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Nicolas Bay
Nicolas Bay (born 21 December 1977) is a French politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from France. He served as General Secretary of the National Front from 2014 to 2017. He has served as a Regional Councillor for Normandy since January 2016, having previously served as a Municipal Councillor for Elbeuf from 2014 to 2015. Life and career Bay was born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Yvelines. He joined the National Front at 15, in 1992. He soon became the leader of the National Front's youth wing (FNJ) in the Yvelines and Île-de-France region. In 1998, along with Guillaume Peltier, he founded the Youth Christian Action Association (AJAC), a movement which opposed the PACS and euthanasia. It claimed around 250 members and was close to the National Republican Movement (MNR), led by Bruno Mégret. In 1998, during the FN split, he joined Bruno Mégret's National Republican Movement, first as deputy national director of the National Movement of Youth (youth branc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Member Of The European Parliament
A member of the European Parliament (MEP) is a person who has been Election, elected to serve as a popular representative in the European Parliament. When the European Parliament (then known as the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community) first met in 1952, its members were directly appointed by the governments of member states from among those already sitting in their own national parliaments. Since 1979, however, MEPs have been elected by direct universal suffrage every five years. Each Member state of the European Union, member state establishes its own method for electing MEPs – and in some states this has changed over time – but the system chosen must be a form of proportional representation. Some member states elect their MEPs to represent a single national constituency; other states apportion seats to sub-national regions for election. There may also be non-voting observers when a Enlargement of the European Union, new country is seeking membershi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplôme D'études Universitaires Générales
The Diplôme d'études universitaires générales (French for ''General Academic Studies Degree''), abbreviated DEUG, was a French undergraduate degree that required two years of studies, roughly equivalent to an associate degree in the American educational system. With thorough and proper matriculation, AA (Associate of Arts) or AS (Associate of Science) degrees can be equivalent to the first two years of study at an American university. It was delivered between 1973 and the (implemented between 2003 and 2006 depending on the university) by universities one year before the three-year license degree, roughly equivalent to a bachelor's degree in the American educational system. History Creation The DEUG was created in 1973 by the government department of Joseph Fontanet, and replaced the various diplomas and undergraduate studies in each faculty: the general legal diploma, the general economic diploma, the degree of literary studies and the degree of scientific studies. Acco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2004 French Regional Elections
4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is a square number, the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures. Evolution of the Hindu-Arabic digit Brahmic numerals represented 1, 2, and 3 with as many lines. 4 was simplified by joining its four lines into a cross that looks like the modern plus sign. The Shunga would add a horizontal line on top of the digit, and the Kshatrapa and Pallava evolved the digit to a point where the speed of writing was a secondary concern. The Arabs' 4 still had the early concept of the cross, but for the sake of efficiency, was made in one stroke by connecting the "western" end to the "northern" end; the "eastern" end was finished off with a curve. The Europeans dropped the finishing curve and gradually made the digit less cursive, ending up with a digit very close to the original Brahmin cross. While the shape of the character ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2002 French Legislative Election
Legislative elections were held in France on 9 and 16 June 2002, to elect the 12th National Assembly of the Fifth Republic, in a context of political crisis. The Socialist Prime Minister Lionel Jospin announced his political retirement after his elimination at the first round of the 2002 presidential elections. President Jacques Chirac was easily reelected, all the Republican parties having called to block far-right leader Jean-Marie Le Pen. Chirac's conservative supporters created the Union for the Presidential Majority (''Union pour la majorité présidentielle'' or UMP) to prepare for the legislative elections. The first round of the presidential election was a shock for the two main coalitions. The candidates of the parliamentary right obtained 32% of votes, and the candidates of the "Plural Left" only 27%. In the first polls, for the legislative elections, they were equal. The UMP campaigned against "cohabitation", which is blamed for causing confusion profitable to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 French Municipal Elections
Municipal elections were held in France on 11 and 18 March 2001. These elections were marked by a setback for the left and a victory for the right one year before the 2002 presidential election. However, the capital, Paris and the second largest city, Lyon both switched to the left. Following the second round, the right controlled 318 municipalities, the left 259. The next elections were scheduled for 2007 but were rescheduled to 2008 to avoid interfering with the legislative and presidential elections of 2007. Results in major cities Municipal councillors of cities with 35,000+ population Results by party Left (PS, PCF, Greens) Communists The number of cities of over 30,000 inhabitants held by the communists shrank from 37 to 27 following the 2001 municipal elections. After the loss of Le Havre after the preceding municipal elections, the Communist Party lost the cities it managed to reconquer in 1995 (La Ciotat, Sète, Nîmes) like some of its former bastions (Dra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sartrouville
Sartrouville () is a communes of France, commune in the Yvelines departments of France, department, Île-de-France, north central France. it is located in the north-western suburbs of Paris, from the Kilometre Zero, center of Paris. Name In the Middle Ages the name Sartrouville was recorded in Medieval Latin as ''Sartoris Villa''. The origin and meaning of ''Sartoris Villa'' is still debated. Some think the name comes from the Roman Empire, Roman patronym ''Saturus'' (probably a Gallo-Roman landowner) and means "estate (''villa'') of Saturus". Others believe that the word ''sartoris'' comes from the Medieval Latin past participle ''exsartum'' ("cleared for cultivation"), from Latin ''sartum'' ("hoed"), and means "estate of the land-clearers", probably in reference to the deforestation that took place around Sartrouville in ancient history, Antiquity or in the Early Middle Ages to enable the cultivation of the land. History The Hôtel de Ville, Sartrouville, Hôtel de Ville was es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruno Mégret
Bruno Mégret (; born 4 April 1949) is a French former nationalist politician. He was the leader of the Mouvement National Républicain political party, but retired in 2008 from all political action. Youth and studies Born in Paris, Mégret studied at the École Polytechnique and at the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, and is by profession a senior civil servant. He also holds a Master's degree from the University of California, Berkeley. A graduate of the armored cavalry school of Saumur, he is also a reserve army captain. Mégret was ranked 317th at the competition for entrance at École Polytechnique in 1969, and since at that time only 300 candidates were admitted every year, he could enter only because some students preferred to study at the slightly more prestigious École Normale Supérieure and turned down the École Polytechnique. However, at École Polytechnique he proved a very dedicated student, and was ranked 18th at the end of the studies. This enabled him ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euthanasia
Euthanasia (from : + ) is the practice of intentionally ending life to eliminate pain and suffering. Different countries have different Legality of euthanasia, euthanasia laws. The British House of Lords Select committee (United Kingdom), select committee on medical ethics defines euthanasia as "a deliberate intervention undertaken with the express intention of ending a life to relieve intractable suffering". In the Netherlands and Belgium, euthanasia is understood as "termination of life by a doctor at the request of a patient". The Dutch law, however, does not use the term 'euthanasia' but includes the concept under the broader definition of "assisted suicide and termination of life on request". Euthanasia is categorised in different ways, which include Voluntary euthanasia, voluntary, Non-voluntary euthanasia, non-voluntary, and Involuntary euthanasia, involuntary. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Solidarity Pact
In France, a civil solidarity pact (), commonly known as a ''PACS'' (), is a contractual form of civil union between two adults for organising their joint life. It brings rights and responsibilities, but less so than marriage. The PACS was voted for by the French Parliament in October 1999, largely to offer some legal status to same-sex couples. From a legal standpoint, a PACS is a contract drawn up between the two individuals, which is stamped and registered by the clerk of the court. In some areas, couples signing a PACS have the option of undergoing a formal ceremony at the city hall identical to that of civil marriage. Since 2006, individuals who have registered a PACS are no longer considered ''single person, single'' in terms of their marital status; their birth records will be amended to show their status as ''wikt:pacser, pacsé''. PACS remain available to both same and opposite-sex couples despite the Same-sex marriage in France, introduction of marriage and adoption ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guillaume Peltier
Guillaume Peltier (; born 27 August 1976) is a French politician, former teacher and business leader, who was elected as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in 2024. He represented the 2nd constituency of the Loir-et-Cher department in the National Assembly from 2017 to 2022. He has also served in the Departmental Council of Loir-et-Cher for the canton of Chambord since 2021. A former member of The Republicans, Peltier joined Reconquête to support Éric Zemmour's presidential candidacy in 2022. Career Peltier is a former member of the National Front (FN) and former leader of its youth section. He led The Strong Right, a right-wing populist faction of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), later The Republicans (LR), similar to The Popular Right faction. Peltier was a founder of the anti-abortion student group Young Christian Action (Jeunesse Action Chrétienté). In 2014, he was elected as mayor of Neung-sur-Beuvron and chairman of the Communauté de Communes de l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ÃŽle-de-France
The ÃŽle-de-France (; ; ) is the most populous of the eighteen regions of France, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 residents on 1 January 2023. Centered on the capital Paris, it is located in the north-central part of the country and often called the Paris Region (, ). ÃŽle-de-France is densely populated and retains a prime economic position on the national stage, and it covers , about 2% of Metropolitan France, metropolitan French territory. Its 2017 population was nearly one-fifth of the national total. The region is made up of eight administrative Departments of France, departments: Paris, Essonne, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, Seine-et-Marne, Val-de-Marne, Val-d'Oise and Yvelines. It was created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961. In 1976, when its status was aligned with the French administrative regions created in 1972, it was renamed after the historic province of ÃŽle-de-France. Residents are sometimes referred to as ''Franciliens'', an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yvelines
Yvelines () is a department in the western part of the Île-de-France region in Northern France. In 2019, it had a population of 1,448,207.Populations légales 2019: 78 Yvelines INSEE Its prefecture is Versailles, home to the , the principal residence of the King of France from 1682 until 1789, a [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
