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Netaji (other)
Subhas Chandra Bose (23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945) was an Indian independence movement, Indian nationalist whose defiance of British raj, British authority in India made him a hero among many Indians, but his wartime alliances with Nazi Germany and Japanese Fascism, Fascist Japan left a legacy vexed by authoritarianism, anti-Semitism, and military incompetence, military failure. * The honorific 'Netaji' (Hindustani language, Hindustani: "Respected Leader") was first applied to Bose in Germany in early 1942—by the Indian soldiers of the ''Indian Legion, Indische Legion'' and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin. It is now used throughout India. Bose was born into wealth and privilege in a large Bengalis, Bengali family in Orissa during the British Raj. The early recipient of an Anglocentrism, Anglo-centric education, he was sent after college to England to take the Indian Civil Service examination. He succeeded with distincti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disruptive Editing
Disruption, disruptive, or disrupted may refer to: Business *Creative disruption, disruption concept in a creative context, introduced in 1992 by TBWA's chairman Jean-Marie Dru *Disruptive innovation, Clayton Christensen's theory of industry disruption by new technology or products Psychology and sociology *Disruptive behavior disorders, a class of mental health disorders *Disruptive physician, a physician whose obnoxious behaviour upsets patients or other staff *Social disruption, a radical alteration, transformation, dysfunction or breakdown of social life Arts and Entertainment *''The Disruption'', a 1996 EP by Cursive discography#EPs, Cursive *The Disruption (Succession), "The Disruption" (''Succession''), TV episode Other uses *Cell disruption is a method or process in cell biology for releasing biological molecules from inside a cell *''Disrupted: My Misadventure in the Start Up Bubble'', a 2016 book by Daniel Lyons *Disruption (adoption) is also the term for the cancellat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iwaichi Fujiwara
was an officer in the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II, and later a lieutenant general in the post-war Japan Ground Self Defense Force. Biography A native of Hyōgo prefecture, Fujiwara graduated from the 43rd class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1931 and was assigned to the IJA 37th Infantry Regiment. After serving a tour of duty in Tianjin, China, he returned to the Army Staff College and graduated from the 50th class in 1938, whereupon he was assigned to the IJA 21st Army. In 1939, Fujiwara was transferred to the military intelligence unit within the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff, tasked with planning operations in south and Southeast Asia. He traveled to Bangkok in 1941, and joined the Japanese Southern Expeditionary Army Group as Chief of Staff the same year. In 1941 Fujiwara established the F Kikan, a Japanese special operations unit, which was tasked with developing and assisting independence movements in British India, Malaya and Netherlan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prabhabati Bose (Dutt)
Prabhabati Bose (''née'' Dutta) was an Indian social activist and politician. She was born in 1869 into a respected Kayastha Bharadwaja clan Dutta family of Hatkhola, in Calcutta North. Her parents were Ganganarayan Dutta and Kamala Kamini Dutta of Kashinath Dutta Road, Baranagore (a suburb of Calcutta), India. She was her parents' eldest daughter. In 1880, at the age of 11, she was married off to Janakinath Bose who hailed from a Kulin Bose family from the village Kodalia (located near Sonarpur). Marriage and children Prabhabati and Janakinath Bose had fourteen children together. She was very involved in their education and many members of the extended Bose family made significant contributions to Indian society. Not only was Prabhabati the matriarch of Bose family, but following her parents' deaths she and her husband took care of her younger siblings. She gave birth to fourteen children, six daughters and eight sons, among whom were nationalist leader Sarat Chan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janakinath Bose
Janakinath Bose (also Janaki Nath Bose; 28 May 1860 – 2 December 1934) was an Indian lawyer and advocate, who was the father of Indian independence leader Subhas Chandra Bose and barrister Sarat Chandra Bose. Early life Bose was born in the village of Kodalia on 28 May 1860, fourth son of Haranath Bose, of the Kulin Kayastha Bose family of Mahinagar (the present-day South 24 Parganas district). Although the Bose family were traditionally adherents of Shaktism, Haranath Bose was a devout follower of Vaishnavism. The gate of the house still stands bearing this name. Although the Bose family of Mahinagar can traces its lineage back to Gopinath Bose who was given the title Purandar Khan by Sultan Hussain Shah, by the time of his birth it had been reduced to modest means. Janaki Nath passed the Entrance examination in December 1877 from Albert School, Kolkata.''An Indian Pilgrim: An Unfinished Autobiography And Collected Letters 1897-1921'', Subhas Chandra Bose, Asia Publishing H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anita Bose Pfaff
Anita Bose Pfaff (, born 29 November 1942) is an Austrian economist, who has previously been a professor at the University of Augsburg as well as a politician in the Social Democratic Party of Germany. She is the daughter of Indian nationalist Subhas Chandra Bose (1897–1945) and his wife, or companion, Emilie Schenkl. Early life Pfaff is the only child of Emilie Schenkl and Subhas Chandra Bose, who—with a view to attempting an armed attack on the British Indian Empire with the help of Imperial Japan—left Schenkl and Pfaff in Europe, and moved to southeast Asia, when Pfaff was four months old. Pfaff was raised by her mother, who worked shifts in a telephone trunk office during the postwar years to support the family, which included Pfaff's maternal grandmother. Pfaff was not given her father's last name at birth, and grew up as Anita Schenkl. Academic career As of 2012, Pfaff was a professor of economics at the University of Augsburg. Marriage and family Pfaff is ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emilie Schenkl
Emilie Schenkl (26 December 1910 – 13 March 1996) was an Austrian stenographer, secretary and trunk exchange operator. She was the wife or the companion of Subhas Chandra Bose, an Indian nationalist leader. Schenkl met Bose in 1934, and the two formed a romantic relationship while she worked for him as a secretary. She later became the mother of their daughter Anita Bose Pfaff during Bose's stay in Germany from 3 April 1941 until 8 February 1943. Following his departure from wartime Europe for Southeast Asia, Schenkl and her baby daughter were left without economic support. Bose, who thereafter tried to oppose British rule in India militarily with Japanese patronage, died in a plane crash soon after the Japanese surrender in August 1945. In 1948, Schenkl and her daughter were met by Bose's brother Sarat Chandra Bose and his family in an emotional meeting in Vienna. In the post-war years, Schenkl worked shifts in the trunk exchange and was the main breadwinner of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bidhan Chandra Roy
Bidhan Chandra Roy (1 July 1882 – 1 July 1962) was an Indian physician and politician who served as Chief Minister of West Bengal from 1950 until his death in 1962. He played a key role in the founding of several institutions and cities like Salt Lake (now a part of Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation), Kalyani, and Durgapur. In India, the National Doctors' Day is celebrated in his memory every year on 1 July. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour in 1961. Early life and education Bidhan Chandra Roy was born on 1 July 1882 to a Bengali Kayastha family in Bankipore in Patna, where his father, Prakash Chandra Roy coming from a wealthy family of Satkhira, Khulna district, Bengal Presidency (now in Bangladesh), was serving as an excise inspector. His mother, Aghorkamini Devi, was religious and a devoted social worker. Roy was the youngest of five siblings, with 2 sisters (Susharbashini and Sarojini) and 2 brothers(Subodh and Sadhan). His parents w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jatindra Mohan Sengupta
Jatindra Mohan Sengupta (22 February 1885 – 23 July 1933) was an Indian revolutionary against the British rule. He was arrested several times by the British police. In 1933, he died in a prison located in Ranchi, India. Sengupta studied at Hare School, Calcutta and Presidency College, Calcutta. After that he travelled to England, where he studied law at Downing College, Cambridge. During his stay there, he met and married Edith Ellen Gray, later known as Nellie Sengupta. He was elected president of the Cambridge Majlis in 1908. After returning to India, he started a legal practice. He also joined in Indian politics, becoming a member of the Indian National Congress and participating in the Non-Cooperation Movement. Eventually, he gave up his legal practice in favour of his political commitment. Early life Jatindra Mohan Sengupta was born on 22 February 1885 to a prominent land-owning ('' zamindar'') family of Barama, in Chittagong district of British India (now in C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sardul Singh Kavishar
Sardul Singh Kavishar (1886–1963) was an Indian newspaper editor, and a major figure in the Indian independence movement. Born in Amritsar,. ''forwardbloc.org''. Retrieved 20 June 2021. he was the second president of the All India Forward Bloc. Education Educated in Lahore, Kavishar began his public career in 1913, when he launched the English-language newspaper ''Sikh Review''. An early article in the ''Sikh Review'' criticized the demolition of an external city wall during the construction of New Delhi, as the wall had been part of a historic Sikh gurdwara. This led to widespread Sikh agitation until the outbreak of the First World War, at which point that particular issue was considered to be of lessened priority. After the war Kavishar renewed his calls for action, with the result that he was expelled from Delhi. He moved to Lahore and began another newspaper, the ''New Herald''. In 1919, he was arrested and imprisoned for writing against the Rowlatt Act. He was also the fou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All India Forward Bloc
The All India Forward Bloc ( AIFB) is a Left-wing nationalism, left-wing nationalist political party in India. It emerged as a Political faction, faction within the Indian National Congress in 1939, led by Subhas Chandra Bose, and was strongest in West Bengal. The party re-established as an independent political party after the independence of India. During the 1951–52 Indian general election, 1951–1952 and 1957 Indian general election, the party was known as Forward Bloc (Marxist). The party's current Secretary-General is G. Devarajan. Veteran Indian politicians Sarat Chandra Bose (brother of Subhas Chandra Bose) and Chitta Basu (politician), Chitta Basu had been the stalwarts of the party in independent India. Leveraging Netaji's sway over the populace, the organization had established its electoral footprint after Independence in states like Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and Assam, with West Bengal as its primary bastion. However, after eight decades, the party, now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rajendra Prasad
Rajendra Prasad (3 December 1884 – 28 February 1963) was an Indian politician, lawyer, journalist and scholar who served as the first president of India from 1950 to 1962. He joined the Indian National Congress during the Indian independence movement and became a major leader from the region of Bihar. A supporter of Mahatma Gandhi, Prasad was imprisoned by British authorities during the Salt Satyagraha of 1930 and the Quit India movement of 1942. After the constituent assembly 1946 elections, Prasad served as 1st Minister of Food and Agriculture in the central government from 1947 to 1948. Upon independence in 1947, Prasad was elected as President of the Constituent Assembly of India, which prepared the Constitution of India and which served as its provisional Parliament. When India became a republic in 1950, Prasad was elected as its first president by the Constituent Assembly. As president, Prasad established a tradition for non-partisanship and independence for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru (14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian anti-colonial nationalist, secular humanist, social democrat, and statesman who was a central figure in India during the middle of the 20th century. Nehru was a principal leader of the Indian nationalist movement in the 1930s and 1940s. Upon India's independence in 1947, he served as the country's first prime minister for 16 years. Nehru promoted parliamentary democracy, secularism, and science and technology during the 1950s, powerfully influencing India's arc as a modern nation. In international affairs, he steered India clear of the two blocs of the Cold War. A well-regarded author, he wrote books such as '' Letters from a Father to His Daughter'' (1929), '' An Autobiography'' (1936) and '' The Discovery of India'' (1946), that have been read around the world. The son of Motilal Nehru, a prominent lawyer and Indian nationalist, Jawaharlal Nehru was educated in England—at Harrow School and T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
