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Nandana (Jain Monk)
Nandana Fort or Nandna Fort () was a fort built at strategic location on a hilly range on the eastern flanks of the Salt Range in Punjab. Its ruins, including those of a town and a temple, are present. History It was ruled by the Hindu Shahi kings until, in the early 11th century, Mahmud of Ghazni expelled them from Nandana. Al-Biruni carried out his measurements of the circumference of the Earth here. The Tourism Development Corporation of Punjab (TDCP) was tasked by the Prime Ministers Office to rehabilitate the site with the aim of making it an international tourist destination. Prime Minister Imran Khan had been informed of the decrepit state of the site by his wife's nephew, Shahroze Khan, who had previously heard about the state of the fort from Paul Salopek, a New York Times contributor. In February 2021, the PM and several aides and cabinet members attended an official event celebrating the restoration of the site. Anandapala, the son of Jayapala of the Hindu Shahi dyn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort
A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ("strong") and ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large cyclopean stone walls fitted without mortar had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae. A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they acted as a bor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shiva Temple
A Hindu temple, also known as Mandir, Devasthanam, Pura, or Kovil, is a sacred place where Hindus worship and show their devotion to deities through worship, sacrifice, and prayers. It is considered the house of the god to whom it is dedicated.; Quote: "The Hindu temple is designed to bring about contact between man and the gods of Hinduism religion" (...) "The architecture of the Hindu temple symbolically represents this quest by setting out to dissolve or decrease the boundaries between man and the divine". Hindu temple architecture, which makes extensive use of squares and circles, has its roots in later Vedic traditions, which also influence the temples' construction and symbolism. Through astronomical numbers and particular alignments connected to the temple's location and the relationship between the deity and the worshipper, the temple's design also illustrates the idea of recursion and the equivalency of the macrocosm and the microcosm. A temple incorporates all eleme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forts In Punjab, Pakistan
A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ("strong") and ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large cyclopean stone walls fitted without mortar had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae. A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they acted as a border g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultural Heritage Sites In Punjab, Pakistan
Following is the list of cultural heritage sites in Punjab, Pakistan. The list also includes the three inscribed and seven tentative List of World Heritage Sites in Pakistan, UNESCO World Heritage Site as well as four national monuments in the province. The provincial government passed the Punjab Special Premises (Preservation) Ordinance, 1985 under which 272 sites have been protected by January 2013. Protected sites Following is the list of sites protected by the Federal Government of Pakistan. Districts Attock to Khanewal District Lahore Districts Mianwali to Sialkot Special premises The monuments below have been declared Special Premises (protected site) by the Government of Punjab, Pakistan, Government of Punjab under the 1985 Ordinance. Districts Chiniot to Khushab District Lahore Districts Layyah to Vehari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeological Sites In Punjab, Pakistan
Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, archaeological site, sites, and cultural landscapes. Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities. It is usually considered an independent academic discipline, but may also be classified as part of anthropology (in North America – the four-field approach), history or geography. The discipline involves Survey (archaeology), surveying, Archaeological excavation, excavation, and eventually Post excavation, analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research. Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Cultural Heritage Sites In Punjab, Pakistan
Following is the list of cultural heritage sites in Punjab, Pakistan. The list also includes the three inscribed and seven tentative UNESCO World Heritage Site World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection under an treaty, international treaty administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance. The sites are judged to contain "cultural and natural ... as well as four national monuments in the province. The provincial government passed the Punjab Special Premises (Preservation) Ordinance, 1985 under which 272 sites have been protected by January 2013. Protected sites Following is the list of sites protected by the Federal Government of Pakistan. Districts Attock to Khanewal District Lahore Districts Mianwali to Sialkot Special premises The monuments below have been declared Special Premises (protected site) by the G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Museums In Pakistan
This is a list of museums, galleries, and related building structures in Pakistan. Museums and galleries Archaeological and historical museums * Harappa Museum, Harappa * Bahawalpur Museum, Bahawalpur * Bannu Museum, Bannu * Chitral Museum * City Museum, Gorkhatri, Peshawar * Dir Museum, Chakdara * Hund Museum, Swabi * Kasur Museum, Kasur * Kalasha Dur Museum, Chitral * Lahore Museum, Lahore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Forts In Pakistan ...
The following is a partial list of forts and castles in Pakistan: See also * Tourism in Pakistan * List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Pakistan * List of museums in Pakistan * Lahore Fort * Rohtas Fort * Noor Mahal * Derawar Fort References External links {{Castles in Pakistan * * Pakistan Forts Forts A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of UNESCO World Heritage Sites In Pakistan
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. Cultural heritage consists of monuments (such as architectural works, monumental sculptures, or inscriptions), groups of buildings, and sites (including archaeological sites). Natural features (consisting of physical and biological formations), geological and physiographical formations (including habitats of threatened species of animals and plants), and natural sites which are important from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty, are defined as natural heritage. Pakistan ratified the convention on 23 July 1976, making its sites eligible for inclusion on the list. There are six World Heritage Sites in Pakistan, and a further 26 on the tentative list. The first three sites were listed in 1980, the Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jayapala
Jayapala was a ruler of the Hindu Shahi dynasty from 964 to 1001 CE. He ruled over the area which stretched from Laghman in the west, to Kashmir in the east and from Sirhind to Multan. He was the son of Hutpal and the father of Anandapala. Epithets from the Bari Kot inscriptions record his full title as "Parama Bhattaraka Maharajadhiraja Sri Jayapaladeva". History After three centuries of unremitting effort, the Arab/Turkic dominion in India at the end of 950 was limited to two states, Multan and Mansura. The city of Kabul was under the command of Sabuktigin, however, the Hindu Shahi rulers stationed at Udabhandapur had been making continuous effort for regaining control of Kabul. In 986–987, Jayapala marched towards Ghazni and met with Sabuktigin's forces at Ghuzak. The war remained largely inconclusive for days before the tide turned against the Shahis: Jayapala was forced to propose a peace treaty. Mahmud, son of Sabuktigin and a battle commander, wished to i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salt Range
The Salt Range ( and Namkistan نمکستان) is a mountain range in the north of Punjab province of Pakistan, deriving its name from its extensive deposits of rock salt. The range extends along the south of the Potohar Plateau and the north of the Jhelum River. The Salt Range contains the great mines of Khewra, Kalabagh and Warcha which yield vast supplies of salt. Coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other Chemical element, elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal i ... of a medium quality is also found here. The Salt Range starts from the Bakralla and Tilla Jogian ridges in the east and extends to the west of River Jhelum. In the Himalayan and Salt Range, rock containing fossil of marine life go back to the Ediacaran period (up to 570 million years ago), which shows these rocks have developed out of sea sediments, and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anandapala
The Hindu Shahis, also referred to as the Kabul Shahis and Uḍi Śāhis, were a dynasty established between 843 CE and 1026 CE. They endured multiple waves of conquests for nearly two centuries and their core territory was described as having contained the regions of Gandhara and Eastern Afghanistan, encompassing the area up to the Sutlej river in modern day Punjab, expanding into the Kangra Valley. The empire was founded by Kallar in after overthrowing Lagaturman, the last Turk Shahi king. The history of the Hindu Shahis begins in 843 CE with Kallar deposing the last Turk Shahi ruler, Lagaturman. Samanta succeeded him, and it was during his reign that the region of Kabul was lost to the Persianate Saffarid empire. Lalliya replaced Samanta soon after and re-conquered Kabul whilst also subduing the region of Zabulistan. He is additionally noteworthy for coming into conflict with Samkaravarman of the Utpala dynasty, resulting in his victory and the latter's death in Hazara. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
