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New Towns Movement
While purpose-built towns and cities have many precedents in antiquity - the 195 BC iteration of Chang'an providing a case in point - the New Towns ''movement'' refers to an ideologically-driven social campaign. The best-known and possibly most influential of these was a government-driven building and development program which took place in two tranches in the United Kingdom after World War II. Towns were planned and built with two main intentions: to remedy overcrowding and congestion, and to organize scattered ad hoc settlements. An additional purpose was to rehouse people in freshly built, fully planned towns that were completely self-sufficient for the community. Ideological aspects of environmental determinism predominated in this last purpose. Aspirations for change In 1817 model communities were proposed by social reformer Robert Owen to address overcrowded towns. Inspired by John Bellers's 1695 proposal for a College of Industry, a colony for the poor enabling disadvantag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chang'an
Chang'an (; zh, t=長安, s=长安, p=Cháng'ān, first=t) is the traditional name of the city now named Xi'an and was the capital of several Chinese dynasties, ranging from 202 BCE to 907 CE. The site has been inhabited since Neolithic times, during which the Yangshao culture was established in Banpo, in what is now the city's suburbs. Furthermore, in the northern vicinity of modern Xi'an, Qin Shi Huang of the Qin dynasty, China's first emperor, held his imperial court and constructed his massive mausoleum guarded by the Terracotta Army. From its capital at Xianyang, the Qin dynasty ruled a larger area than either of the preceding dynasties. The imperial city of Chang'an during the Han dynasty was located northwest of today's Xi'an. During the Tang dynasty, the area that came to be known as Chang'an included the area inside the Ming Xi'an fortification, plus some small areas to its east and west, and a substantial part of its southern suburbs. Thus, Tang Chang'an was eight t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fringe
Fringe may refer to: Arts and music * "The Fringe", or Edinburgh Festival Fringe, the world's largest arts festival * Adelaide Fringe, the world's second-largest annual arts festival * Fringe theatre, a name for alternative theatre * Purple fringing, an unfocused purple or magenta "ghost" image on a photograph * Fringe Product, a defunct Canadian record label Television and entertainment * ''Fringe'' (TV series), an American science fiction television series * The Fringe, the setting for the 2000 computer game '' Tachyon: The Fringe'' * "The Fringe" (short story), a short story by Orson Scott Card * "The Fringe" (''Smash''), a television episode Science * Fringe science, scientific inquiry that departs significantly from mainstream or orthodox theories in an established field of study * Fringe search, a graph search algorithm that finds the least-cost path from a given initial node to one goal node * Fringe of a relation, a particular sub-relation of a binary relation i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greater London Plan
The Greater London Plan of 1944 was developed by Patrick Abercrombie (1879–1957). The plan was directly related to the County of London Plan written by John Henry Forshaw (1895–1973) and Abercrombie in 1943. Following World War II, London was presented with an opportunity to amend the perceived failings of unplanned and haphazard development that had occurred as a result of rapid industrialisation in the nineteenth century. During the Second World War, the Blitz had destroyed large urban areas throughout the entire county of London, but particularly the central core. Over 50,000 inner London homes were completely destroyed, while more than 2 million dwellings experienced some form of bomb damage. This presented the London County Council with a unique chance to plan and rebuild vacant tracts of the city on a scale not seen since the Great Fire of London The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through central London from Sunday 2 September to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Of London Plan
The County of London Plan was an urban planning proposal prepared for the London County Council in 1943 by John Henry Forshaw (1895–1973) and Sir Leslie Patrick Abercrombie (1879–1957), with foreword from Charles Latham, leader of the council. Its main purpose was to point out the main directions of development and reconstruction of London, which in the past decades had faced large changes and irregular growth. It was prepared in anticipation of the end of World War II and the reconstruction after bomb damage and large movements of population. It focused on five problems, for which it proposed solutions: * traffic congestion * depressed housing * inadequacy and maldistribution of open spaces * jumble of houses and industries * sprawl, and suburbanisation of surrounding country towns Ring roads One of the solutions was to create ring roads around the capital. Construction would have involved considerable disruption, even through parts of the city damaged by bombs, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Works And Planning
Ministry may refer to: Government * Ministry (collective executive), the complete body of government ministers under the leadership of a prime minister * Ministry (government department), a department of a government Religion * Christian ministry, activity by Christians to spread or express their faith ** Minister (Christianity), clergy authorized by a church or religious organization to perform teaching or rituals ** Ordination, the process by which individuals become clergy * Ministry of Jesus, activities described in the Christian gospels * ''Ministry'' (magazine), a magazine for pastors published by the Seventh-day Adventist Church Music * Ministry (band), an American industrial metal band * Ministry of Sound, a London nightclub and record label Fiction * Ministry of Magic, governing body in the ''Harry Potter'' series * Ministry of Darkness, a professional wrestling stable led by The Undertaker See also * Minister (other) * Department (other) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Better Britain
Better may refer to: * "to better" as a verb, meaning to undergo betterment * better, an alternate spelling of bettor, someone who bets ( gambles) Music Albums * ''Better'' (Chrisette Michele album), 2013 * ''Better'' (Brian McKnight album), 2016 * ''Better'' (Haley Reinhart album), 2016 * ''Better'' (BoA album), 2020 Songs * "Better" (The Screaming Jets song), 1991 * "Better" (Brooke Fraser song), 2003 * "Better" (Tom Baxter song)", 2007, covered by Boyzone in 2008 * "Better" (Guns N' Roses song), 2008 * "Better" (Maggie Rose song), 2012 * "Better" (Kim Hyung-jun song), 2014 * "Better" (Banks song), 2015 * "Better" (Haley Reinhart song), 2016 * "Better" (Meghan Trainor song), 2016 * "Better" (Mallrat song), 2017 * "Better" (Khalid song), 2018 * "Better" (Lena Meyer-Landrut and Nico Santos song), 2019 * "Better" (Twice song), 2020 * "Better" (Zayn song), 2020 * "Better" a 1992 song by Helmet from the album, '' Meantime'' * "Better" a 1999 song by 8stops7 f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Anderson Barlow
Sir Clement Anderson Montague-Barlow, 1st Baronet, KBE (28 February 1868 – 31 May 1951) was an English barrister and Conservative Party politician. Life Montague-Barlow was born Clement Anderson Barlow at St Bartholomew's Vicarage, Clifton, Gloucestershire, and preferred to be known under his second name, Anderson, rather than his first, Clement. He received a Master's degree and an LL.D. from the University of Cambridge and practised at the bar. Between 1910 and 1923 he represented Salford South in the House of Commons. In 1922 he was admitted to the Privy Council upon becoming Minister of Labour, a position he served in until 1924. He was made a Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in 1918 and in 1924 he was created a baronet, of Westminster in the County of London. In 1937, Neville Chamberlain's government asked Barlow to chair a royal commission into the urban concentration of population and industry, "The Royal Commission on the Distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anderson Montague-Barlow
Sir Clement Anderson Montague-Barlow, 1st Baronet, KBE (28 February 1868 – 31 May 1951) was an English barrister and Conservative Party politician. Life Montague-Barlow was born Clement Anderson Barlow at St Bartholomew's Vicarage, Clifton, Gloucestershire, and preferred to be known under his second name, Anderson, rather than his first, Clement. He received a Master's degree and an LL.D. from the University of Cambridge and practised at the bar. Between 1910 and 1923 he represented Salford South in the House of Commons. In 1922 he was admitted to the Privy Council upon becoming Minister of Labour, a position he served in until 1924. He was made a Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in 1918 and in 1924 he was created a baronet, of Westminster in the County of London. In 1937, Neville Chamberlain's government asked Barlow to chair a royal commission into the urban concentration of population and industry, "The Royal Commission on the Di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neville Chamberlain
Arthur Neville Chamberlain (; 18 March 18699 November 1940) was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from May 1937 to May 1940 and Leader of the Conservative Party (UK), Leader of the Conservative Party from May 1937 to October 1940. He is best known for his foreign policy of appeasement, and in particular for his signing of the Munich Agreement on 30 September 1938, ceding the German-speaking Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia to Nazi Germany led by Adolf Hitler. Following the invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939, which marked the beginning of World War II, Chamberlain announced the British declaration of war on Germany (1939), declaration of war on Germany two days later and led the United Kingdom through the Phoney War, first eight months of the war until his resignation as prime minister on 10 May 1940. After working in business and local government, and after a short spell as Director of National Service in 1916 and 1917, Chamberlain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knowsley, Merseyside
Knowsley (), commonly known as Knowsley Village, is a large village and civil parish in Merseyside located on the north-east outskirts of Liverpool, within the much larger Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley It gave its name to the wider borough when it was formed in 1974. Within the boundaries of the Historic counties of England, historic county of Lancashire, at the United Kingdom Census 2001, 2001 Census it had a population of 11,343. The parish includes Knowsley Hall and Knowsley Safari Park. There are three main built-up areas in the parish: the village of Knowsley itself, the southern end of the nearby Knowsley Business Park to the north, and in the south-west a suburban area including Stockbridge Village and the northern fringe of Huyton. To the west of Knowsley is the area of Woolfall Heath. General information Knowsley Village consists primarily of two residential areas: a council estate, and a private estate. There is a parade of shops on Sugar Lane that serve the local ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speke
Speke () is a suburb of Liverpool, Merseyside, England. It is southeast of the city centre. Located near the widest part of the River Mersey, it is bordered by the suburbs of Garston and Hunts Cross, and nearby to Halewood, Hale Village, and Widnes. The rural area of Oglet borders its south. History The name derives from the Old English ''Spec'', meaning 'brushwood' or from Middle English ''Spek(e)'', meaning 'woodpecker'. It was known as ''Spec'' in the ''Domesday Book'', which gave Speke Hall as one of the properties held by Uctred. Today Speke Hall, now a Tudor wood-framed house, is open to the public. In the mid 14th century, the manors of Speke, Whiston, Skelmersdale, and Parr were held by William Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre. Speke was formerly a township in the parish of Childwall, in 1866 Speke became a separate civil parish, on 1 April 1932 the parish was abolished and merged with Liverpool. In 1931 the parish had a population of 384. Until the 1930s devel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
