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Namoya Mine
Namoya Mine is an open pit gold mine in Maniema province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) which started operations in 2016. Production has been disrupted by repeated attacks from rebel militias. The original Canadian owner sold to a Chinese consortium in 2020 due to security concerns. Location The Namoya Mine is in Kabambare Territory of Maniema, just south of the South Kivu border and north of the RP1121 highway. It is south of Mount Mutumba in the Itombwe Mountains. Namoya Airport and Namoya town are to the south of the mine. The Kama River flows through Namoya town. The mine is at the south end of the Twangiza-Namoya gold belt, also called the Maniema-South Kivu Gold Belt, which stretches from South Kivu into Maniema. The belt extends from Twangiza Mine, Twangiza southwest to Namoya Mine. Banro Corporation of Canada has a exploration permit around Namoya with four main deposits: Mount Mwendamboko, Muviringu, Kakula and Namoya Summit. The mine is on the western m ...
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Maniema
Maniema Province (''Jimbo la Maniema'', in Swahili) is one of 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Its capital is Kindu. The 2020 population was estimated to be 2,856,300. Toponymy Henry Morton Stanley explored the area, calling it Manyema.Stanley, H.M., 1899, Through the Dark Continent, London: G. Newnes, Vol. One , Vol. Two Geography Maniema borders the provinces of Sankuru to the west, Tshopo to the north, North Kivu and South Kivu to the east, and Lomami and Tanganyika to the south. Administrative divisions Maniema consists of the city of Kindu and seven territories: Punia, Pangi, Lubutu, Kibombo, Kasongo, Kailo and Kabambare. Economy Mining is the main industry in the province and diamonds, copper, gold Gold is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol Au (from Latin ) and atomic number 79. In its pure form, it is a brightness, bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is ...
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Albite
Albite is a plagioclase feldspar mineral. It is the sodium endmember of the plagioclase solid solution series. It represents a plagioclase with less than 10% anorthite content. The pure albite endmember has the formula . It is a tectosilicate. Its color is usually pure white, hence its name from Latin, . It is a common constituent in felsic rocks. Properties Albite crystallizes with triclinic pinacoidal forms. Its specific gravity is about 2.62 and it has a Mohs hardness of 6 to 6.5. Albite almost always exhibits crystal twinning often as minute parallel striations on the crystal face. Albite often occurs as fine parallel segregations alternating with pink microcline in perthite as a result of exolution on cooling. There are two variants of albite, which are referred to as 'low albite' and 'high albite'; the latter is also known as 'analbite'. Although both variants are triclinic, they differ in the volume of their unit cell, which is slightly larger for the 'high' ...
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Mai Mai
The term Mai-Mai or Mayi-Mayi refers to any kind of community-based militia group active in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) that is formed to defend local communities and territory against other armed groups. Most were formed to resist the invasion of Rwandan forces and Rwanda. Groups that fall under the umbrella term "Mai-Mai" include armed forces led by warlords, traditional tribal elders, village heads and politically motivated resistance fighters. Because Mai Mai have only the most tenuous internal cohesion, different Mai-Mai groups allied themselves with a variety of domestic and foreign government and guerrilla groups at different times. The term Mai-Mai refers not to any particular movement, affiliation or political objective but to a broad variety of groups. The name comes from the Swahili word for water, '' maji''. Militia members sprinkle themselves with water to protect themselves from bullets.E.F. Kisangani, S.F. BobbHistorical Dictionary of the Democrati ...
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Connecticut
Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital is Hartford, Connecticut, Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport, Connecticut, Bridgeport. Connecticut lies between the major hubs of New York City and Boston along the Northeast megalopolis, Northeast Corridor, where the New York metropolitan area, New York-Newark Combined Statistical Area, which includes four of Connecticut's seven largest cities, extends into the southwestern part of the state. Connecticut is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, third-smallest state by area after Rhode Island and Delaware, and the List of U.S. states and territories by population, 29th most populous with more than 3.6 million residents as of 2024, ranking it fourth among the List of states and territories of the Unite ...
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Gramercy Funds Management
Gramercy Funds Management is an investment manager dedicated to emerging markets. The company’s strategies include multi-asset, private credit, public credit, and special situations. History Gramercy was founded in 1998 by Robert Koenigsberger, Managing Partner and Chief Investment Officer. The firm is headquartered in West Palm Beach, Florida with additional offices in Connecticut, London, Buenos Aires, Mexico City. In 2011, the IRS disallowed hundreds of millions of dollars in tax loss claims for Gramercy clients after ruling investments in Brazilian debt were made with the sole economic purpose of generating tax benefits. Investment strategy Since its establishment in 1998, Gramercy has transitioned from a boutique emerging markets debt firm to become a diversified investment adviser. As of July 2023, the company had multiple hedge funds, separately managed accounts, long-only emerging markets debt, alternative credit, special situations, capital lending/private credit in e ...
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Baiyin Nonferrous
Baiyin Nonferrous Group Co., Ltd. ( zh, 白银有色集团股份有限公司), also known as BNMC, is a major Chinese state-owned enterprise involved in the mining, smelting, and processing of nonferrous metals, including copper, lead, zinc, silver, and gold. Headquartered in Baiyin, Gansu Province, the company is a key player in China's nonferrous metals industry and has significantly expanded its global footprint in recent years. Corporate affairs As of 2017, the company's major shareholders included: * Gansu Provincial People's Government – 36.16% * CITIC Guoan Group – 32.27% * Ruiyuan (Shanghai) Investment Fund – 11.47% * China Cinda Asset Management – 5.38% * CITIC Group – 2.81% History The company's predecessor, Baiyin Nonferrous Metal Corporation, was founded in 1954 as one of the major industrial projects of the First Five-Year Plan. It became China’s primary copper supplier, although the main copper mine in Baiyin was depleted and shut down in 1988. ...
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Laurent-Désiré Kabila
Laurent-Désiré Kabila (; 27 November 1939 – 16 January 2001) usually known as Laurent Kabila or Kabila the Father (American English, US: ), was a Congolese rebel and politician who served as the third president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1997 until Assassination of Laurent-Désiré Kabila, his assassination in 2001. Kabila initially gained prominence as an opponent of Mobutu Sese Seko during the Congo Crisis (1960–1965). He took part in the Simba rebellion and led the Communist-aligned Maquis of Fizi, Fizi rebel Secession, breakaway state in eastern Congo from 1967 to 1988 before disappearing from public. In the 1990s, Kabila re-emerged as leader of the Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo (ADFL), a Rwandan and Ugandan-sponsored rebel group that invaded Zaire and overthrew Mobutu during the First Congo War from 1996 to 1997. Following the war, Kabila became the new president of the country, whose name was changed back to the Democratic ...
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Société Aurifère Du Kivu Et Du Maniema
Société Aurifère du Kivu et du Maniema, SARL (SAKIMA) is a Congolese state-owned mining company which holds interests in various gold and tin mines in the provinces of Maniema, North Kivu and South Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The company's operations are based in the town of Kalima. History SAKIMA was founded in 1997 to take over the assets of Société Minière et Industrielle du Kivu. SAKIMA was originally 93% owned by the Canada-based ''Banro Resource Corporation'' and 7% owned by the DRC government. Laurent-Désiré Kabila's administration wanted SAKIMA to invest hundreds of millions into reviving its cassiterite, coltan, and gold mines, but Banro refused as it was only interested in the gold mines. Relations between Banro and the government deteriorated, and the SAKIMA's mining agreements were revoked by presidential degree in July 1998 and transferred to ''Société des Mines du Congo SARL'' (SOMICO), a new wholly Congolese state-owned corpor ...
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Société Minière Et Industrielle Du Kivu
The Société Minière et Industrielle du Kivu (Sominki) was a privately held mining company of Zaire. It operated gold and tin mines, mostly in South Kivu province, between 1974 and 1997. The acquisition of its mining assets by Banro Corporation of Canada was complicated by the First Congo War in 1996–1997, followed by expropriation of the mines by the new Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) government. Eventually Banro gained the right to exploit the gold mines. Foundation In 1973 Cobelmin Zaire, a subsidiary of the ''Compagnie Belge d'Entreprises Minières'', was owner of five small mining companies: Minière des Grands Lacs (MGL), Kinoretain, Kundamines, Minerga and Miluba. Cobelmin and MGL were both located at Kamituga in Kivu Province, which had a large gold mine and was in the center of the tin-bearing cassiterite region. Kivumines, Phibraki, Somikubi and Symetain were also active in the region in 1973. Philips Brothers Sobaki owned 75% and 50% respectively of Kivu ...
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Schist
Schist ( ) is a medium-grained metamorphic rock generally derived from fine-grained sedimentary rock, like shale. It shows pronounced ''schistosity'' (named for the rock). This means that the rock is composed of mineral grains easily seen with a low-power hand lens, oriented in such a way that the rock is easily split into thin flakes or plates. This texture (geology), texture reflects a high content of platy minerals, such as mica, talc, chlorite group, chlorite, or graphite. These are often interleaved with more granular minerals, such as feldspar or quartz. Schist typically forms during regional metamorphism accompanying the process of mountain building (orogeny) and usually reflects a medium Metamorphism#Metamorphic grades, grade of metamorphism. Schist can form from many different kinds of rocks, including sedimentary rocks such as mudstones and igneous rocks such as tuffs. Schist metamorphosed from mudstone is particularly common and is often very rich in mica (a ''mica schis ...
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Sericite
Sericite is the name given to very fine, ragged grains and Aggregate (geology), aggregates of white (colourless) micas, typically made of muscovite, illite, or paragonite. Sericite is produced by the alteration of orthoclase or plagioclase feldspars in areas that have been subjected to hydrothermal alteration (also see Sericitic alteration) typically associated with copper, tin, or other hydrothermal ore deposits. Sericite also occurs as the fine mica that gives the sheen to phyllite and schistose metamorphic rocks. The name comes from Latin ''sericus'', meaning "silken" in reference to the location from which silk was first utilized, which in turn refers to the silky sheen of rocks with abundant sericite. File:Granite pmg ss 2006.jpg, Granite in thin section under cross-polarized light in which feldspar crystals exhibit sericite alteration File:Staurolite garnet schist 3mm xp 2007.jpg, Staurolite-garnet schist in thin section under cross-polarized light with sericite Referen ...
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