|
National Congress Of American Indians
The National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) is an Indigenous peoples of the Americas, American Indian and Alaska Natives, Alaska Native Indigenous rights, rights organization. It was founded in 1944 to represent the tribes and resist U.S. federal government pressure for termination of tribal rights and assimilation of their people. These were in contradiction of their treaty rights and status as Tribal sovereignty in the United States, sovereign entities. The organization continues to be an association of federally recognized and state-recognized Indian tribes. Organization NCAI was founded in 1944 and incorporated as a 501(c)(4) nonprofit organization based in Washington, D.C., in 1962. The organizational structure of the National Congress of American Indians includes a General Assembly, an Executive Council, and seven committees. In addition to the four executive positions, the NCAI executive board also consists of 12 area vice presidents and 12 alternative area vice pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Embassy Of Tribal Nations
The Embassy of Tribal Nations is an embassy located in Washington, D.C. that provides a center of operations to the National Congress of American Indians, National Congress of American Indians (NCAI). It was established on November 3, 2009 and allowed the NCAI and other tribal groups an opportunity to meet in a designated location. The existence of the embassy in the United States capital allows international relations between tribes and the U.S. government to be conducted close to each other. History The National Congress of American Indians had been planning to create a headquarters to conduct all political and financial business since as early as the eighties. Before the Embassy of Tribal Nations was established, the NCAI rented a building. The estate in Washington, D.C. is three stories and was built in the 19th century. NCAI members began raising money with assistance from tribes in the 2000s, and bought the 17,000 square foot, $8.5 million property in April 2009. The space w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bureau Of Indian Affairs
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States List of United States federal agencies, federal agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior, Department of the Interior. It is responsible for implementing Federal law (United States), federal laws and policies related to Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans and Alaska Natives, and administering and managing over of Indian reservation, reservations Trust law, held in trust by the Federal government of the United States, U.S. federal government for List of federally recognized tribes, indigenous tribes. It renders services to roughly 2 million indigenous Americans across 574 federally recognized tribes. The BIA is governed by a director and overseen by the assistant secretary for Indian affairs, who answers to the United States Secretary of the Interior, secretary of the interior. The BIA works with Tribal sovereignty in the United States, tribal governments to h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coeur D'Alene People
The Coeur d'Alene Tribe ( ; also Skitswish; ) are a Native American tribe and one of five federally recognized tribes in the state of Idaho. The Coeur d'Alene have sovereign control of their Coeur d'Alene Reservation, which includes a significant portion of Lake Coeur d'Alene and its submerged lands. In '' Idaho v. United States'' (2001), the United States Supreme Court ruled against the state's claim of the submerged lands of the lower third of Lake Coeur d'Alene and related waters of the St. Joe River. It said that the Coeur d'Alene were the traditional owners and that the Executive Branch and Congress had clearly included this area in their reservation, with compensation for ceded territory. This area was designated in 1983 by the Environmental Protection Agency as Bunker Hill Mine and Smelting Complex, the nation's second-largest Superfund site for cleanup. Concerned at the slow pace of progress, in 1991 the tribe filed suit against mining companies for damages and clean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakota People
The Lakota (; or ) are a Native Americans in the United States, Native American people. Also known as the Teton Sioux (from ), they are one of the three prominent subcultures of the Sioux people, with the Eastern Dakota (Santee) and Western Dakota (). Their current lands are in North Dakota, North and South Dakota. They speak — the Lakota language, the westernmost of three closely related languages that belong to the Siouan languages, Siouan language family. The seven bands or "sub-tribes" of the Lakota are: * (, Burned Thighs) * ("They Scatter Their Own") * (, Without Bows) * (Hunkpapa, "End Village", Camps at the End of the Camp Circle) * (Miniconjou, "Plant Near Water", Planters by the Water) * ("Blackfeet" or "Blackfoot") * (Two Kettles) Notable Lakota persons include (Sitting Bull) from the , (Touch the Clouds) from the Miniconjou; (Black Elk), (Red Cloud), and (Billy Mills), all ; (Crazy Horse) from the and Miniconjou, and (Spotted Tail) from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheyenne
The Cheyenne ( ) are an Indigenous people of the Great Plains. The Cheyenne comprise two Native American tribes, the Só'taeo'o or Só'taétaneo'o (more commonly spelled as Suhtai or Sutaio) and the (also spelled Tsitsistas, The term for the Cheyenne homeland is ''Tsistano''. Language The Cheyenne of Montana and Oklahoma speak the Cheyenne language, known as ''Tsėhésenėstsestȯtse'' (common spelling: Tsisinstsistots). Approximately 800 people speak Cheyenne in Oklahoma. There are only a handful of vocabulary differences between the two locations. The Cheyenne alphabet contains 14 letters. The Cheyenne language is one of the larger Algonquian-language group. Formerly, the Só'taeo'o (Só'taétaneo'o) or Suhtai (Sutaio) bands of Southern and Northern Cheyenne spoke ''Só'taéka'ėškóne'' or ''Só'taenėstsestȯtse'', a language so close to ''Tsėhésenėstsestȯtse'' (Cheyenne language), that it is sometimes termed a Cheyenne dialect. History The earliest written reco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helen Peterson
Helen Peterson (native name: Wa-Cinn-Ya-Win-Pi-Mi, August 3, 1915 – July 10, 2000) was a Cheyenne-Lakota activist and lobbyist. She was the first director of the Denver Commission on Human Relations. She was the second Native American woman to become director of the National Congress of American Indians at a time when the government wanted to discharge their treaty obligations to the tribes by eliminating their tribal governments through the Indian termination policy and forcing the tribe members to assimilate into the mainstream culture. She authored a resolution on Native American education, which was ratified at the second Inter-American Indian Conference, held in Cuzco, Peru. In 1986, Peterson was inducted into the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame and the following year, her papers were donated to the Smithsonian's National Anthropological Archives and they are now held at the National Museum of the American Indianbr> Early life Helen Louise White was born on August 3, 1915, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colville Indian Reservation
The Colville Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation located in Washington (state), Washington state, U.S. It is inhabited and managed by the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, which are List of federally recognized tribes in the United States, federally recognized. Established in 1872, the reservation currently consists of . It includes the southeastern part of Okanogan County, Washington, Okanogan County and the southern half of Ferry County, Washington, Ferry County. The reservation's name is taken from that of Fort Colville, which was named by British colonists for Andrew Colville, a London governor of the Hudson's Bay Company. The Confederated Tribes have 8,700 descendants from twelve aboriginal Americans, aboriginal tribes. The tribes are known in English as: the Colville (tribe), Colville, Nespelem (tribe), Nespelem, Sanpoil (tribe), Sanpoil, Lakes (after the Arrow Lakes of British Columbia, or Sinixt), Palus (tribe), Palus, Wenatchi, Chelan (tribe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nez Perce People
The Nez Perce (; Exonym and endonym, autonym in Nez Perce language: , meaning 'we, the people') are an Indigenous people of the Plateau who still live on a fraction of the lands on the southeastern Columbia River Plateau in the Pacific Northwest. This region has been occupied for at least 11,500 years.Ames, Kenneth and Alan Marshall. 1980. "Villages, Demography and Subsistence Intensification on the Southern Columbia Plateau". ''North American Archaeologist'', 2(1): 25–52." Members of the Sahaptian languages, Sahaptin language group, the Nimíipuu were the dominant people of the Columbia Plateau for much of that time, especially after acquiring the horses that led them to breed the Appaloosa horse in the 18th century. Prior to first contact with European colonial people the Nimíipuu were economically and culturally influential in trade and war, interacting with other indigenous nations in a vast network from the western shores of Oregon and Washington (state), Washington, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cherokee
The Cherokee (; , or ) people are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States. Prior to the 18th century, they were concentrated in their homelands, in towns along river valleys of what is now southwestern North Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, southwestern Virginia, edges of western South Carolina, northern Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia and northeastern Alabama with hunting grounds in Kentucky, together consisting of around 40,000 square miles. The Cherokee language is part of the Iroquoian languages, Iroquoian language group. In the 19th century, James Mooney, an early American Ethnography, ethnographer, recorded one oral tradition that told of the Tribe (Native American), tribe having migrated south in ancient times from the Great Lakes region, where other Iroquoian Peoples, Iroquoian peoples have been based. However, anthropologist Thomas R. Whyte, writing in 2007, dated the split among the peoples as occurring earlier. He believes that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruth Muskrat Bronson
Ruth Muskrat Bronson (October 3, 1897 – June 12, 1982) was a Cherokee Nation poet, educator and Indian rights activist. After completing her education, Bronson became the first Guidance and Placement Officer of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. She served as executive secretary for the National Congress of American Indians, which was founded in 1944, and created their legislative news service. After a decade of work in Washington, D.C., Bronson moved to Arizona. There she served as a health education specialist for the Indian Health Service. Upon her retirement from the government, she received the Oveta Culp Hobby Service Award from the Department of Health, Education and Welfare. She continued working for Native American rights, promoting their development and leadership in the private sector until her death. Early life Ruth Margaret Muskrat was born on October 3, 1897 in White Water, Oklahoma, White Water, on the Delaware Tribe of Indians, Delaware Nation Reservation in India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caddo
The Caddo people comprise the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, a federally recognized tribe headquartered in Binger, Oklahoma. They speak the Caddo language. The Caddo Confederacy was a network of Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands, who historically inhabited much of what is now northeast Texas, western Louisiana, southwestern Arkansas, and southeastern Oklahoma. Prior to European contact, they were the Caddoan Mississippian culture, who constructed huge earthwork mounds at several sites in this territory, flourishing about 800 to 1400 CE. In the early 19th century, Caddo people were forced to a Indian reservation, reservation in Texas. In 1859, they were removed to Indian Territory. Government and civic institutions The Caddo Nation of Oklahoma was previously known as the Caddo Tribe of Oklahoma. The tribal constitution provides for election of an eight-person council, with a chairperson. Some 6,000 people are enrolled in the nation, with 3,044 living in Oklahoma. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
