|
Mahishmati
Mahishmati (IAST: Māhiṣmatī) was an ancient city in present-day central India. It was located in present-day Madhya Pradesh, on the banks of Narmada River, although its exact location is uncertain. It is mentioned in several ancient texts, and is said to have been ruled by the legendary Haihaya ruler Kartavirya Arjuna. Mahishmati was the most important city in the southern part of the Avanti kingdom, and later served as the capital of the Anupa Kingdom. The city may have flourished as late as until 13th century, as indicated by a Paramara inscription. Identification The following things are known about Mahishmati's location: * It was located on the banks of the Narmada river. * It was located to the south of Ujjayini, and north of Pratishthana, on the route connecting the two cities (according to '' Sutta Nipata''). Patanjali mentions that a traveler starting out from Ujjayini saw the sunrise at Mahishmati. * It was located in the Avanti kingdom, and at times wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haihaya
The Heheya Kingdom (also known as Haihaya, Haiheya, Heiheya _sa.html" ;"title="nowiki/> sa">हैहय was a kingdom ruled by the Yadava people, who claimed to be descended from Yadu, a legendary king of Chandravamsha lineage. One of the most well known Haihaya rulers was Kartavirya Arjuna. It is believed that the Kingdom was involved with a number of conflicts with neighboring kingdoms, and it is believed that it was ultimately defeated by the Bhargava leader Parashurama. The capital of the Heheya Kingdom was Mahishmati, located on the banks of the Narmada River in present-day Madhya Pradesh. Haihaya clans The Haihayas were an ancient confederacy of five ''gana''s (clans), who claimed their common ancestry from Yadu. According to the ''Harivamsha Purana'' (34.1898), Haihaya was the great-grandson of Yadu and grandson of Sahasrajit.Pargiter, F.E. (1972) 922 ''Ancient Indian Historical Tradition'', Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, p.87. In the ''Vishnu Purana'' (IV.11), al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maheshwar
Maheshwar is a town, near Khargone city in Khargone district of Madhya Pradesh state, in central India. It is located on State Highway-38 ( Khargone city-Barwaha- Bandheri Highway),13.5 km east of National Highway 3 (Agra-Mumbai highway) and 91 km from Indore, the commercial capital of the state. The Town lies on the north bank of the Narmada River. It was the kingdom of Chaktavartin Samrat Sahastraarjun, Kartavirya Arjuna a Heheya king. Lately, after many years, it was the capital of the Malwa during the Maratha Holkar reign till 6 January 1818, when the capital was shifted to Indore by Malhar Rao Holkar III. Etymology The word Maheshwar in Hindi means ''Great God, ''an epithet of Lord Shiva. History Writers such as HD Sankalia, PN Bose and Francis Wilford, among others, identify Maheshwar as the ancient town of Mahishmati. Also known as Minnagara to Greeko-Romans. Maheshwar is believed to be built on the site of the ancient city of Somvanshya Shastr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avanti (India)
Avanti ( sa, अवन्ति) was an ancient Indian Mahajanapada (''Great Realm''), roughly corresponding to the present-day Malwa region. According to the Buddhist texts, the ''Anguttara Nikaya'', Avanti was one of the ''solasa mahajanapadas'' (sixteen great realms) of the 6th century BCE. The ''janapada'' was divided into two parts by the Vindhyas, the northern part had its capital at Ujjayini and the southern part had its centre at Mahishmati. The Avantis, the ancient people belonging to this realm, were described as ''mahavala'' (very powerful) in the Udyoga Parva (19.24) of the Mahabharata.Law, B.C. (1973). ''Tribes in Ancient India'', Bhandarkar Oriental Series No.4, Poona: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, pp.337-43 According to the Vishnu Purana (II.3), the Bhagavata Purana (XII.I.36) and the Brahma Purana (XIX.17), the Avantis were associated with the Malava, the Saurashtras, the Abhiras/Yadavas, the Suras, the Karushas and the Arbudas and were described as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kartavirya Arjuna
Kartavirya Arjuna ( sa, कार्तवीर्य अर्जुन, ; also known as Sahasrabahu Arjuna or Sahasrarjuna) was a king of an ancient Haihayas kingdom with capital at Mahishmati which is on the banks of Narmada River in the current state of Madhya Pradesh. Kartavirya was son of Kritavirya, king of the Haihayas. According to the Puranas, Haihaya was the grandson of Sahasrajit, son of Yadu. This is his patronymic, by which he is best known; he is also referred to simply as Arjuna. He is described as having a thousand hands and a great devotee of god Dattatreya. One of the several such accounts states that Arjuna conquered Mahishmati city from Karkotaka Naga, a Naga chief and made it his fortress-capital.Pargiter, F.E. (1972) 922 ''Ancient Indian Historical Tradition'', Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, p.265-7 Almost 100 manuscripts on the worship of Kārtavīrya have been found mostly in the royal libraries of the Hindu Rajas. The states in which the manuscripts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandla
Mandla is a city with municipality in Mandla district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Mandla District. The city is situated in a loop of the Narmada River, which surrounds it on three sides, and for 15 miles between Mandla and Ramnagar, Madhya Pradesh the river flows in a deep bed unbroken by rocks. The Narmada is worshiped here, and many ghats have been constructed on the banks of the river. It was a capital of the Gondwana Kingdom who built a palace and a fort, which in the absence of proper care have gone to ruins. History Writers such as Alexander Cunningham, John Faithfull Fleet, Moti Raven Kangali, Girija Shankar Agrawal and Brajesh Mishra identify Mandla as the location of ancient Mahishmati. Gondwana queen, Rani Durgavati shah ruled Mandla province and fought against Akbar in her valiant effort to save her kingdom; which is still subject to folklore. Rani Avantibai of Ramgarh later fought with the British to save h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia
Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia (10 December 1908 – 28 January 1989) was an Indian Sanskrit scholar and archaeologist specialising in proto- and ancient Indian history. He is considered to have pioneered archaeological excavation techniques in India, with several significant discoveries from the prehistoric period to his credit. Sankalia received the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak award in 1966. And also received Padma Bhushan in the year 1974. Early life and education Sankalia was born in Mumbai into a family of lawyers hailing from Gujarat. A frail infant, he was not expected to survive. At fifteen, Sankalia read the Gujarati translation of Lokmanya Tilak's '' The Arctic Home in the Vedas''. Although he understood little of the book (p. 6), he was determined to "do something to know about the Aryans in India" (ibid.). To this end, Sankalia decided to emulate Tilak and study Sanskrit and mathematics. He received a B.A. degree in Sanskrit, and received the Chimanlal Ranglal Priz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IAST
The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (IAST) is a transliteration scheme that allows the lossless romanisation of Indic scripts as employed by Sanskrit and related Indic languages. It is based on a scheme that emerged during the nineteenth century from suggestions by Charles Trevelyan, William Jones, Monier Monier-Williams and other scholars, and formalised by the Transliteration Committee of the Geneva Oriental Congress, in September 1894. IAST makes it possible for the reader to read the Indic text unambiguously, exactly as if it were in the original Indic script. It is this faithfulness to the original scripts that accounts for its continuing popularity amongst scholars. Usage Scholars commonly use IAST in publications that cite textual material in Sanskrit, Pāḷi and other classical Indian languages. IAST is also used for major e-text repositories such as SARIT, Muktabodha, GRETIL, and sanskritdocuments.org. The IAST scheme represents more than ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pramatha Nath Bose
Pramatha Nath Bose (12 May 1855 – 1934) was a pioneering Indian geologist and paleontologist. Bose was educated at Krishnagar Government College and later at St. Xavier's College of the University of Calcutta when he obtained a Gilchrist scholarship to study in London in 1874. He graduated in 1877 and went on to study at the Royal School of Mines in London and excelled in biology and paleontology. During his study at Cambridge he became a friend of Rabindranath Tagore. He was one of the early Indians to join the Geological Survey of India as a graded officer. His initial work was on the Siwalik fossils. He is credited with the setting up of the first soap factory in India and was instrumental in the setting up of Jamshedpur by writing to J. N. Tata about the rich iron ore reserves. Biography Born on 12 May 1855 in a remote village of Gaipur, near Gobardanga, in 24 Parganas district, West Bengal, geologist PN Bose graduated in science from London University and passed out f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devapala (Paramara Dynasty)
Devapala (reigned c. 1218–1239 CE) was an Indian king from the Paramara dynasty, who ruled in the Malwa region of central India. Early life Devapala succeeded the Paramara king Arjunavarman, but he was not the king's son. He was the son of a ''Mahakumara'' (chief of a Paramara branch) named Harishchandra. He also became the ''Mahakumara'' after the death of his elder brother Udayavarman. Military career The Paramaras' struggles with the Chaulukyas (Solankis) and the Yadavas of Devagiri continued during Devapala's reign. The Yadava king Simhana invaded Lata, and defeated the Paramara feudatory Samgramasimha. According to the 13th century Muslim historians, the Sultan of Delhi Iltutmish captured Bhilsa during 1233-34 CE ( AH 632), and destroyed the Bhailasvamin Hindu temple. The 1274 CE inscription of Devapala's son Jayavarman II states that Devapala killed a mleccha ''adhipa'' (possibly the Muslim governor of the Delhi Sultanate) near the city of Bhailasvamin. A 1263 CE ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmin
Brahmin (; sa, ब्राह्मण, brāhmaṇa) is a varna as well as a caste within Hindu society. The Brahmins are designated as the priestly class as they serve as priests ( purohit, pandit, or pujari) and religious teachers ( guru or acharya). The other three varnas are the Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudra. The traditional occupation of Brahmins is that of priesthood at the Hindu temples or at socio-religious ceremonies, and rite of passage rituals such as solemnising a wedding with hymns and prayers.James Lochtefeld (2002), Brahmin, The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A–M, Rosen Publishing, , page 125 Traditionally, the Brahmins are accorded the highest ritual status of the four social classes. Their livelihood is prescribed to be one of strict austerity and voluntary poverty ("A Brahmin should acquire what just suffices for the time, what he earns he should spend all that the same day"). In practice, Indian texts suggest that some Brahmins h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Faithfull Fleet
John Faithfull Fleet C.I.E (1847 – 21 February 1917) was an English civil servant with the Indian Civil Service and became known as a historian, epigraphist and linguist. His research in Indian epigraphy and history, conducted in India over a thirty-year period, is published in books including ''Pali, Sanskrit and Old Canarese Inscriptions'', ''The Dynasties of the Kanarese Districts of The Bombay Presidency from the earliest historical times to the Musalman Conquest'', and ''The Inscriptions of The Early Gupta Kings and their Successors''. He was a regular contributor to works journals covering Indian history. His published well-regarded works on inscriptions in the Sanskrit, Pali and Kannada languages and on the history of dynasties such as the Guptas, Kadambas, Aulikaras, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas and Seunas.Barnett, L. D"Obituary Notice: John Faithfull Fleet, C.I.E."'' The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland'', April 1917, pp. 415–18, Roya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis Wilford
Francis Wilford (1761–1822) was an Indologist, Orientalist, fellow member of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, and constant collaborator of its journal – ''Asiatic Researches'' – contributing a number of fanciful, sensational, controversial, and highly unreliable articles on ancient Hindu geography, mythography, and other subjects. He contributed a series of ten articles about Hindu geography and mythology for ''Asiatic Researches'', between 1799 and 1810, claiming that all European myths were of Hindu origin and that India had produced a Christ ( Salivahana) whose life and works closely resembled the Christ of Bible. He also claimed to have discovered a Sanskrit version of Noah ( Satyavrata) and attempted to confirm the historicity of revelation and of the ethnology of Genesis from external sources, particularly Hindu or other pagan religions. In his essay ''Mount Caucasus – 1801'', he argued for a Himalayan location of Mt. Ararat, claiming that ''Ararat'' was etymological ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Avanti (India)")
_Bhumi_Puja%2C_yajna.jpg "Click for more on -> Brahmin")