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Nandu River Iron Bridge
The Nandu River Iron Bridge (), also known as the Devil's Iron Bridge, Old Iron Bridge, and originally the Lu Palace Bridge (), is a partially collapsed, steel truss bridge over the Nandu River, in the north of Hainan Province, China. Opened to traffic in 1942, it was Hainan's first bridge over the Nandu River. History The bridge was built by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War to provide access to the land west of the river. On March 26, 1940, approval was given to begin design and construction. The responsibility for the bridge's construction was given to the Japanese company Shimizu Group Contracting, with the steel frames built by Taiwan's Takao Shipbuilding Production and Installation. The bridge is long, wide, and has a concrete deck. A cylindrical, concrete guard house remains at the eastern end with horizontal openings. The bridge was designed for a maximum useful lifespan of 20 years, and could carry 20 tons. After Japan's defeat in World Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nandu River
The Nandu River () is the longest river in Hainan Hainan is an island provinces of China, province and the southernmost province of China. It consists of the eponymous Hainan Island and various smaller islands in the South China Sea under the province's administration. The name literally mean ... Province, China. Its tributary is the Xinwu River. The river discharges into the Nandu River estuary at Haikou city, and then into Qiongzhou Strait. The river is 314 km long, with a discharge of 6.099 billion cubic metres. It passes the major settlements of Chengmai Zhen in Chengmai County then Dingcheng in Ding'an County. The river then turns north, goes over the Longtang Dam at Longtang, a somewhat smaller town than Chengmai and Ding'an. The Nandu then goes under several bridges, such as the Nandu River Iron Bridge and Qiongzhou Bridge. Once passed the Qiongzhou Bridge, at the southern tip of Xinbu Island, the Nandu flows north along the east side of Xinbu Island and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bridges In Hainan
A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or railway) without blocking the path underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, which is usually something that is otherwise difficult or impossible to cross. There are many different designs of bridges, each serving a particular purpose and applicable to different situations. Designs of bridges vary depending on factors such as the function of the bridge, the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed and anchored, the material used to make it, and the funds available to build it. The earliest bridges were likely made with fallen trees and stepping stones. The Neolithic people built boardwalk bridges across marshland. The Arkadiko Bridge, dating from the 13th century BC, in the Peloponnese is one of the oldest arch bridges in existence and use. Etymology The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' traces the origin of the word ''bridge' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Road Bridges In China
A road is a thoroughfare used primarily for movement of traffic. Roads differ from streets, whose primary use is local access. They also differ from stroads, which combine the features of streets and roads. Most modern roads are Road surface, paved. The words "road" and "street" are commonly considered to be interchangeable, but the distinction is important in urban design. There are road hierarchy, many types of roads, including parkways, avenue (landscape), avenues, controlled-access highways (freeways, motorways, and expressways), tollways, interstates, highways, and local roads. The primary features of roads include lanes, sidewalks (pavement), roadways (carriageways), median strip, medians, shoulder (road), shoulders, road verge, verges, bike paths (cycle paths), and shared-use paths. Definitions Historically, many roads were simply recognizable routes without any formal construction or some maintenance. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Organi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bridges Completed In 1942
A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or railway) without blocking the path underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, which is usually something that is otherwise difficult or impossible to cross. There are many different designs of bridges, each serving a particular purpose and applicable to different situations. Designs of bridges vary depending on factors such as the function of the bridge, the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed and anchored, the material used to make it, and the funds available to build it. The earliest bridges were likely made with fallen trees and stepping stones. The Neolithic people built boardwalk bridges across marshland. The Arkadiko Bridge, dating from the 13th century BC, in the Peloponnese is one of the oldest arch bridges in existence and use. Etymology The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' traces the origin of the word ''bridge' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitting Corrosion
Pitting corrosion, or pitting, is a form of extremely localized corrosion that leads to the random creation of small holes in metal. The driving power for pitting corrosion is the depassivation of a small area, which becomes anodic (oxidation reaction) while an unknown but potentially vast area becomes cathodic (reduction reaction), leading to very localized galvanic corrosion. The corrosion penetrates the mass of the metal, with a limited diffusion of ions. Another term arises, pitting factor, which is defined as the ratio of the depth of the deepest pit (resulting due to corrosion) to the average penetration, which can be calculated based on the weight loss. Development and kinetics of pitting According to Frankel (1998) who performed a review on pitting corrosion, it develops in three successive steps: (or nucleation) by breakdown of the passive film protecting the metal surface from oxidation, (2) growth of metastable pits (growing up to the micron scale and then repassivat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nandu River Iron Bridge Corrosion - 04
Nandu may refer to: Places * Chengdu, a city in Sichuan, China, known as (''Southern Capital'' or ''Nandu'') during the early Tang dynasty * Jiangling County, a city in Hubei, China, formerly known as (''Southern Capital'' or ''Nandu'') during the later Tang dynasty * Nandu River, Hainan province, China Other uses * Ñandú, a native South American name for any of three species of Rhea. * ''Nandu'' (film), a 1981 Tamil film * Ñandú (vehicle), a 1940s all-terrain military vehicle * Southern Metropolis Daily, often shortened to Nandu (南都) * One of the Argentine Air Force flights that attacked the British fleet in the Battle of San Carlos, during the Falklands War, 1982 People with the given name * Nandu Bhende (c. 1955–2014), Indian singer * Nandu M. Natekar (1933–2021), Indian badminton player * Nandu (Malayalam actor) Nandalal Krishnamoorthy, better known by his stage name Nandu, is an Indian actor who primarily works in Malayalam films. He has worked in the i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qiongzhou Bridge
Qiongzhou Bridge (), also known as the Nandu Bridge and the Nandu Ninth Bridge, is a bridge that spans the Nandu River, Hainan Province, China. Opened on May 12, 2003, at a cost of 200 million yuan (US$32.3 million), it serves as the main bridge from Haikou city to Haikou Meilan International Airport. It crosses the Nandu River at the east end of Guoxing Avenue. The bridge replaces the partially collapsed Nandu River Iron Bridge some away. Description This is a tied-arch bridge comprising five tubular steel arches mounted on six concrete foundations. The total width is with a span of . It is a two-way bridge with each direction having two lanes for cars and trucks. The two directions of traffic are separated by a steel pipe mounted approximately above the deck. There is also a lane for two-wheel vehicles and, beside that, an outermost lane for pedestrian traffic, which is raised above the deck by about . These two lanes are separated from the main traffic roads by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the China, People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. It has an area of , with mountain ranges dominating the eastern two-thirds and plains in the western third, where its Urbanization by country, highly urbanized population is concentrated. The combined Free area of the Republic of China, territories under ROC control consist of list of islands of Taiwan, 168 islands in total covering . The Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area, largest metropolitan area is formed by Taipei (the capital), New Taipei City, and Keelung. With around 23.9 million inhabitants, Taiwan is among the List of countries and dependencies by population density, most densely populated countries. Tai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haikou
Haikou; Chinese postal romanization, formerly romanized as Hoihow is the capital city, capital and most populous city of the Chinese province of Hainan. Haikou city is situated on the northern coast of Hainan, by the mouth of the Nandu River. The northern part of the city is on the Haidian Island, which is separated from the main part of Haikou by the Haidian River, a branch of the Nandu. Administratively, Haikou is a prefecture-level city, comprising four districts, and covering . There are 2,046,189 inhabitants in the built-up area, all living within the four urban districts of the city. Haikou was originally a port city, serving as the port for Qiongshan District, Qiongshan. During the Chinese Civil War, Haikou was one of the last Republic of China (1912–1949), Nationalist strongholds to be taken by the Communist Party of China, Communists – with the Battle of Hainan Island in 1950. Currently, more than half of the island's total trade still goes through Haikou's ports. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Sino-Japanese War
The Second Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between 1937 and 1945, following a period of war localized to Manchuria that started in 1931. It is considered part of World War II, and often regarded as the beginning of World WarII in Asia. It was the largest Asian war in the 20th century and has been described as The Asian Holocaust, in reference to the scale of Japanese war crimes against Chinese civilians. It is known in China as the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. On 18 September 1931, the Japanese staged the Mukden incident, a false flag event fabricated to justify their Japanese invasion of Manchuria, invasion of Manchuria and establishment of the puppet state of Manchukuo. This is sometimes marked as the beginning of the war. From 1931 to 1937, China and Japan engaged in skirmishes, including January 28 incident, in Shanghai and in Northern China. Chinese Nationalist and C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
