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Nandivarman III
Nandivarman III was an Indian monarch of the Nandivarman II line who ruled the Pallava kingdom from 846 to 869. He was the son of Dantivarman and the grandson of Nandivarman II. Reign Nandivarman III was born to the Pallava king Dantivarman and a Kadamba princess named Aggalanimati. His guru (teacher) was the well-known Digambara Jain monk Jinasena. He tried to reverse the decline that began in the reign of his father Dantivarman. Nandivarman III made an alliance with the Rashtrakutas and the Gangas to form a confederacy against the Pandyas. He defeated the Pandyas at the Battle of Tellaru in 830. He then pursued the retreating Pandyan army as far as the Vaigai river. The Pandyan king Srimara Srivallabha, however, recovered most of his territories and even defeated the Pallavas at Kumbakonam.Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) ''The Pandyan Kingdom.'' London, Luzac and Company. 74–76. Nandivarman had a powerful navy and maintained trade contacts with Siam and Malaya. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pallava Dynasty
The Pallava dynasty existed from 275 CE to 897 CE, ruling a significant portion of the Deccan, also known as Tondaimandalam. The Pallavas played a crucial role in shaping in particular southern Indian history and heritage. The dynasty rose to prominence after the downfall of the Satavahana Empire, whom they had formerly served as feudatories. The Pallavas became a major southern Indian power during the reign of Mahendravarman I (600–630 CE) and Narasimhavarman I (630–668 CE), and dominated the southern Telugu region and the northern parts of the Tamil region for about 600 years, until the end of the 9th century. Throughout their reign, they remained in constant conflict with both the Chalukyas of Vatapi to the north, and the Tamil kingdoms of Chola and Pandyas to their south. The Pallavas were finally defeated by the Chola ruler Aditya I in the 9th century CE. The Pallavas are most noted for their patronage of Hindu Vaishnava temple architecture, the fine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Srimara Srivallabha
Srimara Srivallabha (r. c. 815–c. 862 ADSastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar''. Madras, Oxford University Press. 165.)(Tamil:சீமாறன் சீவல்லபன்) was a Pandya king of early medieval south India.Noburu Karashima (ed.), ''A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.'' New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 88-89.Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar''. Madras, Oxford University Press. 151-52. Srimara was famously known as the Parachakra Kolahala ("the Confounder of the Circle of his Enemies").Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar''. Madras, Oxford University Press. 154-55. The Larger Sinnamanur Plates are the major source of information about this Pandya king.Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paluvettaraiyar
The Pazhuvettaraiyar were one of the feudatories of the medieval Chola, Cholas in southern India. They ruled over the regions of Kizha-Pazhuvur, Mela-Pazhuvur and Keezhaiyur in the Ariyalur_taluk, Ariyalur taluk of the Ariyalur district in present-day Tamil Nadu. They contributed significantly to the local temples through various benefactions and were known to have been related to the imperial Cholas by marriage. Origins According to the Anbil Plates of Sundara Chola, his paternal grandmother—the queen of Parantaka I and the mother of Arinjaya Chola, Arinjaya—was a member of the Pazhuvettaraiyar family. She is described as the daughter of a "Chera mandala" prince called "Pazhuvettaraiyar". This suggests that the Pazhuvettaraiyar were of Chera or Kerala origin. However, it is unclear whether they already possessed the regions of Kizha-Pazhuvur, Mela-Pazhuvur, and Keezhaiyur or if these dominions were granted to them after their alliance with the Chola, Cholas. Epigraph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amoghavarsha I
Amoghavarsha I (also known as Amoghavarsha Nrupatunga I) (r. 814 – 878 CE) is considered by many historians to be the greatest emperor of the Rashtrakuta dynasty. His reign of 64 years is one of the longest precisely dated monarchical reigns on record. Many Kannada and Sanskrit scholars prospered during his rule, including the great Indian mathematician Mahaviracharya who wrote ''Ganita-sara-samgraha'', Jinasena, Virasena, Shakatayan and Sri Vijaya (a Kannada language theorist). Amoghavarsha I was an accomplished poet and scholar. He wrote (or co-authored) the '' Kavirajamarga'', the earliest extant literary work in Kannada,Sastri (1955), p. 355. and ''Prashnottara Ratnamalika'', a religious work in Sanskrit. During his rule he held titles such as ''Nrupathunga'', ''Atishadhavala'', ''Veeranarayana'', ''Rattamarthanda'' and ''Srivallabha''. He moved the Rashtrakuta regnal capital from Mayurkhandi in the present-day Bidar district to Manyakheta in the present-day Kalab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rashtrakuta
The Rashtrakuta Empire was a royal Indian polity ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the 6th and 10th centuries. The earliest known Rashtrakuta inscription is a 7th-century copper plate grant detailing their rule from Manapur, a city in Central or West India. Other ruling Rashtrakuta clans from the same period mentioned in inscriptions were the kings of Achalapur and the rulers of Kannauj. Several controversies exist regarding the origin of these early Rashtrakutas, their native homeland and their language. The Elichpur clan was a feudatory of the Badami Chalukyas, and during the rule of Dantidurga, it overthrew Chalukya Kirtivarman II and went on to build an empire with the Gulbarga region in modern Karnataka as its base. This clan came to be known as the Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta, rising to power in South India in 753 AD. At the same time the Pala dynasty of Bengal and the Prathihara dynasty of Gurjaratra were gaining force in eastern and northwes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thirukattupalli
Thirukattupalli (Ancient name: Melaithirukattupalli) is a panchayat town near Thiruvaiyaru in Thanjavur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The economy of this town is majorly based on the agricultural lands of the surrounding villages. Its nearby major cities include Thanjavur (28 km Southeast) and Trichy (32 km Northwest). Modes of transportation to these cities include regular daily bus services (Theeyadiappar Bus Station) and Budalur Railway Station (located 6 km South). Sir P. S. Sivaswami Iyer Higher Secondary School located at the heart of this town serves as the alma-mater for nearly all locals. This place has a big Shiva temple called the Theeyaadiappar Temple, (also known as Agneeshwarar). This temple is referred to in ancient Tamil literature, and plays a part in the history of Chola dynasty. This place is 14 km from Grand Anicut - an ancient dam and the oldest water-diversion structure in the world still in use. This is a central market tow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiliyanur
Kiliyanur is a village in Villupuram, Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. Geography It is located at at an elevation of 17 m from MSL.http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/25/Kiliyanur.html Map and weather of Kiliyanur Location National Highway 66 (India), ECR passes through Kiliyanur. Nearest airport is Chennai International Airport, Trichy International Airport. Adjacent communities References External links Satellite map of Kiliyanur Cities and towns in Viluppuram district {{Viluppuram-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baratham Paadiya Perundevanar
Baratham Paadiya Perundevanar (Tamil: பாரதம் பாடிய பெருந்தேவனார்) was a Medieval Tamil poet of the 9th century CE. Perundevanar was the author of the Bharatha Venba, a 12,000-verse Tamil work on the epic of Mahabharata. He also penned verse 30 of the Tiruvalluva Maalai. Of the 12,000 verses of the Bharatha Venba, only about 830 remain. Of the 830 remaining verses, 818 were published in 1925 by A. Gopala Iyer. To differentiate Perundevanar from his namesake, Perunthevanar the Sangam-era poet, he came to be known by the name "Baratham Paadiya Perundevanar" (Perundevanar who sang Mahabharata). He reportedly added a God-invoking verse to all the works in Ettuthogai (the Eight anthologies) of the Sangam literature and hence has been credited with compiling those works. See also * Sangam literature * List of Sangam poets * Tiruvalluva Maalai Tiruvalluva Malai () is an anthology of ancient Tamil paeans containing fifty-five verses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamil Language
Tamil (, , , also written as ''Tamizhil'' according to linguistic pronunciation) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia. It is one of the longest-surviving classical languages in the world,. "Tamil is one of the two longest-surviving classical languages in India" (p. 7). attested since 300 BC, 300 BCE.: "...the most acceptable periodisation which has so far been suggested for the development of Tamil writing seems to me to be that of A Chidambaranatha Chettiar (1907–1967): 1. Sangam Literature – 200BC to AD 200; 2. Post Sangam literature – AD 200 – AD 600; 3. Early Medieval literature – AD 600 to AD 1200; 4. Later Medieval literature – AD 1200 to AD 1800; 5. Pre-Modern literature – AD 1800 to 1900" at p. 610 Tamil was the lingua franca for early maritime traders in South India, with Tamil inscriptions found outside of the Indian subcontinent, such as Indonesia, Thailand, and Egypt. The language has a well-documented history wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manigramam
Manigiramam, or manigramam, typically refers to a medieval merchant guild organized by itinerant ethnic Indian traders, primarily active in southern India. Along with the ainurruvar (the Ayyavole Five Hundred) and the anjuvannam (the anjuman), the manigiramam played a significant role in the commercial activities of the region. Unlike the anjuvannam, which was confined to the port-towns of southern India, the manigramam operated in both port towns and hinter-land trade centers. A body of merchants known as "the Vaniggrama" or "Vaniyagrama" is attested in northern India as early as the first century BCE. They are mentioned in a Karle inscription (first century BCE), a charter of king Vishnusena from Kathiawad (6th century CE), and in a Sanjeli charter of king Toramana (6th century CE). Records of the activities of the manigiramam in southern India can be traced back to the 5th century CE. The earliest references appear in two copper plate grants from south Karnataka (from Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania. Southeast Asia is bordered to the north by East Asia, to the west by South Asia and the Bay of Bengal, to the east by Oceania and the Pacific Ocean, and to the south by Australia (continent), Australia and the Indian Ocean. Apart from the British Indian Ocean Territory and two out of Atolls of the Maldives, 26 atolls of the Maldives in South Asia, Maritime Southeast Asia is the only other subregion of Asia that lies partly within the Southern Hemisphere. Mainland Southeast Asia is entirely in the Northern Hemisphere. Timor-Leste and the southern portion of Indonesia are the parts of Southeast Asia that lie south of the equator. The region lies near the intersection of Plate tectonics, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malay Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula is located in Mainland Southeast Asia. The landmass runs approximately north–south, and at its terminus, it is the southernmost point of the Asian continental mainland. The area contains Peninsular Malaysia, Southern Thailand, and the southernmost tip of Myanmar (Kawthaung District, Kawthaung). The island country of Singapore also has historical and cultural ties with the region. The Titiwangsa Mountains are part of the Tenasserim Hills system and form the backbone of the peninsula and the southernmost section of the central cordillera, which runs from Tibet through the Kra Isthmus, the peninsula's narrowest point, into the Malay Peninsula. The Strait of Malacca separates the Malay Peninsula from the Indonesian island of Sumatra, and the south coast is separated from the island of Singapore by the Straits of Johor. Etymology The Malay term ''Tanah Melayu'' is derived from the word ''Tanah'' (land) and ''Melayu'' (Malays (ethnic group), Malays), thus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
