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Nature Conservation In Madagascar
The composition of Madagascar's wildlife reflects the fact that the island has been isolated for about 88 million years. The prehistoric breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana separated the Madagascar-Antarctica-India landmass from the Africa-South America landmass around 135 million years ago. Madagascar later split from India about 88 million years ago, allowing plants and animals on the island to evolve in relative isolation. As a result of the island's long isolation from neighboring continents, Madagascar is home to an abundance of plants and animals found nowhere else on Earth. Approximately 90 percent of all plant and animal species found in Madagascar are endemic, including the lemurs (a type of strepsirrhine primate), the carnivorous fossa and many birds. This distinctive ecology has led some ecologists to refer to Madagascar as the "eighth continent", and the island has been classified by Conservation International as a biodiversity hotspot. As recent a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mammals Of Madagascar
This is a list of the native wild mammal species recorded in Madagascar. As of June 2014 (following the IUCN reassessment of the lemurs) there are 241 extant taxon, extant mammal species recognized in Madagascar, of which 22 are critically endangered, 62 are endangered, 32 are vulnerable, 9 are near threatened, 72 are of least concern and 44 are either data deficient or not evaluated. All of the critically endangered species are lemurs. The mammalian fauna of Madagascar is highly distinctive and largely endemic. The extant nonmarine, nonchiropteran taxa constitute (as of June 2014) 168 species, 40 genera and 9 family (biology), families; of these, besides #Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons), a probably introduced shrew, endemic taxa make up all the species, all the genera, and all but one of the families. This endemic terrestrial fauna, consisting of #Order: Primates, lemurs, #Order: Afrosoricida (tenrecs, otter shrews and golden moles), tenrecs, #Order: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elsevier
Elsevier ( ) is a Dutch academic publishing company specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content. Its products include journals such as ''The Lancet'', ''Cell (journal), Cell'', the ScienceDirect collection of electronic journals, ''Trends (journals), Trends'', the ''Current Opinion (Elsevier), Current Opinion'' series, the online citation database Scopus, the SciVal tool for measuring research performance, the ClinicalKey search engine for clinicians, and the ClinicalPath evidence-based cancer care service. Elsevier's products and services include digital tools for Data management platform, data management, instruction, research analytics, and assessment. Elsevier is part of the RELX Group, known until 2015 as Reed Elsevier, a publicly traded company. According to RELX reports, in 2022 Elsevier published more than 600,000 articles annually in over 2,800 journals. As of 2018, its archives contained over 17 million documents and 40,000 Ebook, e-books, with over one b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene (journal)
''Gene'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in genetics and molecular biology, focusing on the cloning, structure, function, as well as the biomedical and biotechnological importance of genes. The scope of the journal includes all biological organisms including viruses, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes. It is organized into topics, which include Human Genetics, Cancer Genetics, Neurogenetics, Animal Genetics, Genome Editing, Molecular Ecology, Plant Genetics, Parasitology and Virology, as well as Microbiology. The journal is part of the Gene Family of journals and was established in 1976. It is published by Elsevier Elsevier ( ) is a Dutch academic publishing company specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content. Its products include journals such as ''The Lancet'', ''Cell (journal), Cell'', the ScienceDirect collection of electronic journals, ... and the editor-in-chief is Marianna Kruithof-de Julio ( University of Bern) The Gene Family of journals compris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chameleon
Chameleons or chamaeleons (Family (biology), family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 200 species described as of June 2015. The members of this Family (biology), family are best known for their distinct range of colours, being capable of colour-shifting camouflage. The large number of species in the family exhibit considerable variability in their capacity to change colour. For some, it is more of a shift of brightness (shades of brown); for others, a plethora of colour-combinations (reds, yellows, greens, blues) can be seen. Chameleons are also distinguished by their zygodactylous feet, their prehensility, prehensile tail, their laterally compressed bodies, their head casques, their projectile tongues used for catching prey, their swaying gait, and in some species crests or horns on their brow and snout. Chameleons' eyes are independently mobile, and because of this the chameleon’s brain is constantly analyzing two sepa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reptile
Reptiles, as commonly defined, are a group of tetrapods with an ectothermic metabolism and Amniotic egg, amniotic development. Living traditional reptiles comprise four Order (biology), orders: Testudines, Crocodilia, Squamata, and Rhynchocephalia. About 12,000 living species of reptiles are listed in the Reptile Database. The study of the traditional reptile orders, customarily in combination with the study of modern amphibians, is called herpetology. Reptiles have been subject to several conflicting Taxonomy, taxonomic definitions. In Linnaean taxonomy, reptiles are gathered together under the Class (biology), class Reptilia ( ), which corresponds to common usage. Modern Cladistics, cladistic taxonomy regards that group as Paraphyly, paraphyletic, since Genetics, genetic and Paleontology, paleontological evidence has determined that birds (class Aves), as members of Dinosauria, are more closely related to living crocodilians than to other reptiles, and are thus nested among re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossa (animal)
The fossa (''Cryptoprocta ferox''; or ; ) is a slender, long-tailed, cat-like mammal that is endemic to Madagascar. It is a member of the carnivora, carnivoran family Eupleridae. The fossa is the largest mammalian carnivore on Madagascar and has been compared to a small cougar, as it has Convergent evolution, convergently evolved many cat-like features. Adults have a head-body length of and weigh between , with the males larger than the females. It has semi-retractable claws (meaning it can extend but not retract its claws fully) and flexible ankles that allow it to climb up and down trees head-first, and also support jumping from tree to tree. A larger relative of the species, ''Cryptoprocta spelea'', probably became extinct before 1400. The species is widespread, although population density, population densities are usually low. It is found solely in forested habitat, and actively hunts both by day and night. Over 50% of its diet consists of lemurs, the endemic primates f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Primate
Primates is an order (biology), order of mammals, which is further divided into the Strepsirrhini, strepsirrhines, which include lemurs, galagos, and Lorisidae, lorisids; and the Haplorhini, haplorhines, which include Tarsiiformes, tarsiers and simians (monkeys and apes). Primates arose 74–63 million years ago first from small terrestrial animal, terrestrial mammals, which adapted for life in tropical forests: many primate characteristics represent adaptations to the challenging environment among Canopy (biology), tree tops, including large brain sizes, binocular vision, color vision, Animal communication, vocalizations, shoulder girdles allowing a large degree of movement in the upper limbs, and opposable thumbs (in most but not all) that enable better grasping and dexterity. Primates range in size from Madame Berthe's mouse lemur, which weighs , to the eastern gorilla, weighing over . There are 376–524 species of living primates, depending on which classification is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monkey
Monkey is a common name that may refer to most mammals of the infraorder Simiiformes, also known as simians. Traditionally, all animals in the group now known as simians are counted as monkeys except the apes. Thus monkeys, in that sense, constitute an incomplete paraphyletic grouping; alternatively, if apes (Hominoidea) are included, ''monkeys'' and ''simians'' are synonyms. In 1812, Étienne Geoffroy grouped the apes and the Cercopithecidae group of monkeys together and established the name Catarrhini, "Old World monkeys" ("''singes de l'Ancien Monde''" in French). The extant sister of the Catarrhini in the monkey ("singes") group is the Platyrrhini (New World monkeys). Some nine million years before the divergence between the Cercopithecidae and the apes, the Platyrrhini emerged within "monkeys" by migration to South America likely by ocean. Apes are thus deep in the tree of extant and extinct monkeys, and any of the apes is distinctly closer related to the Cercopith ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Non-marine Molluscs Of Madagascar
The non-marine molluscs of Madagascar are a part of the molluscan fauna of Madagascar (wildlife of Madagascar). In tropical rainforests of Madagascar, there is high diversity of species of terrestrial gastropods and many species has low population density, so many of them are "extremely rare". About 50% of land snails in Madagascar are related to land snails in Africa. Freshwater gastropods Pachychilidae the genus '' Madagasikara'' is endemic to Madagascar, 5 species * '' Madagasikara spinosa'' (Lamarck, 1822) – the previously used name ''Melanatria fluminea'' being not valid, endemic * '' Madagasikara madagascariensis'' ( Grateloup, 1840) – endemic * '' Madagasikara johnsoni'' (E. A. Smith, 1882) – endemic * '' Madagasikara vivipara'' Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2010 – endemic * '' Madagasikara zazavavindrano'' Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2010 – endemic * '' Madagasikara vazimba'' Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2010 – endemic Planorbidae – there are 4 species of ''Bulinus'':. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Spiders Of Madagascar
This is a list of spider species that occur on Madagascar. Unless otherwise noted, they are endemic (they occur nowhere else). Some cosmopolitan or pantropical species that occur also in Madagascar may be missing. Araneidae * ''Acantharachne giltayi'' Lessert, 1938 — also Congo * '' Acantharachne madecassa'' Emerit, 2000 * '' Acantharachne milloti'' Emerit, 2000 * '' Acrosomoides acrosomoides'' (O. P.-Cambridge, 1879) * '' Arachnura scorpionoides'' Vinson, 1863 — also Congo, Ethiopia, Mauritius * ''Araneus isabella'' (Vinson, 1863) * '' Araneus kraepelini'' (Lenz, 1891) * '' Araneus lenzi'' (Roewer, 1942) * '' Araneus madagascaricus'' (Strand, 1908) * ''Araneus margitae'' (Strand, 1917) * '' Araneus nossibeus'' (Strand, 1907) * '' Araneus pallescens'' (Lenz, 1891) * '' Araneus saccalava'' (Strand, 1907) * '' Araneus sambava'' (Strand, 1907) * '' Argiope coquereli'' (Vinson, 1863) — also Zanzibar * '' Argiope ranomafanensis'' Bjørn, 1997 * '' Augusta glyphica'' (Guéri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Amphibians Of Madagascar
The population of amphibians of Madagascar is made up exclusively of frogs. There are 311 named species of frogs on Madagascar, but several hundred have been identified using DNA barcoding and remain to be formally described. Native described species belong to four different families: Hyperoliidae (11 species), Mantellidae (212 species), Microhylidae (86 species) and Ranidae (1 species). Two further species are introduced: the ranid frog ''Hoplobatrachus tigrinus'' and the Bufonidae, toad ''Duttaphrynus melanostictus''. Almost all native species are endemism, endemic, with the exception of ''Ptychadena mascareniensis''. 85 species are threatened with extinction, nine of which are considered by the IUCN as critically endangered. Their numbers are largely affected by major alterations of habitat due to deforestation and the expansion of paddy fields and villages, and to a lesser extent, by illegal international trade. Hyperoliidae Mantellidae Microhylidae Ranidae Refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
