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Munach
The Munach (Hebrew: , also spelled ''Munah'' or ''Munakh''), translating to English as ''"to rest,"'' is a common cantillation sound. In Sephardi and Oriental traditions it is often called Shofar holekh. It is marked with a right angle below the corresponding word. The munach is found in various groups, including the Katon, Etnachta, and Segol groups. One or more munachs can be followed by many different trope sounds, including Zakef katon, Etnachta, Rivia, Zarka, Segol, and Pazer. It is normally used when the number of syllables in a phrase are so long that an extra note is required to accommodate all the syllables. The munach is normally a short note. But when it is the first of two munachs followed by a Rivia, it has a longer melody. In this case it may also be called ''legarmeh'' (מֻנַּח לְגַרְמֵ֣הּ׀). Appearances The munach has the following appearances in the following sequences: *Katan group: Mahpach- Pashta-Munach- Zakef katan *Etnachta group: Merc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hebrew Cantillation
Hebrew cantillation is the manner of chanting ritual readings from the Hebrew Bible in synagogue services. The chants are written and notated in accordance with the special signs or marks printed in the Masoretic Text of the Bible, to complement the letters and vowel points. These marks are known in English as 'accents' (diacritics), 'notes' or trope symbols, and in Hebrew as () or just (). Some of these signs were also sometimes used in medieval manuscripts of the Mishnah. The musical motifs associated with the signs are known in Hebrew as or (not to be confused with Hasidic nigun) and in Yiddish as (): the word ''trope'' is sometimes used in Jewish English with the same meaning. There are multiple traditions of cantillation. Within each tradition, there are multiple tropes, typically for different books of the Bible and often for different occasions. For example, different chants may be used for Torah readings on Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur than for the same te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munach
The Munach (Hebrew: , also spelled ''Munah'' or ''Munakh''), translating to English as ''"to rest,"'' is a common cantillation sound. In Sephardi and Oriental traditions it is often called Shofar holekh. It is marked with a right angle below the corresponding word. The munach is found in various groups, including the Katon, Etnachta, and Segol groups. One or more munachs can be followed by many different trope sounds, including Zakef katon, Etnachta, Rivia, Zarka, Segol, and Pazer. It is normally used when the number of syllables in a phrase are so long that an extra note is required to accommodate all the syllables. The munach is normally a short note. But when it is the first of two munachs followed by a Rivia, it has a longer melody. In this case it may also be called ''legarmeh'' (מֻנַּח לְגַרְמֵ֣הּ׀). Appearances The munach has the following appearances in the following sequences: *Katan group: Mahpach- Pashta-Munach- Zakef katan *Etnachta group: Merc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etnachta
Etnachta (Hebrew: , with variant English spellings) is one of the most common cantillation marks in the Torah and Haftarah. It is the anchor for the Etnachta group, which in full consists of four different trope sounds, not all of which are always present. These are Mercha, Tipcha, Munach, and its namesake Etnachta. The Etnachta group marks the end of the first segment of a verse. Therefore, it never occurs more than once in a single verse. An example is in the first verse of the Book of Genesis The Book of Genesis (from Greek ; Hebrew: בְּרֵאשִׁית ''Bəreʾšīt'', "In hebeginning") is the first book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. Its Hebrew name is the same as its first word, ( "In the beginning") ..., the statement that God created is marked with an Etnachta, showing the completion of God’s creation. The Hebrew word אֶתְנַחְתָּא translates into English as ''pause''. This name is given because of its central location withi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zakef Katan
Zakef Katan ( he, זָקֵף קָטָ֔ן literally 'upright small'; various romanizations), often referred to simply as ''katan'', is a cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. The note is the anchor and final one of the Katon group, which also can include the Mapach, Pashta, Munach, or Yetiv. It is one of the most common cantillation marks. There is no limit to the number of times the Katan group can appear in a verse, and often, multiple Katan groups appear in succession. The most times in succession the group occurs is four. The symbol for the Zakef katan is a colon (:). It is placed on the syllable of the word that is accented. Zakef katan occurs in the Torah 6992 times. Zakef katan is one of two versions of the ''Zakef'' trope, the other being Zakef gadol Zakef may refer to: * Zakef katon, a trope sound from the Katon group * Zakef gadol, a common independent trope {{disambiguation ....Chanting the Hebrew Bible By Josh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rivia
The Rivia (, []) is a Hebrew cantillation, cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other biblical texts. The Aram word ) has its Hebrew counter part Rivi'i, with other variant English spellings. Its meaning is 'the fourth'. Rivia is considered to have medium strength. It is stronger than a Pashta or Tevir, but weaker than a Zakef or Tipcha. The Rivia can occur either by itself, or following one or two Munach The Munach (Hebrew: , also spelled ''Munah'' or ''Munakh''), translating to English as ''"to rest,"'' is a common cantillation sound. In Sephardi and Oriental traditions it is often called Shofar holekh. It is marked with a right angle below the c ...s. When there are two Munachs prior to a Rivia, the first Munach has a long melody, and the second one is short. When there is one Munach, it is short. Based on its translation with ''fourth'' in printouts it is represented by a diamond-shaped mark. However in manuscripts it's just a dot.The Art of Cant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zarka (trope)
Zarka or zarqa ( he, זַרְקָא֮, with variant English spellings) is a cantillation mark found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. It is usually found together with the Segol, with a Munach preceding either or both. The symbol for a Zarka is a 90 degrees rotated, inverted S. The Hebrew word translates as "throwing" and the melody is ascending in Moroccan and Sefardic tradition (with two or one retracements respectively) and descending in the Ashkenazic. Zarka is part of the Segol group. In this group, Zarka is the connector and Segol is the separator.Art of Torah Cantillation: A Step-by-step Guide to Chanting Torah By Marshall Portnoy, Josée Wolff, page 59 Zarka, Tsinnor and Tsinnorit Zarka is also sometimes called tsinnor. Properly speaking, tsinnor is the name it receives when appears on the three ''poetic'' books (Job, Proverbs and Psalms, or the books, from their initials in Hebrew), and zarqa the name it gets on the remaining 21 books of the He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Segol (trope)
Segol ( he, 1= also known as Segolta, with variant English spellings), is a cantillation mark found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. The Segol occurs together with a preceding Zarka, sometimes with a Munach preceding one or both. The Segol group is considered to be a disjunctive. It occurs in place of the Katan group or a Zakef gadol. It is the strongest disjunctive group ahead of the Etnachta Etnachta (Hebrew: , with variant English spellings) is one of the most common cantillation marks in the Torah and Haftarah. It is the anchor for the Etnachta group, which in full consists of four different trope sounds, not all of which are always ... group.Chanting the Hebrew Bible By Joshua R. Jacobson, page 102 The Hebrew word סְגוֹל֒ translates into English as ''bunch'', referring to a bunch of grapes. This is reflected in its appearance as a three-dot symbol. Total occurrences Melody References {{Torah reading Cantillation marks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pashta
Pashta (Hebrew: ) is a common cantillation mark found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. It is part of the Katan group. Its mark symbol is identical to that of the Kadma. While Kadma and Pashta use the same symbol, Pashta is distinct from Kadma in the placement of the symbol. Kadma is always placed on the accented syllable, while Pashta is placed on the last letter as well as on the accented syllable, if it's not the last.Joshua R. Jacobson, ''Chanting the Hebrew Bible'', page 221 The Hebrew word translates into English as ''stretching out''. Occurrences In the Katan group, the Pashta can be found either following a Mahpach, or with the Mahpach absent. Following the Pashta will either be a Munach-Zakef katan Zakef Katan ( he, זָקֵף קָטָ֔ן literally 'upright small'; various romanizations), often referred to simply as ''katan'', is a cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. The note is th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Book Of Numbers
The book of Numbers (from Greek Ἀριθμοί, ''Arithmoi''; he, בְּמִדְבַּר, ''Bəmīḏbar'', "In the desert f) is the fourth book of the Hebrew Bible, and the fourth of five books of the Jewish Torah. The book has a long and complex history; its final form is possibly due to a Priestly redaction (i.e., editing) of a Yahwistic source made some time in the early Persian period (5th century BC). The name of the book comes from the two censuses taken of the Israelites. Numbers begins at Mount Sinai, where the Israelites have received their laws and covenant from God and God has taken up residence among them in the sanctuary. The task before them is to take possession of the Promised Land. The people are counted and preparations are made for resuming their march. The Israelites begin the journey, but they "grumble" at the hardships along the way, and about the authority of Moses and Aaron. For these acts, God destroys approximately 15,000 of them through vario ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
