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Multiple Dispatch
Multiple dispatch or multimethods is a feature of some programming languages in which a Subroutine, function or Method (computer programming), method can be dynamic dispatch, dynamically dispatched based on the run time (program lifecycle phase), run-time (dynamic) type or, in the more general case, some other attribute of more than one of its Parameter (computer programming), arguments. This is a generalization of single-dispatch polymorphism in object-oriented programming, polymorphism where a function or method call is dynamically dispatched based on the derived type of the object on which the method has been called. Multiple dispatch routes the dynamic dispatch to the implementing function or method using the combined characteristics of one or more arguments. Understanding dispatch Developers of computer software typically organize source code into named blocks variously called subroutines, procedures, subprograms, functions, or methods. The code in the function is executed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Programming Language
A programming language is a system of notation for writing computer programs. Programming languages are described in terms of their Syntax (programming languages), syntax (form) and semantics (computer science), semantics (meaning), usually defined by a formal language. Languages usually provide features such as a type system, Variable (computer science), variables, and mechanisms for Exception handling (programming), error handling. An Programming language implementation, implementation of a programming language is required in order to Execution (computing), execute programs, namely an Interpreter (computing), interpreter or a compiler. An interpreter directly executes the source code, while a compiler produces an executable program. Computer architecture has strongly influenced the design of programming languages, with the most common type (imperative languages—which implement operations in a specified order) developed to perform well on the popular von Neumann architecture. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Binding
In computing, late binding or dynamic linkage—though not an identical process to dynamically linking imported code libraries—is a computer programming mechanism in which the method being called upon an object, or the function being called with arguments, is looked up by name at runtime. In other words, a name is associated with a particular operation or object at runtime, rather than during compilation. The name dynamic binding is sometimes used, but is more commonly used to refer to dynamic scope. With early binding, or static binding, in an object-oriented language, the compilation phase fixes all types of variables and expressions. This is usually stored in the compiled program as an offset in a virtual method table ("v-table"). In contrast, with late binding, the compiler does not read enough information to verify the method exists or bind its slot on the v-table. Instead, the method is looked up by name at runtime. The primary advantage of using late binding in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steel Bank Common Lisp
Steel Bank Common Lisp (SBCL) is a free and open-source Common Lisp implementation that features a high-performance native compiler, Unicode support and threading. It is open source software, with a permissive license. In addition to the compiler and runtime system for ANSI Common Lisp, it provides an interactive environment including a debugger, a statistical profiler, a code coverage tool, and many other extensions. The name "Steel Bank Common Lisp" is a reference to Carnegie Mellon University Common Lisp from which SBCL forked: Andrew Carnegie made his fortune in the steel industry and Andrew Mellon was a successful banker. History SBCL descends from CMUCL (created at Carnegie Mellon University), which is itself descended from Spice Lisp, including early implementations for the Mach operating system on the IBM RT PC, and the Three Rivers Computing Corporation PERQ computer, in the 1980s. William Newman originally announced SBCL as a variant of CMUCL in December 1999. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
McCLIM
McCLIM is an implementation of the Common Lisp Interface Manager (CLIM), for the programming language Common Lisp. The project is named partly after Mike McDonald, the person who began it. It is free and open-source software released under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) version 2.1. The CLIM 2.0 Specification is available as multiple HTML pages. The specification's source code, in the TeX digital typography Typography is the art and technique of Typesetting, arranging type to make written language legibility, legible, readability, readable and beauty, appealing when displayed. The arrangement of type involves selecting typefaces, Point (typogra ... system, is in McCLIM tarballs. References External links * Climacs project Common Lisp Common Lisp (programming language) software {{Compu-prog-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CMU Common Lisp
CMUCL is a free Common Lisp implementation, originally developed at Carnegie Mellon University. CMUCL runs on most Unix-like platforms, including Linux and BSD; there is an experimental Windows port as well. Steel Bank Common Lisp is derived from CMUCL. The Scieneer Common Lisp was a commercial derivative from CMUCL. History The earliest implementation predates Common Lisp and was part of Spice Lisp, around 1980. In 1985 Rob MacLachlan started re-writing the compiler to what would become the Python compiler and CMUCL was ported to Unix workstations such as the IBM PC RT, MIPS and SPARC. Early CMUCL releases did not support Intel's x86 architecture due to a lack of registers. CMUCL strictly separated type-tagged and immediate data types and the garbage collector would rely on knowing that one half of the CPU registers could only hold tagged types and the other half only untagged types. This did not leave enough registers for a Python backend. After CMU canceled the project (in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Lisp
Common Lisp (CL) is a dialect of the Lisp programming language, published in American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard document ''ANSI INCITS 226-1994 (S2018)'' (formerly ''X3.226-1994 (R1999)''). The Common Lisp HyperSpec, a hyperlinked HTML version, has been derived from the ANSI Common Lisp standard. The Common Lisp language was developed as a standardized and improved successor of Maclisp. By the early 1980s several groups were already at work on diverse successors to MacLisp: Lisp Machine Lisp (aka ZetaLisp), Spice Lisp, NIL and S-1 Lisp. Common Lisp sought to unify, standardise, and extend the features of these MacLisp dialects. Common Lisp is not an implementation, but rather a language specification. Several implementations of the Common Lisp standard are available, including free and open-source software and proprietary products. Common Lisp is a general-purpose, multi-paradigm programming language. It supports a combination of procedural, functional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operator (computer Programming)
In computer programming, an operator is a programming language construct that provides functionality that may not be possible to define as a user-defined function (i.e. sizeof in C) or has syntax different than a function (i.e. infix addition as in a+b). Like other programming language concepts, ''operator'' has a generally accepted, although debatable meaning among practitioners while at the same time each language gives it specific meaning in that context, and therefore the meaning varies by language. Some operators are represented with symbols characters typically not allowed for a function identifier to allow for presentation that is more familiar looking than typical function syntax. For example, a function that tests for greater-than could be named gt, but many languages provide an infix symbolic operator so that code looks more familiar. For example, this: if gt(x, y) then return Can be: if x > y then return Some languages allow a language-defined operator t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Library
In computer programming, a standard library is the library (computing), library made available across Programming language implementation, implementations of a programming language. Often, a standard library is specified by its associated programming language specification, however, some are set in part or whole by more informal practices of a language community. Some languages define a core part of the standard library that must be made available in all implementations while allowing other parts to be implemented optionally. As defined with the core language aspects, the line between the core language and its standard library is relatively subtle. A programmer may confuse the two aspects even though the language designers intentionally separate the two. The line between the core language and its standard library is further blurred in some languages by defining core language constructs in terms of its standard library. For example, Java (programming language), Java defines a str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julia (programming Language)
Julia is a high-level programming language, high-level, general-purpose programming language, general-purpose dynamic programming language, dynamic programming language, designed to be fast and productive, for e.g. data science, artificial intelligence, machine learning, modeling and simulation, most commonly used for numerical analysis and computational science. Distinctive aspects of Julia's design include a type system with parametric polymorphism and the use of multiple dispatch as a core programming paradigm, a default just-in-time compilation, just-in-time (JIT) compiler (with support for ahead-of-time compilation) and an tracing garbage collection, efficient (multi-threaded) garbage collection implementation. Notably Julia does not support classes with encapsulated methods and instead it relies on structs with generic methods/functions not tied to them. By default, Julia is run similarly to scripting languages, using its runtime, and allows for read–eval–print loop, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cecil (programming Language)
Cecil is a pure Object-oriented programming, object-oriented programming language that was developed by Craig Chambers at the University of Washington in 1992 to be part of the Vortex project there. Cecil has many similarities to other object-oriented languages, most notably Objective-C, Modula-3, and Self (programming language), Self. The main goals of the project were extensibility, orthogonality, efficiency, and ease-of-use. The language supports multiple dispatch and multimethods, dynamic Inheritance (object-oriented programming), inheritance, and optional static type checking. Unlike most other OOP systems, Cecil allows subtyping and code inheritance to be used separately, allowing run-time or external extension of object classes or instances. Like Objective-C, all object services in Cecil are invoked by message passing, and the language supports run-time class identification. These features allow Cecil to support dynamic, exploratory programming styles. Parameterized types ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dylan (programming Language)
Dylan is a multi-paradigm programming language that includes support for functional and object-oriented programming (OOP), and is dynamic and reflective while providing a programming model designed to support generating efficient machine code, including fine-grained control over dynamic and static behaviors. It was created in the early 1990s by a group led by Apple Computer. Dylan derives from Scheme and Common Lisp and adds an integrated object system derived from the Common Lisp Object System (CLOS). In Dylan, all values (including numbers, characters, functions, and classes) are first-class objects. Dylan supports multiple inheritance, polymorphism, multiple dispatch, keyword arguments, object introspection, pattern-based syntax extension macros, and many other advanced features. Programs can express fine-grained control over dynamism, admitting programs that occupy a continuum between dynamic and static programming and supporting evolutionary development (allowing f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Lisp Object System
The Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) is the facility for object-oriented programming in American National Standards Institute, ANSI Common Lisp. CLOS is a powerful dynamic programming language, dynamic object system which differs radically from the OOP facilities found in more static languages such as C++ or Java (programming language), Java. CLOS was inspired by earlier Lisp object systems such as Flavors (computer science), MIT Flavors and CommonLoops, although it is more general than either. Originally proposed as an add-on, CLOS was adopted as part of the ANSI standard for Common Lisp and has been adapted into other Lisp dialects such as EuLisp or Emacs Lisp. Features The basic building blocks of CLOS are method (computer programming), methods, Class (computer programming), classes, instances of those classes, and generic functions. CLOS provides macros to define those: defclass, defmethod, and defgeneric. Instances are created with the method make-instance. Classes can hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
