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Nicolae Cristea (priest)
Nicolae Cristea ( – February 7, 1902) was an Austro-Hungarian ethnic Romanian Orthodox priest, professor, journalist and political activist. A protégé of Andrei Șaguna, he studied in Germany before returning to edit the church's newspaper for nearly two decades, a period during which he also taught at the theological seminary in Sibiu. He was politically active, a stance that culminated in the early 1890s with his signing of the Transylvanian Memorandum and subsequent imprisonment. Biography Origins and education Born to peasant parents in Ocna Sibiului, in the Transylvania region, he began primary school in his native village before continuing at a Roman Catholic school in nearby Sibiu. He attended the state high school there, also Catholic in orientation: from 1848 to 1850, his courses were in Latin, and then in German until graduation. In 1857, he became a student at the city's theological academy, remaining there until 1859. While enrolled at the school, he met his even ...
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Nicolae Cristea Preot
Nicolae may refer to: * Nicolae (name), a Romanian name * ''Nicolae'' (novel), a 1997 novel See also *Nicolai (other) *Nicolao Nicolao is an Italian given name and a surname. It may refer to the following: Given name * Nicolao Civitali (1482 - after 1560), Italian sculptor and architect * Nicolao Colletti (18th century), Italian mathematician * Nicolao Dorati (c. 1513 � ...
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Prime Minister Of Hungary
The prime minister of Hungary ( hu, Magyarország miniszterelnöke) is the head of government of Hungary. The prime minister and the Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate. The current holder of the office is Viktor Orbán, leader of the Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance, who has served since 29 May 2010. According to the Hungarian Constitution, the prime minister is nominated by the president of Hungary and formally elected by the National Assembly. Constitutionally, the president is required to nominate the leader of the political party who wins a majority of seats in the National Assembly as prime minister. If there is no party with a majority, the president holds an audience with the leaders of all parties represented in the assembly and nominates the person who is most likely to command a majority in the assembly, who is then formally elected by a simple majori ...
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Romanian Old Kingdom
The Romanian Old Kingdom ( ro, Vechiul Regat or just ''Regat''; german: Regat or ) is a colloquial term referring to the territory covered by the first independent Romanian nation state, which was composed of the Romanian Principalities: Wallachia and Moldavia. The union of the two principalities was achieved when, under the auspices of the Treaty of Paris (1856), the ''ad hoc'' Divans of both countries, which were then under Ottoman Empire suzerainty, voted for Alexander Ioan Cuza as their prince. This process achieved a ''de facto'' unification under the name of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. The region itself is defined by the result of that political act, followed by the Romanian War of Independence, the inclusion of Northern Dobruja and the transfer of the southern part of Bessarabia to the Russian Empire in 1878, the proclamation of the Kingdom of Romania in 1881, and the annexation of Southern Dobruja in 1913. The term came into use after World Wa ...
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Ioan Mețianu
Ioan Mețianu (; May 9, 1828–February 3, 1916) was an Austro-Hungarian cleric of the Romanian Orthodox Church. Born in Zărnești, in the Transylvania region, he attended high school in Brașov and Cluj, studying theology in Sibiu. He served as a priest in Râșnov (1853-1857) and in Zărnești (1857-1874), rising to archpriest in 1859. He belonged to various diocesan institutions in Sibiu, was a member of the national church council and an ally of Metropolitan Andrei Șaguna. After remaining a widower, he was elected vicar bishop for Oradea Oradea (, , ; german: Großwardein ; hu, Nagyvárad ) is a city in Romania, located in Crișana, a sub-region of Transylvania. The county seat, seat of Bihor County, Oradea is one of the most important economic, social and cultural centers in the ..., a post he held from 1874 to 1875. Then, from 1875 to 1898, he was Bishop of Arad. In December 1898, he was elected Archbishop of Sibiu and Metropolitan of Transylvania. Enthron ...
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Prime Minister Of Romania
The prime minister of Romania ( ro, Prim-ministrul României), officially the prime minister of the Government of Romania ( ro, Prim-ministrul Guvernului României, link=no), is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was styled ''President of the Council of Ministers'' ( ro, Președintele Consiliului de Miniștri, link=no), when the term "Government" included more than the Cabinet, and the Cabinet was called the ''Council of Ministers'' ( ro, Consiliul de Miniștri). The title was officially changed to ''Prime Minister'' by the 1965 Constitution of Romania during the communist regime. The current prime minister is Nicolae Ciucă of the National Liberal Party (PNL), who has been serving since November 2021 onwards as the head of government of the National Coalition for Romania (CNR). Nomination One of the roles of the president of the republic is to designate a candidate for the office of prime minister. The president must consult with the party that ...
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Dimitrie Sturdza
Dimitrie Sturdza (, in full Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza-Miclăușanu; 10 March 183321 October 1914) was a Romanian statesman and author of the late 19th century, and president of the Romanian Academy between 1882 and 1884. Biography Born in Iași, Moldavia, and was educated there at the ''Academia Mihăileană''. He continued his studies in Germany at Munich, Göttingen, Bonn, and Berlin. He took part in the political movements of the time. Sturdza was private secretary to Prince Alexander John Cuza. He afterwards turned against the increasingly unsanctioned rule of Cuza: He became Minister of Public Instruction in 1859, and was one of the most zealous promoters of the overthrow of Cuza. In 1866, he joined Ion Brătianu and others in the deposition of Cuza, and the election of Prince Charles of Hohenzollern (later Carol I of Romania). He became a member of the Liberal government. In the cabinet of Bratianu, 1876–88, he repeatedly held ministerial posts. In 1892 he was elect ...
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Vác
Vác (; german: Waitzen; sk, Vacov; yi, ווייצען) is a town in Pest county in Hungary with approximately 35,000 inhabitants. The archaic spelling of the name is ''Vácz''. Location Vác is located north of Budapest on the eastern bank of the Danube river, below the bend where the river changes course and flows south. The town is seated at the foot of the Naszály Mountain in the foothills of the Carpathians. Modern Vác Vác is a commercial center as well as a popular summer resort for citizens of Budapest. The Vác Cathedral, built 1761–1777, was modelled after St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. The episcopal palace houses a museum for Roman and medieval artifacts. The city is also known for its 18th-century arch of triumph and for its beautiful baroque city center. History Settlement in Vác dating as far back as the Roman Empire has been found. The origin of its name is debated. One hypothesis says that the name comes from a Hungarian tribal name "Vath". Another theory ...
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Ioan Rațiu
Ioan is a variation on the name John found in Romanian, Bulgarian, Russian, Welsh (), and Sardinian. It is usually masculine. The female equivalent in Romanian and Bulgarian is Ioana. In Russia, the name Ioann is usually reserved for the clergy (when a person called Ivan becomes a priest or a monk, he becomes known as Ioann). People with the name Romanian * Ioan-Aurel Pop, historian * Ioan Alexandru, poet * Ioan Andone, footballer and coach * Ioan Apostol, luger * Ioan Baba, poet * Ioan A. Bassarabescu, writer and politician * Ioan Teodor Callimachi, Prince of Moldavia * Ioan Cantacuzino, microbiologist * Ioan Gheorghe Caragea, Prince of Wallachia * Ioan Carlaonț, World War II general * Ioan Mihai Cochinescu, novelist * Ioan Condruc, footballer * Ioan P. Culianu, historian and philosopher * Ioan Dumitrache, World War II general * Ioan Fiscuteanu, actor * Ioan Flueraș, politician * Ioan Gherghel, swimmer * Ioan Iacob Heraclid, Prince of Moldavia * Ioan Holender, op ...
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Romanian National Party
The Romanian National Party ( ro, Partidul Național Român, PNR), initially known as the Romanian National Party in Transylvania and Banat (), was a political party which was initially designed to offer ethnic representation to Romanians in the Kingdom of Hungary, the Transleithanian half of Austria-Hungary, and especially to those in Transylvania and Banat. After the end of World War I, it became one of the main parties in Romania, and formed the government with Alexandru Vaida-Voevod between November 1919 and March 1920. History In Austria-Hungary The party was formed on May 12, 1881 as the union of the National Party of Romanians in Transylvania (''Partidul Național al Românilor din Transilvania'') and the National Party of Romanians in Banat and Hungary (''Partidul Național al Românilor din Banat și Ungaria''), both created in 1869 (two years after the '' Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867''). Its policies were connected with Liberalism and the Romanian middle class, ...
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Tribuna (Romania)
''Tribuna'' (russian: Трибуна) is a weekly Russian newspaper that focuses largely on industry and the energy sector. History Tribunas published its first publication in July 1969. Until 1990, the newspaper titled the ''Sotsialisticheskaya Industriya'', then it was renamed into the ''Rabochaya Tribuna''. In 1989 the newspaper was closed by the CPSU Central Committee; one year later it was reorganized as Rabochaya Tribuna. Since April 1998 for newspaper fixed the current title. Since the 2000s (decade) it is owned by media holding Gazprom Media Gazprom-Media (russian: ОАО Газпром-Медиа) is the largest Russian media holding. Gazprom-Media was established in January 1998 as a subsidiary of the 1997 established Gazprom Media Holdings. On its founding in 1997, Gazprom Media .... Oleg Kuzin has been serving as chief-editor since 2004. Awards and recognitions In 2009, on its 40th anniversary, the newspaper was awarded the national Iskra prize in the  spe ...
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Romanian War Of Independence
The Romanian War of Independence is the name used in Romanian historiography to refer to the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78), following which Romania, fighting on the Russian side, gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. On , Romania and the Russian Empire signed a treaty at Bucharest under which Russian troops were allowed to pass through Romanian territory, with the condition that Russia respected the integrity of Romania. Consequently, the mobilization of the Romanian troops also began, and about 120,000 soldiers were massed in the south of the country to defend against an eventual attack of the Ottoman forces from south of the Danube. On , Russia declared war on the Ottoman Empire and its troops entered Romania through the newly built Eiffel Bridge, on their way to the Ottoman Empire. Due to great losses, the Russian Empire asked Romania to intervene. On , the first Romanian Army units crossed the Danube and joined forces with the Russian Army. Romanian proclamation of ind ...
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Magyarization
Magyarization ( , also ''Hungarization'', ''Hungarianization''; hu, magyarosítás), after "Magyar"—the Hungarian autonym—was an assimilation or acculturation process by which non-Hungarian nationals living in Austro-Hungarian Transleithania adopted the Hungarian national identity and language in the period between the Compromise of 1867 and Austria-Hungary's dissolution in 1918. Magyarization occurred both voluntarily and as a result of social pressure, and was mandated in certain respects by specific government policies. Before the World War I, only three European countries declared ethnic minority rights, and enacted minority-protecting laws: the first was Hungary (1849 and 1868), the second was Austria (1867), and the third was Belgium (1898). In contrast, the legal systems of other pre-WW1 era European countries did not allow the use of European minority languages in primary schools, in cultural institutions, in offices of public administration and at the legal cou ...
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