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Nicaraguan Democratic Force
The Nicaraguan Democratic Force (', or FDN) was one of the earliest Contra groups, formed on August 11, 1981 in Guatemala City. It was formed to oppose Nicaragua's revolutionary Sandinista government following the 1979 overthrow of Anastasio Somoza Debayle. It merged the 15th of September Legion, which comprised mostly former members of Somoza's National Guard, with the Nicaraguan Democratic Union, an organization of émigrés from the business and professional classes. The new FDN also began assimilating the MILPAS movement, bands led by disenchanted former MAP-ML guerrillas. The FDN military was under the command of former National Guard colonel Enrique Bermúdez. The FDN was heavily backed by the Central Intelligence Agency and the Reagan administration. Famous commanders These are some of the FDN's better-known ''comandantes'': *Suicida – ''Pedro Pablo Ortiz Centeno''. Former Guard sergeant, operated in the Jalapa area. Legendary for his eagerness for battle, but never f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contras
The Contras were the various U.S.-backed and funded right-wing rebel groups that were active from 1979 to 1990 in opposition to the Marxist Sandinista Junta of National Reconstruction Government in Nicaragua, which came to power in 1979 following the Nicaraguan Revolution. Among the separate contra groups, the Nicaraguan Democratic Force (FDN) emerged as the largest by far. In 1987, virtually all Contra organizations were united, at least nominally, into the Nicaraguan Resistance. During their war against the Nicaraguan government, the Contras committed numerous human rights violations and used terrorist tactics. These actions were frequently carried out systematically as a part of the strategy of the Contras. Supporters of the Contras tried to downplay these violations, particularly the Reagan administration in the U.S., which engaged in a campaign of white propaganda to alter public opinion in favor of the Contras, while covertly encouraging the Contras to attack ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jalapa, Nueva Segovia
Jalapa is a city and a municipality in the Nueva Segovia Department of Nicaragua. It is located in northern Nicaragua, close to the Honduras border. Jalapa has been Boulder, Colorado's sister city since 1983. Contra war Jalapa, which is located on the border of Honduras, was the location of two failed attempts of the CIA funded Contras to overthrow the city and install a provisional government, in late 1982 and December 1983, in which the CIA informed the contras would be immediately recognized by the United States Government. p. 187-191 International relations Sister city Jalapa's sister city is: * Boulder, Colorado Boulder is a home rule city that is the county seat and most populous municipality of Boulder County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 108,250 at the 2020 United States census, making it the 12th most populous city in Color ..., United States, since 1987 See alsoFriendship City Project: Boulder Jalapa Notes Municipalities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicaraguan Rebels
Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the country's capital and largest city. , it was estimated to be the second largest city in Central America. Nicaragua's multiethnic population of six million includes people of mestizo, indigenous, European and African heritage. The main language is Spanish. Indigenous tribes on the Mosquito Coast speak their own languages and English. Originally inhabited by various indigenous cultures since ancient times, the region was conquered by the Spanish Empire in the 16th century. Nicaragua gained independence from Spain in 1821. The Mosquito Coast followed a different historical path, being colonized by the English in the 17th century and later coming under British rule. It became an autonomous territory of Nicaragua in 1860 and its northernmost pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Nicaragua
Nicaragua is a nation in Central America. It is located about midway between Mexico and Colombia, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. Nicaragua ranges from the Caribbean Sea on the nation's east coast, and the Pacific Ocean bordering the west. Nicaragua also possesses a series of islands and cays located in the Caribbean Sea. Nicaragua's name is derived from Nicarao, the name of the Nahuatl-speaking tribe which inhabited the shores of Lake Nicaragua before the Spanish conquest of the Americas, and the Spanish word ''agua'', meaning water, due to the presence of the large Lake Cocibolca (or Lake Nicaragua) and Lake Managua (or Lake Xolotlán), as well as lagoons and rivers in the region. Pre-Columbian Nicaragua The Nawa language group of people migrated from Central Mexico after 500 CE. Mostthis area are related to Chibcha, spoken by groups in northern Colombia. Eastern Nicaragua's population consisted of extended families or tribes. Foo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somotillo
Somotillo is a town and a municipality in the Chinandega department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ... of Nicaragua. Geography According to the Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales (INETER), the municipality of Somotillo measures 724.71 km2 and lies approximately 41 meters above sea level. Physiographically, most of the municipality lies north and east of the Nicaraguan Depression or Graben in the western foothills of the central cordillera of the country. The area drains into the Pacific, largely through the Estero Real. The town of Somotillo is located on the northern bank of the Rio Gallo, also known as the Rio Grande. A seasonal stream known as the Tecomapa runs north of the town. Hurricane Mitch During Hurricane Mitch in 1998, these river ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matagalpa Department
Matagalpa () is a department in central Nicaragua. It covers an area of 6,804 km2 and has a population of 600,057 (2021 est). The capital is the city of Matagalpa with a population of about 111,000. Matagalpa is the second largest region of the country in population size, and the fifth in area (after the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic, Jinotega and Río San Juan). Matagalpa is the most diversified region producing coffee, cattle, milk products, vegetables, wood, gold, flowers. Its extensive forests, rivers and geography are suited for ecotourism. Municipalities # Ciudad Darío # Esquipulas # Matagalpa Matagalpa () is a city in Nicaragua which is the capital of the department of Matagalpa. The city has a population of 111,258 (2021 estimate), [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Fley
Luis Adan Fley Gonzales (born March 1951, Matagalpa) is a 2021 candidate for President of Nicaragua. Known also as "Comandate Jhonson." He is a former Resistance Commander, having been both a Sandinista guerilla and a Contra rebel. He has also been an agricultural technician, army officer and Member of the RN Cease-Fire Commission. Completed the third year of the agricultural high school in Matagalpa. After commanding the FSLN's Bernardino-Diaz Ochoa Column in 1978-79 against Somoza, he entered the EPS. "Jhonson" joined the Resistance on June 13, 1981. Commanded the Raul Arrioliga and Armando Blancher Task Forces, and the 15th of September Command. His family was split by the 1979 revolution and United States-backed counterrevolution, where him and three of his brothers fought on opposing sides. Fley was a candidate for the 2021 Nicaraguan presidential election, representing Nicaraguan Democratic Force (FDN). He is part of the National Coalition, a collection of opposition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ocotal
Ocotal () is the capital of the Nueva Segovia Department in Nicaragua, Central America and the municipal seat of Ocotal Municipality. History The region currently occupied by the city of Ocotal was occupied by different ethnic groups that had probably migrated from Mexico to Central America many centuries ago, speaking a variety of Nahuatl. The gold deposits that were found on the banks of the Choluteca River and other places, motivated the establishment of Spanish settlements. The city was founded in 1543 under the name of Nueva Segovia but this was later changed to Ocotal, a Nahuatl word that means "pine resin". In 1927, Ocotal suffered one of the first dive bombing attacks in history during a battle that pitted the American Marines and the Nicaraguan National Guard against Sandinista rebels. Ocotal is the same city that was founded by Spanish colonialists in 1543, with the name Nueva Segovia. During the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis, ousted Honduran president Manuel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinotega Department
Jinotega () is a department of Nicaragua. Its departmental head is Jinotega. It is located in the north of the country, on the border with Honduras. The Department of Jinotega has a population of 483,404 (2021 estimate) and covers an area of 9,222 km2. It is one of the 15 most extensive departments in the country. Founded on October 15, 1891. The city of Jinotega "Las Brumas" is the departmental capital of the homonymous department with an urban population of 53 265 inhabitants in the year 2017. It is located in a valley at an altitude of 1,003.87 meters above sea level with a cool climate at an average temperature of 25 °C and a distance of 142 km from Managua (2h 44 min, by Carr.Panamericana / Panamericana Nte./CA-1). ''Source: National Institute for Development Information (INIDE) - Nicaragua. Statistical Yearbook 2016 - 18'' The department generates its own power through Lake Apanás Dam, which is also a tourist attraction. Isabelia Mountain Range contain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantasma
Pantasma is a region in the north of Nicaragua. In the Miskito language the word ''Pantasma'' means ''small humans'' or ''flat head''. The Spanish word ''Fantasma'' ( Galician: Pantasma') origins from the Greek ''Phantasma'' and means ''ghost''. Th also called the "Crater of Pantasma", is a circular valley over 12 km in diameter situated in Nicaragua. It is passed by the Rio Pantasma, a tributary of the Rio Coco (also called Rio Segovia). In its center lies the village of Las Praderas, the principal place of the community oSanta Maria de Pantasmawith about 40,000 inhabitants in the province of Jinotega. In the poor, but fertile and agricultural intensely used valley corn, grain, fruit, and coffee are cultivated and cattle is bred. The town is the site of one of the most famous actions of the civil war between the Sandinista government and the rebel Contras. On October 18, 1983, the Nicaraguan Democratic Force's Task Force Diriangén, under Comandante "Mike Lima," launched ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
