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Nap (textile)
Primarily, nap is the raised (fuzzy) surface on certain kinds of cloth, such as velvet or moleskin. Nap can refer additionally to other surfaces that look like the surface of a napped cloth, such as the surface of a felt or beaver hat. Starting around the 14th century, the word referred originally to the roughness of woven cloth before it was sheared."nap". ''The Oxford English Dictionary''. 2nd ed. 1989. When cloth, especially woollen cloth, is woven, the surface of the cloth is not smooth, and this roughness is the nap. Generally the cloth is then "sheared" to create an even surface, and the nap is thus removed. A person who trimmed the surface of cloth with shears to remove any excess nap was known as a shearman. Nap typically has a direction in which it feels smoothest. In garments, nap direction is often matched across seams, because cloth will not only feel but look different depending on the direction of the nap. For this reason, sewing patterns frequently show the nap d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velours Pourpre
Velour, occasionally velours, is a plush, knitted fabric or textile similar to velvet or velveteen. It can be made from polyester, spandex, cotton, or a cotton-polyester blend. Velour is used in a wide variety of applications, including clothing and upholstery. Velour typically has a medium-length pile, shorter than velvet but longer than velveteen. History and uses Velour originated in France, although it is unclear who first created it. There is a 1591 entry in the accounts of Nathaniel Bacon of Stiffkey, Norfolk, England "''for half a yard of vellewre to make pomelles for the sydsaddelles"'' for 2 shillings cost. (Note this is in distinction to velvet ("''vellet'' ") found elsewhere in the accounts) . Velour is a knitted fabric, which makes it stretchy (unlike velvet and velveteen, which are woven). Velour is soft, allows freedom of movement, and is used for activewear and loungewear. Historically, velour was cheaper than velvet and was thus often used for home furnishings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gig-mill
A gig-mill (gigging machine, napping machine) was a type of raising machine that used Teasel, teasels to produce a Nap (fabric), nap on cloth. Examples of the results of gigging are woolen fabrics such as Chinchilla (cloth), chinchilla, beaver cloth, and Melton (cloth), melton. The process involved gradual teasing of the surface to raise the nap. Spelling in some localities is "Gigg". Gigging Gigging was an old method of raising. As with flannelette, the fabric surface is treated with sharp teasels during ''gigging'' to elevate the surface fibers, providing hairiness and lustrous nap. The fabric gets a soft feel. Teasels from a plant, a thistle-like species, were once used to make it. These were fixed to a cylinder. Later, teasels were replaced by metallic wires similar to those used in carding machines. Napped fabrics "Napping", "raising" and "gigging" are synonymous terms. Napping is the process of brushing for raising the Nap (fabric), nap. The raising method is used to dr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beaver (cloth)
Beaver cloth is a heavy woolen cloth with a napped surface. Beaver is a double cloth; it resembles felted beaver-fur and is suitable for outer garments such as coats and hats. The fabric was formerly made in England. Felted beaver fur had been the material of choice for high-quality hats since the 17th century. Beaver cloth was developed in the 19th century to fulfil demand, as the fur trade had hunted beavers to near extinction in Russia and North America. Castor Castor was a cloth lighter than beaver cloth, but otherwise similar. It was produced by using fine wool. Castor was used in overcoating. See also * Swansdown * Nap (fabric) * Gig-mill A gig-mill (gigging machine, napping machine) was a type of raising machine that used Teasel, teasels to produce a Nap (fabric), nap on cloth. Examples of the results of gigging are woolen fabrics such as Chinchilla (cloth), chinchilla, beaver c ... References Waulked textiles Woven fabrics {{Textile-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microfiber
Microfiber (microfibre in British English) is synthetic fibre finer than one Denier (unit), denier or decitex/thread, having a diameter of less than ten micrometre, micrometers. The most common types of microfiber are made variously of polyesters; polyamides (e.g., nylon, Kevlar, Nomex); and combinations of polyester, polyamide, and polypropylene. Microfiber is used to make mats, knits, and weaves, for apparel, upholstery, industrial filters, and cleaning products. The shape, size, and combinations of synthetic fibers are chosen for specific characteristics, including softness, toughness, absorption, water repellence, electrostatics, and filtering ability. They are commonly used for cleaning scratch prone surfaces such as Display device, displays, glass, and Lens, lenses. Microfiber cloth makes use of van der Waals force to remove dirt without scratches. History Production of ultra-fine fibers (finer than 0.7 Denier (unit), denier) dates to the late 1950s, using melt-blown s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ultrasuede
Ultrasuede is the trade name for a synthetic ultra-microfiber fabric which mimics suede leather. In Japan, it is sold under the brand name Ecsaine. The fabric is used in fashion, interior decorating, automobile and other vehicle upholstery, and industrial applications, such as protective fabric for electronic equipment. It is used to make footbags (also known as hacky sacks) and juggling balls. Other manufacturers such as Sensuede and Majilite also produce similar product lines of synthetic microfiber suede. Composition Fabric content ranges from 80% polyester non-woven (100% recycled ultra-microfiber) and 20% non-fibrous polyurethane to 65% polyester and 35% polyurethane, depending on the product line. Ultrasuede feels like natural suede, but it is resistant to stains and discoloration; it can be washed in a washing machine. It has a woven fabric surface, but resists pilling Pilling is a village and civil parish within the Borough of Wyre, Wyre borough of Lancashire, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcantara (material)
Alcantara is the brand name of a synthetic textile with a soft, suede-like microfibre pile, noted for its durability. Alcantara was developed in the 1970s by Miyoshi Okamoto and initially manufactured by the Italian company Alcantara. The term has an Arabic root () and means "the bridge". Alcantara is produced by combining an advanced spinning process (producing very low denier bicomponent " islands-in-the-sea" fiber) and chemical and textile production processes (needle punching, buffing, impregnation, extraction, finishing, dyeing, etc.) which interact with each other. Alcantara is commonly seen in automotive applications,"Automotive applications", Alcantara S.p.A. https://www.alcantara.com/applications/automotive/ as a substitute for leather and vinyl in vehicle interior trim. It is also used in the design, fashion, consumer electronics and marine industries. History The material was developed in the early 1970s by Miyoshi Okamoto, a scientist working for the Japanese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emery Paper
upright=1.35, Sheets of sandpaper with different grit sizes (40 (coarse), 80, 150, 240, 600 (fine)) Sandpaper, also known as coated abrasive or emery paper, is a type of material that consists of sheets of paper or cloth with an abrasive substance glued to one face. In the modern manufacture of these products, sand and glass have been replaced by other abrasives such as aluminium oxide or silicon carbide. It is common to use the name of the abrasive when describing the paper, e.g. "aluminium oxide paper", or "silicon carbide paper". There are many varieties of sandpaper, with variations in the paper or backing, the material used for the grit, grit size, and the bond. Sandpaper is produced in a range of grit sizes and is used to remove material from surfaces, whether to make them smoother (for example, in painting and wood finishing), to remove a layer of material (such as old paint), or sometimes to make the surface rougher (for example, as a preparation for gluing). The grit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Finishing Of Textiles
Chemical finishing of textiles refers to the process of applying and treating textiles with a variety of chemicals in order to achieve desired functional and aesthetic properties. Textile finishing is the process by which these chemical applications, along with mechanical finishing treatments, convert woven or knitted cloth into usable material. Chemical finishing imparts a wide variety of properties such as waterproofing, wrinkle-resistance, and lasting sheen, among many others, to textiles according to the intended function of the final product. Finish Textile finishing is the process of converting the loom state or raw goods into a useful product, which can be done mechanically or chemically. Finishing is a broad term that refers to a variety of physical and chemical techniques and treatments that finish one stage of textile production while also preparing for the next. Textile finishing can include aspects like improving surface feel, aesthetic enhancement, and adding advance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teasel
''Dipsacus'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. The members of this genus are known as teasel, teazel or teazle. The genus includes about 15 species of tall herbaceous biennial plants (rarely short-lived perennial plants) growing to tall. ''Dipsacus'' species are native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa. Etymology The genus name (''Dipsacus'') is derived from the Greek word for thirst (''dipsa'') and refers to the cup-like formation made where Sessility (botany), sessile leaves merge at the stem. The name ''teasel'' derives from words such as Old English ''tǣsl'', ''tǣsel''; relating to the verb "to tease" – the dried heads of the plant were once used in the textile industry to raise the nap on woolen cloth. Description Teasels are easily identified with their prickly stem and leaves, and the inflorescence of purple, dark pink, lavender or white flowers that form a head on the end of the stem(s). The inflorescence is ovoid, long and broad, wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raising Card
A raising card is used in the process of gigging, or producing the nap of cloth. Originally, only woolen cloth was raised, but now gigging is used on rayon, silk, and cotton fabrics to create a soft, lustrous nap. Raising is one of the last steps in the finishing process for cloth. It was first done using the dried fruit pod of a teasel ''Dipsacus'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. The members of this genus are known as teasel, teazel or teazle. The genus includes about 15 species of tall herbaceous biennial plants (rarely short-lived perennial plants ... plant, then technology moved on and raising cards were created. A raising card is a brush with metal bristles, similar to hand cards and to the original teasel pod. The process was mechanized during the industrial revolution, and the raising machine (the gig-mill) looks and works much like the large carding machines, in that it has a large main roller with several small ones positioned around ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flannel
Flannel is a soft woven fabric, of varying fineness. Flannel was originally made from carded wool or worsted yarn, but is now often made from either wool, cotton, or synthetic fiber. Flannel is commonly used to make tartan clothing, blankets, bed sheets, sleepwear, and several other uses. Flannel may be brushed to create extra softness or remain unbrushed. Brushing is a mechanical process wherein a fine metal brush rubs the fabric to raise fine fibres from the loosely spun yarns to form a nap on one or both sides. If the flannel is not napped, it gains its softness through the loosely spun yarn in its woven form. The term "flannel shirt" is often mistakenly used to refer to any shirt with a plaid or tartan pattern. However, 'flannel' refers simply to the fabric; not all flannel shirts are plaid and not all plaid shirts are flannel. History The word's origin is uncertain, but a Welsh origin has been suggested as fabric similar to flannel can be traced back to Wales, where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
