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Nicolasa Valdés
María Nicolasa de Valdés y de la Carrera, Countess of La Conquista (January 7, 1733 – December 18, 1810) was the inaugural First Lady of Chile from September 18, 1810, when her husband assumed the presidency in Chile's First Government Junta, until her death four months later. Nicolasa Valdés was of Basque descent, born in Santiago, the second daughter of Domingo de Valdés y González de Soberal and of Ana Francisca de Borja de la Carrera y Ureta. She married Mateo de Toro Zambrano, 1st Count of la Conquista Mateo de Toro Zambrano y Ureta, 1st Count of La Conquista (September 20, 1727c:File:Registro del bautismo de Mateo de Toro-Zambrano.jpg, Partida de bautismo de Mateo de Toro-Zambrano y Ureta – February 26, 1811), was a prominent Spanish militar ... on May 3, 1751, and together they had ten children. She died in Santiago, shortly before her husband, at the age of 77. Notes * * 1733 births 1810 deaths 19th-century Chilean women Viceroyalty of Peru p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercedes Fontecilla
María Mercedes Fontecilla y Fernández de Valdivieso (June 18, 1799 – May 5, 1853) was a First Lady of Chile for less than two months in 1814 through her marriage to José Miguel Carrera. Biography Fontecilla was born to Diego Antonio Fontecilla Palacios and Rosa Valdivieso Protusagasti in Santiago. On 20 August 1814, at 15, Fontecilla married 29 year old José Miguel Carrera, a political leader in Chile, at the Santiago Metropolitan Cathedral. Less than two months later, Carrera's forces were defeated in the Battle of Rancagua and the family, including Carrera's two brothers, fled to Mendoza, Argentina. While there, Fontecilla passed secret information between military personnel and sewed clothing for soldiers. Fontecilla supported and was affectionate towards her husband despite his long absences to Anapolis, Montevideo, and Buenos Aires as he sought allies to fight for Chilean independence. In 1821, Carrera was handed over to Colonel José Albino Gutiérrez as prisoner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mateo De Toro Zambrano, 1st Count Of La Conquista
Mateo de Toro Zambrano y Ureta, 1st Count of La Conquista (September 20, 1727c:File:Registro del bautismo de Mateo de Toro-Zambrano.jpg, Partida de bautismo de Mateo de Toro-Zambrano y Ureta – February 26, 1811), was a prominent Spanish military and political figure of Criollo people, Criollo descent. He held the position of a knight in the Order of Santiago and was the Majorat, lord of the Toro-Zambrano estate. Toro Zambrano earned great respect during the final years of colonial Chile, occupying significant roles in both the military and local administration. In 1810, following Francisco Antonio García Carrasco's resignation, he stepped into the role of interim president-governor and Captaincy General of Chile, captain general of Chile. While in this capacity, he faced persistent pressure to establish a governing junta in the region, a stance he opposed. On September 18, 1810, he assumed the presidency of the Government Junta of Chile (1810), First National Government Junta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santiago De Chile
Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile (), is the capital city, capital and largest city of Chile and one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is located in the country's Chilean Central Valley, central valley and is the center of the Santiago Metropolitan Region, which has a population of seven million, representing 40% of Chile's total population. Most of the city is situated between above mean sea level, above sea level. Founded in 1541 by the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Valdivia, Santiago has served as the capital city of Chile since colonial times. The city features a downtown core characterized by 19th-century neoclassical architecture and winding side streets with a mix of Art Deco, Gothic Revival, and other styles. Santiago's cityscape is defined by several Inselberg, standalone hills and the fast-flowing Mapocho River, which is lined by parks such as Parque Bicentenario, Parque Forestal, and Parque de la Familia. The Andes, Andes Mountains are visibl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Captaincy General Of Chile
The General Captaincy of Chile (''Capitanía General de Chile'' ), Governorate of Chile, or Kingdom of Chile, was a territory of the Spanish Empire from 1541 to 1818 that was, initially, part of the Viceroyalty of Peru. It comprised most of modern-day Chile and southern parts of Argentina in the Patagonia region. Its capital was Santiago de Chile. In 1810 it declared itself independent, with the Spanish Reconquest (Chile), reconquering the territory in 1814, but in 1818 it gained independence as the Chile, Republic of Chile. It had a number of Royal Governor of Chile, Spanish governors over its long history and several Monarch, kings. Name The Captaincy General of Chile was incorporated to the Crown of Castile as were all the other Spanish possessions in the New World. The Captaincy General of Chile was first known as New Extremadura (a name subsequently given to a part of Mexico) and then as Indian Spanish Flanders, Flanders. Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna noted that Chile has alw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Lady Of Chile
The first lady of Chile () is the title for the wife of the president of Chile, who is traditionally responsible for directing and coordinating activities in the social field of the presidency and accompanying the president in ceremonies or official activities, for example, on state visits. Although not an official title, it is widely used in formal protocol and has been used in some decrees. History In Colonial Chile, colonial times, the wives of the Royal Governor of Chile, royal governors (known also as "presidents") were called ''Presidentas''. The title was still in use after Chile become a republic in the 19th century; the term, was slowly superseded by the newer ''First Lady'', similar to the one used in other countries. Due to the complex evolution of the President of Chile, Head of State of Chile after the emancipation from Spain and the non-official character of the title, it is not possible to define who was the "first First Lady". Potential options include: * Nicola ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Junta Of Chile (1810)
The First Government Junta of Chile, officially the Provisional Government Junta of the Kingdom in the name of Ferdinand VII, was the organization established to rule post- colonial Chile following the deposition and imprisonment of King Ferdinand VII of Spain by Napoleon Bonaparte. It was the earliest step in the Chilean struggle for independence, and the anniversary of its establishment is celebrated as the national day of Chile. Background At the start of 1808, the Captaincy General of Chile—one of the smallest and poorest colonies in the Spanish Empire—was under the administration of Luis Muñoz de Guzmán, an able, respected and well-liked Royal Governor. In May 1808 the overthrow of Charles IV and Ferdinand VII, their replacement by Joseph Bonaparte and the start of the Peninsular War plunged the empire into a state of agitation. In the meantime, Chile was facing its own internal political problems. Governor Guzmán had suddenly died on February of that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basque People
The Basques ( or ; ; ; ) are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture and shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country ()—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France. Etymology The English word ''Basque'' may be pronounced or and derives from the French ''Basque'' (), itself derived from Gascon ''Basco'' (pronounced ), cognate with Spanish ''Vasco ''(pronounced ). Those, in turn, come from Latin ''Vascō'' (pronounced ; plural '' Vascōnēs''—see history section below). The Latin generally evolved into the bilabials and in Gascon and Spanish, probably under the influence of Basque and the related Aquitanian (the Latin /w/ instead evolved into in French, Ita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santiago De Chile
Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile (), is the capital city, capital and largest city of Chile and one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is located in the country's Chilean Central Valley, central valley and is the center of the Santiago Metropolitan Region, which has a population of seven million, representing 40% of Chile's total population. Most of the city is situated between above mean sea level, above sea level. Founded in 1541 by the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Valdivia, Santiago has served as the capital city of Chile since colonial times. The city features a downtown core characterized by 19th-century neoclassical architecture and winding side streets with a mix of Art Deco, Gothic Revival, and other styles. Santiago's cityscape is defined by several Inselberg, standalone hills and the fast-flowing Mapocho River, which is lined by parks such as Parque Bicentenario, Parque Forestal, and Parque de la Familia. The Andes, Andes Mountains are visibl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mateo De Toro Zambrano, 1st Count Of La Conquista
Mateo de Toro Zambrano y Ureta, 1st Count of La Conquista (September 20, 1727c:File:Registro del bautismo de Mateo de Toro-Zambrano.jpg, Partida de bautismo de Mateo de Toro-Zambrano y Ureta – February 26, 1811), was a prominent Spanish military and political figure of Criollo people, Criollo descent. He held the position of a knight in the Order of Santiago and was the Majorat, lord of the Toro-Zambrano estate. Toro Zambrano earned great respect during the final years of colonial Chile, occupying significant roles in both the military and local administration. In 1810, following Francisco Antonio García Carrasco's resignation, he stepped into the role of interim president-governor and Captaincy General of Chile, captain general of Chile. While in this capacity, he faced persistent pressure to establish a governing junta in the region, a stance he opposed. On September 18, 1810, he assumed the presidency of the Government Junta of Chile (1810), First National Government Junta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1733 Births
Events January–March * January 13 – Borommarachathirat V becomes King of Siam (now Thailand) upon the death of King Sanphet IX. * January 27 – George Frideric Handel's classic opera, ''Orlando'' is performed for the first time, making its debut at the King's Theatre in London. * February 12 – British colonist James Oglethorpe founds Savannah, Georgia. * March 21 – The Molasses Act is passed by British House of Commons, which reinforces the negative opinions of the British by American colonists. The Act then goes to the House of Lords, which consents to it on May 4 and it receives royal assent on May 17. * March 25 – English replaces Latin and Law French as the official language of English and Scottish courts following the enforcement of the Proceedings in Courts of Justice Act 1730. April–June * April 6 **After British Prime Minister Robert Walpole's proposed excise tax bill results in rioting over the imposition of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1810 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales. * January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic. * January 12 – The marriage of Napoleon and Joséphine is annulled. * February 13 – After seizing Jaén, Córdoba, Seville and Granada, Napoleonic troops enter Málaga under the command of General Horace Sebastiani. * February 17 – Napoleon Bonaparte decrees that Rome would become the second capital of the French Empire. * February 20 – Tyrolean rebel leader Andreas Hofer is executed. * March 11 – Napoleon marries Marie-Louise of Austria by proxy in Vienna. April–June * April 2 – Napoleon Bonaparte marries Marie Louise of Austria, Duchess of Parma, in person, in Paris. * April 19 – Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparán, Governor of the Captaincy General of Venezuela, is removed by the people of Caraca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century Chilean Women
The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanded beyond its British homeland for the first time during the 19th century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, France, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Catholic Church, in response to the growing influence and power of modernism, secularism and materialism, formed the First Vatican Council in the late 19th century to deal with such problems and confirm cer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
