greek interpreter for Anthony the Great. Afterwards, Cronius became an anchorite and priest in Nitria. His disciples included Isaac of the Cells Isaac of the Cells was an Egyptian Christian monk who lived during the 4th and 5th centuries in Nitria, Lower Egypt. He was one of the Desert Fathers. He was a disciple of Cronius of Nitria and succeeded him in 395. However, later Archbishop The .... He died around 386 A.D. References 285 births 386 deaths Egyptian Christian monks Saints from Roman Egypt Coptic Orthodox saints Desert Fathers {{egypt-reli-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amoun Of Nitria
Ammon, Amun ( cop, Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲁⲙⲟⲩⲛ), Ammonas ( grc-gre, Ἀμμώνας), Amoun (), or Ammonius the Hermit (; el, Ἀμμώνιος) was a 4th-century Christian ascetic and the founder of one of the most celebrated monastic communities in Egypt. He was subsequently declared a saint. He was one of the most venerated ascetics of the Nitrian Desert, and Athanasius of Alexandria mentions him in his life of Anthony the Great. Life Pushed into marriage by his family at the age of 20, he managed to persuade his bride to take a vow of chastity together with him by the authority of Paul's Epistle to the Corinthians.Socr. ''Hist. Eccl.'' iv. 23 They lived together this way for 18 years, when at her wish, they parted, and he retired to Scetis and Nitria, to the south of Lake Mareotis, where he lived 22 years, visiting his sister-wife twice a year. She had founded a convent in her own house. He cooperated with Anthony and gathered his monks under his direct supervision, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serapion Of Nitria
Serapion of Nitria or Serapion of Thmuis (; ) was an early Christian monk in Nitria, Lower Egypt, born in the third century AD. He was a companion of Anthony the Great, the abbot of the Monastery of Arsina in Nitria, and the bishop of Thmuis. His feast day in March 21 in the Orthodox Church. Life Little is known about Serapion. He is quoted in four sections of the ''Sayings of the Desert Fathers'', where he is called Abba Serapion, and is commemorated on March 21 in the Prologue of Ohrid', an Orthodox synaxarium written by Saint Nikolaj Velimirović. Serapion (a variant of the name ''Seraphim'' derived from ''Seraph'') was the abbot of the Monastery of Arsina (), which at one point held as many as eleven-thousand monks. He was given the title "the Great" by the early Christian historians Sozomen and Palladius. Serapion died c. 358. Story A famous story of Serapion is recounted in the ''Sayings of the Desert Fathers''. He is said of have paid a prostitute. But instead of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Or Of Nitria
Abba Or of Nitria (also ''Hor or Horus'') was an Egyptian Orthodox Christian ascetic who lived around the 4th century AD in Egypt in Dalga, Nitria (Lower Egypt), the Thebaid, and in the deserts around Shaina. He is one of the lesser-known Desert Fathers, but is nevertheless regarded as one of the "chief among monks," being, "a man who stood out among many of the fathers." He is associated with Theodore and Sisoes the Great. According to Jerome, at one point during his life, Or was the father of "one thousand Cenobitic monasticism">cenobitic] Eastern Christian monasticism, monks" in the Egyptian Desert. Or died . Life Desert reclusion Abba ( Elder) Or's early life remains unknown. He was likely born in the late 3rd or early 4th century. The name "Or" is of Hebrew origin ( he, אור), meaning "light, brilliance" Most of his recorded life comes from Jerome's account of him in the '' History of the Monks of Egypt''. Or was known for his extreme love for mankind, his hosp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historia Monachorum In Aegypto
The ''Historia monachorum in Aegypto'', also called the ''Lives of the Desert Fathers'', is a combination travelogue and hagiography from the late 4th century AD. It recounts the travels of a band of seven Palestinian monks on a pilgrimage through Egypt between September 394 and January 395. They travelled from south to north, stopping in monasteries and meeting hermits and holy men. The ''Historia'' is in essence a collection of stories about these men and their miracles. The ''Historia'' is anonymous. It was originally written in Greek. Its original title is ', which translates "Inquiry about the Monks of Egypt". It was early translated into Latin by Rufinus of Aquileia, who also added material of his own. It is best known by the Latin title of Rufinus' edition, which is often misleadingly translated "History of the Monks of Egypt", but the work is not historiography. It was one of the most popular hagiographical texts throughout the Middle Ages. Four distinct translations into S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damanhur
Damanhur ( ar, دمنهور ', ; Egyptian: ''Dmỉ-n-Ḥr.w''; cop, ⲡϯⲙⲓⲛ̀ϩⲱⲣ '; ; grc, Ἑρμοῦ πόλις μικρά ') is a city in Lower Egypt, and the capital of the Beheira Governorate. It is located northwest of Cairo, and E.S.E. of Alexandria, in the middle of the western Nile Delta. Etymology Damanhur was known in the ancient Egyptian language as ''The City of (the god) Horus'', on the grounds that it was a center for the worship of this god. It was also known by other names: in the Egyptian texts, "Behdet"; in the Greek texts "Hermou Polis Mikra" (the lesser city of Hermes), translated to Latin by the Romans as "Hermopolis Parva"; the name "Obollenoboles" (or Apollonopolis) associated it with the Greek god Apollo, and it was also called "Tel Ballamon". Now it is known by its oldest name, which was rendered in Bohairic cop, Ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓⲛ̀ϩⲱⲣ or Ⲡⲧⲓⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ, and thus rendered in Arabic as "Damanhur" following the Islamic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugh Evelyn-White
Hugh Evelyn-White (1884, Ipswich - 1924) was a classicist, egyptologist, coptologist and archaeologist. In 1907 he graduated with a degree in classics from Wadham College. He is noted for his many translations of ancient Greek works, most notable being those of Hesiod and the Homeric hymns. He served in the British Army in the Middle East during WWI as an officer but was invalided out in 1917. He worked on the excavations in Egypt and he returned to England in 1922 to work at as a lecturer at the University of Leeds but took his own life in 1924.https://library.leeds.ac.uk/special-collections/collection/1482 University of Leeds Library: Special Collections: Hugh Evelyn-White (1884-1924)Crum, W. E. (as W. E. C.) (1924). Hugh Evelyn-White. '' The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology'', 10(3/4), 331-332. Retrieved July 3, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3853935 He was the son of the antiquarian, Charles Harold Evelyn-White Charles Harold Evelyn-White (12 December 1850 – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeology
Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, archaeological site, sites, and cultural landscapes. Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities. It is usually considered an independent academic discipline, but may also be classified as part of anthropology (in North America – the four-field approach), history or geography. Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades. Archaeology is distinct from palaeontology, which is the study of fossil remains. Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for which, by definition, there are no written records. Prehistory includes ove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip of Palestine and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. The Gulf of Aqaba in the northeast separates Egypt from Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Cairo is the capital and largest city of Egypt, while Alexandria, the second-largest city, is an important industrial and tourist hub at the Mediterranean coast. At approximately 100 million inhabitants, Egypt is the 14th-most populated country in the world. Egypt has one of the longest histories of any country, tracing its heritage along the Nile Delta back to the 6th–4th millennia BCE. Considered a cradle of civilisation, Ancient Egypt saw some of the earliest developments of writing, agr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesus
Jesus, likely from he, יֵשׁוּעַ, translit=Yēšūaʿ, label=Hebrew/Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other names and titles), was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader; he is the central figure of Christianity, the world's largest religion. Most Christians believe he is the incarnation of God the Son and the awaited Messiah (the Christ) prophesied in the Hebrew Bible. Virtually all modern scholars of antiquity agree that Jesus existed historically. Research into the historical Jesus has yielded some uncertainty on the historical reliability of the Gospels and on how closely the Jesus portrayed in the New Testament reflects the historical Jesus, as the only detailed records of Jesus' life are contained in the Gospels. Jesus was a Galilean Jew who was circumcised, was baptized by John the Baptist, began his own ministry and was often referred to as "rabbi". Jesus debated with fellow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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