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Nicholas III Hahót
Nicholas (III) from the kindred Hahót (; died 1291) was a Hungarian noble and landowner, whose rebellion against the newly crowned Stephen V of Hungary Stephen V (, , ; before 18 October 1239 – 6 August 1272) was King of Hungary and King of Croatia, Croatia between 1270 and 1272, and Duke of Styria from 1258 to 1260. He was the oldest son of King Béla IV and Maria Laskarina. King Béla ... in 1270 was a dress rehearsal for the era of feudal anarchy lasted until the 1320s, and also caused the 1271 war between Hungary and Bohemia. Biography Nicholas III was born into the Hahót (genus), ''gens'' Hahót as one of the two sons of Arnold II Hahót, Arnold II, who served as Palatine of Hungary for a short time in 1242. His younger brother was Arnold III Hahót, Arnold III, who was still minor during Nicholas' rebellion in 1270.Engel: ''Genealógia'' (Genus Hahót 1.) His pre-rebellion career is unknown, but he owned Purbach am Neusiedlersee, Purbach () in Sopron County. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hahót (genus)
Hahót or Hahót–Buzád (also ''Hoholt'', ''Hadod'' or ''Hahold'') was the name of a ''gens'' (Latin for "clan"; ''nemzetség'' in Hungarian) in the Kingdom of Hungary, several prominent secular dignitaries came from this kindred. The last noble family, which originated from the kindred, became extinct in 1849. Origins According to the fourteenth-century chronicle composition, the Hahót kindred descended from the Counts of Orlamünde, arriving to Hungary in the 1160s upon the invitation of Stephen III of Hungary, Stephen III to help to defeat the rebelled Csák (genus), Csák kindred. The first member of the clan was Hahold I Hahót, Hahold (Hahót), who suppressed the rebellion with his soldiers. The chronicle says Stephen, who invited the Hahóts, was a son of Béla II of Hungary, Béla II, which description fits to Stephen III's uncle, Anti-king Stephen IV of Hungary, Stephen IV. However both historians János Karácsonyi and Elemér Mályusz argued, the Hahóts took part i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry I Kőszegi
Henry (I) Kőszegi from the kindred Héder (, , ; died 26/29 September 1274), commonly known as Henry the Great, was a Hungarian influential lord in the second half of the 13th century who was the founder and first member of the powerful Kőszegi family. Henry was one of the most notable earlier "oligarchs" who ruled ''de facto'' independently their dominion during the era of feudal anarchy. In his early career, Henry was the most loyal supporter of King Béla IV, who drifted into a civil war with his son and heir, Duke Stephen. After the death of Béla IV in 1270, Henry went into exile to Bohemia. Stephen V died suddenly in 1272 and so Henry was able to return to Hungary. He became a central figure in the internal conflicts between the rival baronial groups. He brutally massacred Béla of Macsó in November 1272 and later also kidnapped the six-year-old Duke Andrew in July 1274. Henry was killed in the Battle of Föveny in September 1274. Historography in the 19th century inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esztergom
Esztergom (; ; or ; , known by Names of European cities in different languages: E–H#E, alternative names) is a city with county rights in northern Hungary, northwest of the capital Budapest. It lies in Komárom-Esztergom County, on the right bank of the river Danube, which forms the border with Slovakia there. Esztergom was the Capitals of Hungary, capital of Hungary from the 10th until the mid-13th century when King Béla IV of Hungary moved the royal seat to Buda. Esztergom is the seat of the ''prímás'' (see Primate (bishop), Primate) of the Catholic Church in Hungary, and the former seat of the Constitutional Court of Hungary. The city has a Keresztény Múzeum, Christian Museum with the largest ecclesiastical collection in Hungary. Its cathedral, Esztergom Basilica, is the largest church in Hungary. Near the Basilica there is a campus of the Pázmány Péter Catholic University. Toponym The Roman town was called ''Solva''. The medieval Latin name was ''Strigoniu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Styria
The Duchy of Styria (; ; ) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918. History It was created by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1180 when he raised the March of Styria to a duchy of equal rank with neighbouring Carinthia and Bavaria, after the fall of the Bavarian Duke Henry the Lion earlier that year. Margrave Ottokar IV thereby became the first duke of Styria and also the last of the ancient Otakar dynasty. As Ottokar had no issue, he in 1186 signed the Georgenberg Pact with the mighty House of Babenberg, rulers of Austria since 976, after which both duchies should in perpetuity be ruled in personal union. Upon his death in 1192, Styria as stipulated fell to the Babenberg Leopold V, Duke of Austria. The Austrian Babenbergs became extinct in 1246, when Duke Frederick II was killed in bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Of Hungary, Duchess Of Macsó
Anna of Hungary (born 1226) was a daughter of Béla IV of Hungary and his wife, Maria Laskarina. Anna was a member of the House of Árpád. Anna gained many titles from her marriage to Rostislav Mikhailovich. Family Anna was the third of ten children born to her parents. She was sister to three saints: Kinga, Margaret and Blessed Jolenta. Other siblings included Stephen V of Hungary and Elizabeth of Hungary, Duchess of Bavaria. Her paternal grandparents were Andrew II of Hungary and Gertrude of Merania, sister to Agnes of Merania. Her maternal grandparents were Theodore I Laskaris and Anna Komnena Angelina. Marriage In 1243, Anna married Rostislav Mikhailovich. Rostislav could not strengthen his rule in Halych, so he went to the court of King Béla IV of Hungary, and there he married Anna. Anna had always been her father's favourite daughter. He allowed her to exercise more and more influence over him. In his last will, Béla entrusted his daughter and his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Geregye
Nicholas from the kindred Geregye (; died after 1279) was a Hungarian baron and landowner, member of the ''gens'' Geregye, who held several positions. Family He was the son of judge royal Paul (d. before 1271) and an unidentified mother from the Győr clan, who was a granddaughter of palatine Pat Győr. The Geregye kindred originated from Zala and Vas counties, the westernmost part of Hungary, but Nicholas' father acquired several domains in Tiszántúl, mostly Bihar, Szolnok and Kraszna counties since the 1240s, which region had become the center of his political aspirations thereafter. Nicholas had three brothers – Stephen, Geregye II, Eth II – and a sister, Agnes who married Turul Nagymihályi and after her husband's death, she joined to the monastery at Margaret Island. Nicholas' grandfather was voivode Eth I. As Geregye and Eth appeared in contemporary records decades later at the turn of the 1270s and 1280s than their elder brothers, historian Attila Zsoldos cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transdanubia
Transdanubia ( ; , or ', ) is a traditional region of Hungary. It is also referred to as Hungarian Pannonia, or Pannonian Hungary. Administrative divisions Traditional interpretation The borders of Transdanubia are the Danube River (north and east), the Drava and Mur River, Mura rivers (south), and the foothills of the Alps roughly along the border between Hungary and Austria (west). Transdanubia comprises the counties of Győr-Moson-Sopron, Komárom-Esztergom, Fejér, Veszprém (county), Veszprém, Vas, Zala County, Zala, Somogy County (former), Somogy, Tolna (county), Tolna, Baranya (county), Baranya and the part of Pest (county), Pest that lies west of the Danube. (In the early Middle Ages the latter was known as Pilis county.) This article deals with Transdanubia in this geographical meaning. Territorial changes While the northern, eastern and southern borders of the region are clearly marked by the Danube and Drava rivers, the western border was always identical with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panyit Miskolc
Panyit from the kindred Miskolc (; died 1273 or 1274) was a Hungarian lord and military leader in the 13th century, a faithful confidant of Stephen V of Hungary. He served as Ban of Severin in 1270. Family and diplomatic missions Panyit was born into the ancient ''gens'' (clan) Miskolc as the son of Paul I, whose parentage is unknown, thus his kinship relations to the branches of the clan is unknown.Engel: ''Genealógia'' (Genus Miskolc 9., fragments) Panyit and his family possessed lands in Borsod County, but their branch was relatively not wealthy in comparison to the senior branches. They owned estates surrounding Miskolc, including Hejőcsaba (today a borough of Miskolc) until 1256, when Panyit handed over his portion to his distant relatives, the sons of Munkucs. He acquired the nearby village Bőcs in 1263. Panyit built a stone castle called Éleskő in the Bükk Mountains near Szilvásvárad by the early 1260s, which became the centre of his lordship. When the Mongols inva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archbishop Of Esztergom
In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdiocese (#Non-metropolitan_archiepiscopal_sees, with some exceptions), or are otherwise granted a Titular bishop, titular archbishopric. In others, such as the Lutheranism, Lutheran Church of Sweden, the title is only borne by the leader of the denomination. Etymology The word ''archbishop'' () comes via the Latin . This in turn comes from the Greek language, Greek , which has as components the etymons -, meaning 'chief', , 'over', and , 'guardian, watcher'. Early history The earliest appearance of neither the title nor the role can be traced. The title of "metropolitan" was apparently well known by the 4th century, when there are references in the canons of the First Council of Nicæa of 325 and Synods of Antioch, Council of Antioch of 341 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip Türje
Philip from the kindred Türje (, ; – 18 December 1272), also known as, albeit incorrectly, Philip of Szentgrót () was a Hungarian prelate in the 13th century, who served as Bishop of Zagreb from 1247 or 1248 to 1262, and as Archbishop of Esztergom from 1262 until his death. Early life Philip was born around 1218 and raised in the royal court. He belonged to the influential Türje (genus), ''gens'' (clan) Türje, which originated from Zala County (former), Zala County. His father was Joachim Türje, Joachim (or Ivachin), who functioned as Count of Hermannstadt around 1210. In this capacity, he commanded an army of Transylvanian Saxons, Saxons, Vlachs, Székelys and Pechenegs to assist Boril of Bulgaria's fight against three rebellious Cumans, Cuman chieftains in that year. Philip's cousin was the powerful baron and soldier Denis Türje, Palatine of Hungary in the 1240s. Philip had a brother Thomas Türje, Thomas, the ''ispán'' of Karakó ispánate and forefather of the Szentgr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubinus Hermán
Rubinus from the kindred Hermán (, also Rubin or Ruben; died after 1283) was a Hungarian soldier and nobleman, who served as Judge royal in 1283, during the reign of Ladislaus IV of Hungary. Family Rubinus was born into the ''gens'' (clan) Hermán as the son of ''comes'' Herman, whose parents are unidentified, as a result there is inability to connect his person to the three known branches of the clan in the genealogy, but his activity and land properties confirmed, he belonged to the kindred's ancient Vas County branch. Rubinus had two brothers, Feldricus and Charles. According to the contemporary Simon of Kéza's ''Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum'', the ancestor of the Hermán kindred, knight Herman originated from Nuremberg, who escorted Gisela of Bavaria to Hungary in 996. She became the wife of Stephen I of Hungary, the future first King of Hungary. Following that Herman received land donations in Vas County. Both ''magister'' Simon and the 14th-century ''Illuminated Chronicle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castle Warrior
A castle warrior or castle serf (, )Bán 1989, p. 237. was a landholder obliged to provide military services to the ''ispán'' or head of a royal castle district in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Castle warriors "formed a privileged, elite class that ruled over the mass of castle folk"Engel 2001, p. 71. (Pál Engel) from the establishment of the kingdom around 1000 AD. Due to the disintegration of the system of castle districts, many castle warriors became serfs working on the lands of private landholders in the 13th and 14th centuries; however, some of them were granted a full or " conditional noble" status. Origins The origin of castle warriors can probably be traced back to Stephen I, the first crowned king of Hungary (1000 or 1001–1038), since most royal castles were erected during his reign. However, the settlement of armed commoners around princely fortresses may well have begun under the rule of his father, Grand Prince Géza. The ''jobbágy'' or ''iobagio'' ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
