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Municipal Administration In French India
Though the French established colonies in India in the 17th century itself, it was not until the end of the 19th century they started civil administration in French India. French Metropolitan Decree A French Metropolitan Decree, dated 12 March 1880 adopted a six-year term of office for Mayors (''Maire''), municipal councillors (''Conseil Municipaux'') and commune panchayats (''Communes''). Thus French India has seen a French system of municipal administration. In the past, municipal administration was virtually the pivot of the whole administrative machinery in French India. It had several features that could serve as a role model for hassle-free administration in French India. History of Communes from 1880 The whole system was devised on the same pattern as prevailed in France and other French colonies. The Territory was originally divided into ten ''communes'' in 1880, namely: * Pondichéry ** Pondichéry (Chef-lieu de commune) **Oulgaret **Villenour **Bahour *Karikal **Kari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French India
French India, formally the (), was a French colony comprising five geographically separated enclaves on the Indian subcontinent that had initially been factories of the French East India Company. They were ''de facto'' incorporated into the Republic of India in 1950 and 1954. The enclaves were , Karikal, Yanaon on the Coromandel Coast, Mahé on the Malabar Coast and Chandernagor in Bengal. The French also possessed several ('lodges', tiny subsidiary trading stations) inside other towns, but after 1816, the British denied all French claims to these, which were not reoccupied. By 1950, the total area measured , of which belonged to the territory of . In 1936, the population of the colony totalled 298,851 inhabitants, of which 63% (187,870) lived in the territory of Pondichéry. Background France was the last of the major European maritime powers of the 17th century to enter the East India trade. Six decades after the foundation of the English and Dutch East ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Committee
A committee or commission is a body of one or more persons subordinate to a deliberative assembly or other form of organization. A committee may not itself be considered to be a form of assembly or a decision-making body. Usually, an assembly or organization sends matters to a committee as a way to explore them more fully than would be possible if the whole assembly or organization were considering them. Committees may have different functions and their types of work differ depending on the type of organization and its needs. A member of a legislature may be delegated a committee assignment, which gives them the right to serve on a certain committee. Purpose A deliberative assembly or other organization may form a committee (or "commission") consisting of one or more persons to assist with the work of the assembly. For larger organizations, much work is done in committees. They can be a way to formally draw together people of relevant expertise from different parts of an organi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samatam Kistaya
Monsieur Samatam Krishnayya (Samatam Kistaya) ( Yanam c. 1875 – 13 June 1954) was a poet, historian and ayurvedic doctor. He wrote many books in Telugu. He was a loyal pro-French politician. Life During 1954, Monsieur Maddimsetti fled from Yanam to join pro-merger group, which brought anger in its people that led to pillage of his home. Then a 78-year-old, Monsieur Samatam Krouschnaya became the Mayor of Yanam (interim) who was the lone pro-French leader to fight against pro-merger leaders. Death He died during the Coup d'État de Yanaon on Sunday, 13 June 1954 at the age of 78 years. It was declared that he was killed by Indian Military while seizing Yanam. But it is still a mystery about the actual causes and real persons behind his death. Major view about his death On the day of the coup, he fought a lone battle to maintain French sovereignty in Yanam against all the pro-merger groups. When he was trying to jump from a wall (at Pydikondala house) and take shelter, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bezawada Bapa Naidou
Bezawada Bapanayya Naidu Jr was the Mayor of Yanam from 1925 to 1930.Frenchi Palanalo Yanam (2013), by Bolloju Baba. Titles held *Membre du Conseil Municipal de Yanaon *Membre du Conseil Local de Yanaon *Maire de Yanaon See also * Yanam Municipality * Colonial History of Yanam * Municipal Administration in French India References {{DEFAULTSORT:Naidou, Bezawada Bapa French India French Hindus French murder victims French people of Telugu descent Indian murder victims People murdered in Andhra Pradesh Year of birth missing Year of death missing Mayors of Yanam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Jure
In law and government, ''de jure'' (; ; ) describes practices that are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. The phrase is often used in contrast with '' de facto'' ('from fact'), which describes situations that exist in reality, even if not formally recognized. Definition ''De jure'' is a Latin expression composed of the words ''de'',("from, of") and ''jure'',("law", adjectival form of '' jus''). Thus, it is descriptive of a structural argument or position derived "from law". Usage Jurisprudence and ''de jure'' law In U.S. law, particularly after '' Brown v. Board of Education'' (1954), the difference between ''de facto'' segregation (that existed because of voluntary associations and neighborhoods) and ''de jure'' segregation (that existed because of local laws) became important distinctions for court-mandated remedial purposes. Government and culture Between 1805 and 1914, the ruling dynasty of Egypt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1946 French India Municipal Election
Elections to municipal councils in the 22 municipalities of French India were held by universal direct suffrage on June 23, 1946. The National Democratic Front captured power in all 22 municipalities, winning 101 out of 122 municipal seats up for election.Neogy, Ajit K. Decolonization of French India: Liberation Movement and Indo-French Relations, 1947-1954'. Pondichéry: Institut français de Pondichéry, 1997. p. 24Manickam, M. and J. B. Prashant More. Freedom movement in French India: the Mahe revolt of 1948'. Tellicherry: Inst. for Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, MESHAR, 2001. p. 93 Kamal Ghosh, a National Democratic Front leader, became mayor of Chandernagore Chandannagar (), also known by its former names Chandannagore and Chandernagor (), is a city in the Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is headquarter of the Chandannagore subdivision and is a part of the area covered by ....Antony, Francis Cyril. Union Territory of Pondicherry'. on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Municipal Council
A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, borough council, rural council, village council, board of aldermen, or board of selectmen. Australia Because of the differences in legislation between the states, the exact definition of a city council varies. However, it is generally only those local government areas which have been specifically granted city status (usually on a basis of population) that are entitled to refer to themselves as cities. The official title is "Corporation of the City of ______" or similar. Some of the urban areas of Australia are governed mostly by a single entity (e.g. Brisbane and other Queensland cities), while others may be controlled by a multitude of much smaller city councils. Also, some significant urban areas can be under the jurisdiction of otherwise r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayor
In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well as the means by which a mayor is elected or otherwise mandated. Depending on the system chosen, a mayor may be the chief executive officer of the municipal government, may simply chair a multi-member governing body with little or no independent power, or may play a solely ceremonial role. A mayor's duties and responsibilities may be to appoint and oversee municipal managers and employees, provide basic governmental services to constituents, and execute the laws and ordinances passed by a municipal governing body (or mandated by a state, territorial or national governing body). Options for selection of a mayor include direct election by the public, or selection by an elected governing council or board. The term ''mayor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yanaon Municipalité
Yanam Municipality (Telugu:) was created by a French Metropolitan Decree dated 12 March 1880. Yanaon municipality had 12 seats.Monitor Officiel des établissements français dans l'Inde, 1880. Citizens from each ward elect one representative for Yanam Municipal Council. The term of office is six years. General information The Yanam Municipality is acting according to the Pondicherry Municipalities Act of 1973 which was introduced by the Government and in effect since 26-01-1974. The Municipality is functioning under the purview of the Municipal Council. In the absence of an elected local body, the Special Officer (Regional Administrator), appointed by the Government, is exercising all the powers and functions of the Municipal Council. The Commissioner, who has also been appointed by the Government, is the Chief Executive of the Municipality and also acts as the Registrar of Births and Deaths of the Municipality. Overall control and supervision is by the Director, L.A.D., Pondic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahe Municipality
Mahe, Mahé, Mähe, or MAHE may refer to: Places China * Mahe Township (, lit. "Horse Creek Village") in Li County in Gansu Estonia * Mähe, a subdistrict of Tallinn, Estonia India * Mahe, India, a municipality in Mahe district and former French colony ** Mahe district, one of the four districts of the Union Territory of Puducherry in India ** Mahe Assembly constituency, the assembly constituency representing the above district ** Mahe River, a river in India * Mahe, Ladakh, a town north of Korzok Monastery, between Upshi and Nyoma in Ladakh, India Seychelles * Mahé, Seychelles, the main island in the Republic of Seychelles Education * Manipal Academy of Higher Education, a deemed university located in Manipal, Karnataka, India * Master of Arts in Higher Education, a student affairs-related degree People * Ma He (馬和), birth name of Zheng He (1371–1433 or 1435), Ming dynasty explorer Surname * Abdulkadir Aliyu Mahe (1951–2024), Nigerian politici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
