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NEA Four
The "NEA Four", Karen Finley, Tim Miller, John Fleck, and Holly Hughes, were performance artists whose proposed grants from the United States government's National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) were vetoed by John Frohnmayer in June 1990. Grants were overtly vetoed on the basis of subject matter after the artists had successfully passed through a peer review process. John Fleck was vetoed for a performance comedy with a toilet prop. The artists won their case in court in 1993 and were awarded amounts equal to the grant money in question, though the case would make its way to the United States Supreme Court in '' National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley'', which ruled in favour of the NEA's decision making process. In response, the NEA, under pressure from Congress, stopped funding individual artists. Lead up to the controversy Peer review process within the NEA The NEA has used peer review panels since 1966 (one year after its inception). The NEA's Founding Chairperson Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karen Finley
Karen Finley (born 1956) is an American performance artist, musician and poet. Her performance art, recordings, and books are used as forms of activism. Her work frequently uses nudity and profanity. Finley incorporates depictions of sexuality, abuse, and disenfranchisement in her work She is currently a professor at the Tisch School of the Arts at New York University. Karen Finley has written various books that focus on controversial topics. She wrote ''Shock Treatment'', ''Enough Is Enough: Weekly Meditations for Living Dysfunctionally'', the Martha Stewart satire ''Living It Up: Humorous Adventures in Hyperdomesticity'', ''Pooh Unplugged'' (detailing the eating and psychological disorders of Winnie the Pooh and his friends), and ''A Different Kind of Intimacy'' - a latter collection of her works. Her poem "The Black Sheep" is among her best-known works; it was displayed as public art in New York City for one month. Finley's poetry is included in '' The Outlaw Bible of America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid digital subscribers. It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as '' The Daily''. Founded in 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones, it was initially published by Raymond, Jones & Company. The ''Times'' has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded as a national "newspaper of record". For print it is ranked 18th in the world by circulation and 3rd in the U.S. The paper is owned by the New York Times Company, which is publicly traded. It has been governed by the Sulzberger family since 1896, through a dual-class share structure after its shares became publicly traded. A. G. Sulzberger, the paper's publisher and the company's chairman, is the fifth generation of the family to head the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1993 In Law
File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict; The White House (Moscow), Russian White House is shelled during the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis; Czechoslovakia is peacefully Dissolution of Czechoslovakia, dissolved into the Czech Republic and Slovakia; In the United States, the ATF Waco siege, besieges a compound belonging to David Koresh and the Branch Davidians in a search for illegal weapons, which ends in the building being set alight and killing most inside; Eritrea gains independence; A major 1993 Storm of the Century, snow storm passes over the United States and Canada, leading to over 300 fatalities; Drug lord and narcoterrorism, narcoterrorist Pablo Escobar is killed by Military Forces of Colombia, Colombian special forces; Ramzi Yousef and other Islamic terrorism, Islamic terrorists 1993 World Trade Center bombing, detonate a truck bomb in the subterranean garage of List of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 In The United States
Events from the year 1990 in the United States. Incumbents Federal government * President: George H. W. Bush ( R-Texas) * Vice President: Dan Quayle ( R-Indiana) * Chief Justice: William Rehnquist (Wisconsin) * Speaker of the House of Representatives: Tom Foley ( D-Washington) * Senate Majority Leader: George J. Mitchell ( D-Maine) * Congress: 101st Events January * January 2 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 2,800 for the first time ever. * January 3 – United States invasion of Panama: General Manuel Noriega, the deposed "strongman of Panama", surrenders to American forces. * January 5 – The National Gallery of Art purchases '' The Fall of Phaeton'' by Peter Paul Rubens. * January 9–20 – The Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' flies STS-32. * January 10 – Time Warner is formed from the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications Inc. * January 13 – Douglas Wilder becomes the first elected African American governor as he takes office in Richmond, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Performance Artists
American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, people who self-identify their ancestry as "American" ** American English, the set of varieties of the English language native to the United States ** Native Americans in the United States, indigenous peoples of the United States * American, something of, from, or related to the Americas, also known as "America" ** Indigenous peoples of the Americas * American (word), for analysis and history of the meanings in various contexts Organizations * American Airlines, U.S.-based airline headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas * American Athletic Conference, an American college athletic conference * American Recordings (record label), a record label previously known as Def American * American University, in Washington, D.C. Sports teams Soccer * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesse Helms
Jesse Alexander Helms Jr. (October 18, 1921 – July 4, 2008) was an American politician. A leader in the conservative movement, he served as a senator from North Carolina from 1973 to 2003. As chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee from 1995 to 2001, he had a major voice in foreign policy. Helms helped organize and fund the conservative resurgence in the 1970s, focusing on Ronald Reagan's quest for the White House as well as helping many local and regional candidates. On domestic social issues, Helms opposed civil rights, disability rights, environmentalism, feminism, gay rights, affirmative action, access to abortions, the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA), and the National Endowment for the Arts. Helms brought an "aggressiveness" to his conservatism, as in his rhetoric against homosexuality. '' The Almanac of American Politics'' once wrote that "no American politician is more controversial, beloved in some quarters and hated in others, than Jesse Hel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonse D'Amato
Alfonse Marcello D'Amato (born August 1, 1937) is an American politician born in Brooklyn, Kings County, New York. He served as United States Senator for New York between 1981 and 1999. He subsequently founded a lobbying firm, Park Strategies. , D'Amato is the last Republican to have represented New York in the U.S. Senate. Early life and family D'Amato, of Italian ancestry, was born in Brooklyn and raised on Long Island, in the small village of Island Park. He is the son of Antoinette (Ciofarri) and Armand D'Amato, an insurance broker. He is a graduate of Chaminade High School, Syracuse University, and Syracuse University College of Law. At Syracuse University, he was a brother at Alpha Chi Rho fraternity. D'Amato and his second wife Katuria have one son, Alfonso Marcello D'Amato, born in 2008, and a daughter, Luciana Cioffari D'Amato, born in 2009. D'Amato has four adult children from his first marriage. Katuria D'Amato filed for divorce on 3 October 2017. Early politic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Mapplethorpe
Robert Michael Mapplethorpe (; November 4, 1946 – March 9, 1989) was an American photographer, best known for his black-and-white photographs. His work featured an array of subjects, including celebrity portraits, male and female nudes, self-portraits, and still-life images. His most controversial works documented and examined the gay male BDSM subculture of New York City in the late 1960s and early 1970s. A 1989 exhibition of Mapplethorpe's work, titled ''Robert Mapplethorpe: The Perfect Moment'', sparked a debate in the United States concerning both use of public funds for "obscene" artwork and the Constitutional limits of free speech in the United States. Biography Mapplethorpe was born in the Floral Park neighborhood of Queens, New York, the son of Joan Dorothy (Maxey) and Harry Irving Mapplethorpe, an electrical engineer. He was of English, Irish, and German descent, and grew up as a Catholic in Our Lady of the Snows Parish. Mapplethorpe attended Martin Van Buren High ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piss Christ
''Immersion (Piss Christ)'' is a 1987 photograph by the American artist and photographer Andres Serrano. It depicts a small plastic crucifix submerged in a small glass tank of the artist's urine. The piece was a winner of the Southeastern Center for Contemporary Art's "Awards in the Visual Arts" competition, which was sponsored in part by the National Endowment for the Arts, a United States Government agency that offers support and funding for artistic projects. The work generated much controversy based on assertions that it was blasphemous. Serrano said of the controversy: "I had no idea ''Piss Christ'' would get the attention it did, since I meant neither blasphemy nor offense by it. I've been a Catholic all my life, so I am a follower of Christ." Description The photograph is of a small plastic crucifix submerged in what appears to be an orange liquid. The artist described the substance as his own urine in a glass. The photograph was one of a series of photographs that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andres Serrano
Andres Serrano (born August 15, 1950) is an American photographer and artist. His work, often considered transgressive art, includes photos of corpses and uses feces and bodily fluids. His ''Piss Christ'' (1987) is a red-tinged photograph of a crucifix submerged in a glass container of what was purported to be the artist's own urine. He also created the artwork for the heavy metal band Metallica's ''Load'' and ''Reload'' albums. Early life Serrano was born in New York City on August 15, 1950. He is from a half Honduran, half Afro-Cuban background, and was raised a strict Roman Catholic. He studied from 1967 to 1969 at the Brooklyn Museum Art School, yet is considered to be a self-taught photographer. In December 1980, he married artist Julie Ault. In a 2012 interview, Serrano references Ault as his "first wife" and Irina Movmyga as his current wife. Serrano has said that he is a Christian. Career He worked as an assistant art director at an advertising firm, before creati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Hodsoll
Francis Samuel Monaise "Frank" Hodsoll (May 1, 1938 – July 24, 2016) was an American historian. He was the fourth chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts. He was appointed by President Ronald Reagan and served from 1981Hall, Carla"Hodsoll's Surprise" ''Milwaukee Journal'', December 14, 1981, p. 14. Retrieved on May 27, 2013. to 1989. Hodsoll was principal of Hodsoll & Associates, consultants on Federal policy and management, and a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration. He advised the Brademas Center for the Study of Congress on international cultural engagement. He also served on the 2011 UNESCO World Press Freedom Day steering committee, and is currently engaged with the planning of the 40th anniversary of the World Heritage Program in 2012. Hodsoll recently cochaired the International Cultural Engagement Task Force of the November 2010 U.S. Summit for Global Citizen Diplomacy (principal author of the Task Force’s report and video of selected best ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States House Of Representatives
The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they comprise the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The House's composition was established by Article One of the United States Constitution. The House is composed of representatives who, pursuant to the Uniform Congressional District Act, sit in single member congressional districts allocated to each state on a basis of population as measured by the United States Census, with each district having one representative, provided that each state is entitled to at least one. Since its inception in 1789, all representatives have been directly elected, although universal suffrage did not come to effect until after the passage of the 19th Amendment and the Civil Rights Movement. Since 1913, the number of voting representat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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