|
Nikolay Antipov
Nikolai Kirillovich Antipov (; 15 December 1894 – 29 July 1938) was a Soviet politician. He was appointed Member of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union and elected member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1924–1937) and candidate member of the Orgburo (1924–1925, 1928–1930). He was executed during the Great Purge and rehabilitated posthumously. Biography Antipov was born on in the village of Lisichkino, Starorussky Uyezd, Novgorod Governorate, in the family of a peasant. He was of Russian ethnicity. Antipov trained as a fitter at a nautical technical school, and worked as a locksmith in a Saint Petersburg shipyard and in the Dynamo factory, Moscow. In 1912 he joined the ranks of RSDLP (b). He was arrested in 1913 for participating in the activities organized by the party. In 1914, he was once again rearrested, and spent a year in prison. Arrested for a third time, for running an underground printing press, he was rel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (''guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR, which existed from 1727 to 1776 and from 1796 to 1927. Its administrative center was in the city of Veliky Novgorod, Novgorod. The governorate was located in the northwest of the European part of the Russian Empire. History The governorate was established in 1727 from Belozersk, Novgorod, Pskov, Tver and Velikiye Luki Provinces of Saint Petersburg Governorate, St. Petersburg Governorate. It was abolished by a decree (''ukase'') of Catherine II of Russia, Catherine II on , 1776, which established Novgorod Viceroyalty, Novgorod and Tver Viceroyalty, Tver Viceroyalties instead. Novgorod Viceroyalty included Novgorod Oblast, Russian Empire, Novgorod and Olonets Oblast, whereas Tver Viceroyalty was made of the former Tver Province. The viceroyalty was never formally abolished, however, after a number of administrati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petrograd Soviet
The Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies (, ''Petrogradsky soviet rabochih i soldatskikh deputatov'') was a city council of Petrograd (Saint Petersburg), the capital of Russia at the time. For brevity, it is usually called the Petrograd Soviet (, ''Petrogradsky soviet''). The Soviet was established in March 1917 after the February Revolution as a representative body of the city's workers and soldiers, while the city already had its well-established city council, the Saint Petersburg City Duma (Central Duma). During the revolutionary days, the council tried to extend its jurisdiction nationwide as a rival power center to the Provisional Government, creating what in Soviet historiography is known as the '' Dvoyevlastiye'' (Dual power). Its committees were key components during the Russian Revolution and some of them led the armed revolt of the October Revolution. Formation Before 1914, Petrograd was known as Saint Petersburg, and in 1905 the workers' soviet called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anastas Mikoyan
Anastas Ivanovich Mikoyan (; , ; ; – 21 October 1978) was a Soviet statesman, diplomat, and Bolshevik revolutionary who served as the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, the head of state of the Soviet Union. As a member of the Communist Party's Central Committee from 1923 to 1976, he was the only Soviet politician who remained in power from Lenin, through the eras of Stalin and Khrushchev, to his retirement under Brezhnev. His longevity inspired the popular Russian saying "from Ilyich eninto Ilyich rezhnevwithout heart attack and paralysis" (). An ethnic Armenian, Mikoyan joined the Bolsheviks in 1915, and following the October Revolution of 1917 participated in the Baku Commune. In the 1920s, he was the party's boss in the North Caucasus. Mikoyan was elected to the Politburo in 1935, served as foreign trade minister from 1926 to 1930 and again from 1938, and during World War II became a member of the State Defense Committee. After the war, Mikoyan b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valery Mezhlauk
Valery Ivanovich Mezhlauk (; ) (1893–1938) was a government and party official in the Soviet Union during the decades of the 1920s and 1930s. He is best remembered as the Chairman of the State Planning Committee (Gosplan) from 1934 to 1937. He became a victim of Stalin’s Great Purge and was executed on July 29, 1938. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1956. Biography Early years Valery Ivanovich Mezhlauk was born February 7, 1893, in Kharkiv, Kharkov in the Kharkov Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine), one of five sons of an ethnic Latvians, Latvian nobleman, a teacher, and Germans, German mother. In 1914 he earned a degree in history and philology and in 1917 a degree in jurisprudence from University of Kharkiv, Kharkov University, where he also taught from 1913 to 1916. He joined the revolutionary movement and became a member of Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1907. Mezhlauk joined the Bolsheviks, RSDLP (b) in July 1917. Soviet career ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexey Rykov
Alexei Ivanovich Rykov (25 February 188115 March 1938) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet politician and statesman, most prominent as premier of Russia and the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1929 and 1924 to 1930 respectively. He was one of the accused in Joseph Stalin's show trials during the Great Purge. Rykov joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1898, and after it split into Bolshevik and Menshevik factions in 1903, he joined the Bolsheviks, which were led by Vladimir Lenin. He played an active part in the 1905 Russian Revolution. Months prior to the October Revolution of 1917, he became a member of the Petrograd and Moscow Soviets and was elected to the Bolshevik Party Central Committee in July–August of the same year, during the Sixth Congress of the Bolshevik Party. Rykov, a moderate, often came into political conflict with Lenin and more radical Bolsheviks but proved influential when the October Revolution finally overthrew the Russian Provi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
The ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' (GSE; , ''BSE'') is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's data was partially included into the later ''Great Russian Encyclopedia'' in an updated and revised form. The GSE claimed to be "the first Marxist–Leninist general-purpose encyclopedia". Origins The idea of the ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' emerged in 1923 on the initiative of Otto Schmidt, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In early 1924 Schmidt worked with a group which included Mikhail Pokrovsky, (rector of the Institute of Red Professors), Nikolai Meshcheryakov (Former head of the General Directorate for the Protection of State Secrets in the Press, Glavit, the State Administration of Publishing Affairs), Valery Bryusov (poet), Veniamin Kagan (mathematician) and Konstantin Kuzminsky to draw up a proposal which was agreed to in April 1924. Also involved was Anatoly Lunacharsky, People' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bibliography Of Stalinism And The Soviet Union
This is a select bibliography of post-World War II English-language books (including translations) and journal articles about Stalinism, Joseph Stalin, and the Stalinist era of Soviet history. Book entries have references to journal reviews about them when helpful and available. Additional bibliographies can be found in many of the book-length works listed below. Stephen Kotkin's biography of Stalin has an extensive bibliography; ''Stalin: Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928'' contains a 52-page bibliography and ''Stalin: Waiting for Hitler, 1929–1941'' contains a 50-page bibliography covering both the life of Stalin and Stalinism in the Soviet Union. See #Further reading, Further reading for several additional book and chapter length bibliographies. About Inclusion criteria The period covered is 1924–1953, beginning approximately with the death of Vladimir Lenin, Lenin and ending approximately with the death of Joseph Stalin, Stalin. This bibliography does not include the De- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bibliography Of The Russian Revolution And Civil War
This is a select bibliography of post-World War II English language books (including translations) and journal articles about the Revolutionary and Civil War era of Russian (Soviet) history. The sections "General surveys" and "Biographies" contain books; other sections contain both books and journal articles. Book entries may have references to reviews published in English language academic journals or major newspapers when these could be considered helpful. Additional bibliographies can be found in many of the book-length works listed below; see Further reading for several book and chapter length bibliographies. The External links section contains entries for publicly available select bibliographies from universities. Inclusion criteria The period covered is 1904–1923, beginning approximately with the 1905 Russian Revolution and ending approximately with the death of Lenin. The works on the Revolution and Civil War in the Russian Empire extend to 1926. Topics covered include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Collegium Of The Supreme Court Of The Soviet Union
The Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union () was created in 1924 by the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union as a court for the higher military and political personnel of the Red Army and Fleet. In addition it was an immediate supervisor of military tribunals and the supreme authority of military appeals. During 1926–1948 the Chairman of the Collegium was Vasiliy Ulrikh. The role of the Military Collegium drastically changed after June 1934, when it was assigned the duty to consider cases that fell under Article 58, counter-revolutionary activity. During the Great Purge of 1937–1938 the Military Collegium tried relatively prominent figures, usually based on the lists approved personally by Joseph Stalin, the majority of Article 58 cases having been processed extrajudicially by NKVD troikas. In particular, the Military Collegium conducted the major Soviet show trials. The Collegium was also involved in a subsequent trial of Polish General Leopold ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Commissariat For Posts And Telegraphs Of The USSR
People's Commissariat for Posts and Telegraphs of the USSR was the central organ of the Soviet Union government that was in charge of the organisation and administration of the different forms of communication including posts. It existed between 1923 and 1932. History In 1922, the Soviet Union was formed. Its founding document stated that, among different areas, "jurisdiction of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, as represented by its supreme bodies shall be": The same document defined that "the Executive Body of the Central Executive Committee of the Union is the Council of People's Commissars of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (CPC Union), elected by the Central Executive Committee of the Union for the term of the latter," and it would comprise the People's Commissar for Posts and Telegraphs. In the Council of People's Commissars of the Union republics, the People's Commissariat for Posts and Telegraphs had "an advisory capacity." Accordingly, after the for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Dzhugashvili; 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, General Secretary of the Communist Party from 1922 to 1952 and as the fourth Premier of the Soviet Union, premier from 1941 until his death. He initially governed as part of a Collective leadership in the Soviet Union, collective leadership, but Joseph Stalin's rise to power, consolidated power to become an absolute dictator by the 1930s. Stalin codified the party's official interpretation of Marxism as Marxism–Leninism, while the totalitarian political system he created is known as Stalinism. Born into a poor Georgian family in Gori, Georgia, Gori, Russian Empire, Stalin attended the Tiflis Theological Seminary before joining the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. He raised f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazan
Kazan; , IPA: Help:IPA/Tatar, [qɑzan] is the largest city and capital city, capital of Tatarstan, Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Volga and the Kazanka (river), Kazanka Rivers, covering an area of , with a population of over 1.3 million residents, and up to nearly 2 million residents in the greater Kazan metropolitan area, metropolitan area. Kazan is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, fifth-largest city in Russia, being the Volga#Biggest cities on the shores of the Volga, most populous city on the Volga, as well as within the Volga Federal District. Historically, Kazan was the capital of the Khanate of Kazan, and was Siege of Kazan, conquered by Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century, at which point the city became a part of the Tsardom of Russia. The city was seized (and largely destroyed) during Pugachev's Rebellion (1773–1775), but was later rebuilt during the reign of Catherine the Great. In the following centuries, Kazan grew to become a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
