|
Mtatsminda (Neighborhood)
The Mtatsminda Pantheon of Writers and Public Figures ( ka, მთაწმინდის მწერალთა და საზოგადო მოღვაწეთა პანთეონი, ''mtats'mindis mts'eralta da sazogado moghvats'eta p'anteoni'') is a necropolis in Tbilisi, Georgia, where some of the most prominent writers, artists, scholars, and national heroes of Georgia are buried. It is located in the churchyard around St David's Church " Mamadaviti" on the slope of Mount Mtatsminda (Geo. მთაწმინდა, meaning the Holy Mountain) and was officially established in 1929. Atop the mountain is Mtatsminda Park, an amusement park owned by the municipality of Tbilisi. The first celebrities to be buried at this place were the Russian writer Alexander Griboyedov (1795–1829) and his Georgian wife Nino Chavchavadze (1812–1857). The Pantheon was officially opened in 1929 to mark the centenary of Griboyedov's death during his time as the Russian a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tbilisi
Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia (country), Georgia, located on the banks of the Kura (Caspian Sea), Kura River. With around 1.2 million inhabitants, it contains almost one third of the country's population. Tbilisi was founded in the fifth century Anno Domini, AD by Vakhtang I of Iberia and has since served as the capital of various Georgian kingdoms and republics. Between 1801 and 1917, then part of the Russian Empire, it was the seat of the Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917), Caucasus Viceroyalty, governing both the North Caucasus, northern and the South Caucasus, southern sides of the Caucasus. Because of its location at the crossroads between Europe and Asia, and its proximity to the lucrative Silk Road, throughout history, Tbilisi has been a point of contention ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of The Soviet Union
The Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was the executive and administrative organ of the highest organ of state power, highest body of state authority, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, All-Union Supreme Soviet. It was formed on 30 December 1922 and abolished on 26 December 1991. The government was headed by a chairman, most commonly referred to as the premier of the Soviet Union, and several Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union, deputy chairmen throughout its existence. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), as "Leading role of the party, The leading and guiding force of Soviet society and the nucleus of its political system" per Article 6 of the 1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union, state constitution, controlled the government by holding a two-thirds majority in the All-Union Supreme Soviet. The government underwent several name changes throughout its history, and was known as the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union, Council ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giorgi Kvinitadze
Giorgi Kvinitadze ( ka, გიორგი კვინიტაძე; , ''Georgy Ivanovich Kvinitadze''; his real surname was House of Chikovani, Chikovani, ჩიქოვანი) (21 August 1874 – 7 August 1970) was a Georgia (country), Georgian military commander who rose from an officer in the Imperial Russian army to Chief of General Staff of Georgian Armed Forces, commander-in-chief of the Democratic Republic of Georgia. After the Red Army invasion of Georgia, Kvinitadze went into exile to France, where he wrote his memoirs of the 1917–1921 events in Georgia. In 2013 he was posthumously awarded the title and Order of Order of National Hero (Georgia), National Hero of Georgia. Biography Born into the family of a colonel of the Russian army in Tiflis or Dagestan, Kvinitadze entered the Tiflis Cadet Corps in 1884, and then continued his military education at St Constantine Infantry School, St Petersburg, which he graduated from in 1894, being commissioned as a poruch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chabua Amirejibi
Mzechabuk "Chabua" Amirejibi, (often written as "Amiredjibi", ka, მზეჭაბუკ "ჭაბუა" ამირეჯიბი; 18 November 1921 – 12 December 2013) was a Georgian novelist and Soviet-era dissident notable for his magnum opus, '' Data Tutashkhia'', and his many years in Soviet prisons. Early life and career He was born in Tbilisi, Georgian SSR, in 1921. His family, once a princely house, was heavily repressed during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge: his father was shot in 1938 and his mother sent to a Gulag camp. During World War II, he was recruited into the Red Army, but was soon sacked due to his family background. Subsequently, he became involved in anti-Soviet activities, becoming a member of the underground political organization Tetri Giorgi. In April 1944, he was arrested on coup plot charges and sentenced to twenty-five years of imprisonment in Siberia. After fifteen years in prison, three prison escapes, and two death sentences, he was ul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mukhran Machavariani
Mukhran Machavariani ( ka, მუხრან მაჭავარიანი; April 12, 1929 – May 17, 2010) was a Georgian poet, a member of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia (Georgian Parliament) from 1990 until 1992, and a recipient of the Shota Rustaveli Prize of Georgia. From 1988 until 1990 he was the Chairman of the Union of Georgian Writers. He died during a performance at Rustaveli Theatre in Tbilisi Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia ( .... Education In 1954 graduation at the Philology Department of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi University. Works * Poems (1955), * The Red Sun and the Green Grass * Silence Without You (1958). ; Translations * Boy, Don't Embarrass Me! * Extraordinary by Its Ordinariness * 100 Poems External links ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vice Mayor
The deputy mayor (also known as vice mayor and assistant mayor) is an elective or appointive office of the second-ranking official that is present in many local governments. Duties and functions Many elected deputy mayors are members of the local government who are given the title and serve as acting mayor in the mayor's absence. Appointive deputy mayors serve at the pleasure of the mayor and may function as chief operating officers. There may be within the same municipal government one or more deputy mayors appointed to oversee policy areas together with a popularly-elected vice mayor who serves as the mayor's successor in the event the office is vacated by death, resignation, disability, or impeachment. In other cities, the deputy mayor presides over the Municipal council, city council, and may not vote except to break ties. Like the deputy mayor in other systems, the popularly elected deputy mayor becomes an Acting Mayor in the original mayor's absence. As previously noted in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patriarch Of Georgia
Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia ( ka, სრულიად საქართველოს კათოლიკოს პატრიარქი) is the Archbishop of Mtskheta and Tbilisi and the head of Georgian Orthodox Church. The official full title is ''His Holiness and Beatitude, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia and the Archbishop of Mtskheta and Tbilisi''. The incumbent Catholicos-Patriarch of the church is Patriarch Ilia II since 1977, who is also the Metropolitan Bishop of Bichvinta and Tskhum-Abkhazia. ''Catholicos-Patriarch'' has been the title of the heads of the Georgian Orthodox Church since 1010, shortly after the unification of the Kingdom of Georgia. The first Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia was Melkisedek I (1010–1033). In the 15th century, with the collapse of the Kingdom, the Georgian Orthodox Church was divided into the East and the West parts and accordingly they were ruled by the ''Catholicos-Patriarch of East Georgia'' and the ''Cath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tbilisi City Hall
Tbilisi City Hall ( ka, თბილისის მერია) is a body that provides executive-regulatory activities of the city of Tbilisi. The government consists of: the mayor, deputy mayors and heads of Tbilisi city services. Tbilisi district governors are officially part of the government. The heads of the control and supervision services within the Tbilisi City Hall system are not part of the Tbilisi City Government. On February 3, 2008, the administration of the City Hall and the city services moved to a new building - Zh. In the former "Labor Palace" located at 7 Shartava Street. Prior to that, the mayor's administration housed the historic building on Freedom Square, while municipal services housed various buildings throughout Tbilisi. History Structure Structure of Tbilisi City Hall: * Mayor; * Vice Mayor; * Deputy Mayors; * City Hall Administration; : '' 'City Services:' '' * Municipal Finance Service; * Municipal Service of Social Services and Culture; * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zviad Gamsakhurdia
Zviad Konstantines dze Gamsakhurdia ( ka, ზვიად კონსტანტინეს ძე გამსახურდია; ; 31 March 1939 – 31 December 1993) was a Georgian politician, human rights activist, dissident, professor of English language studies and American literature at Tbilisi State University, and writer who became the first democratically elected President of Georgia in May 1991. A prominent exponent of Georgian nationalism and pan-Caucasianism, Zviad Gamsakhurdia was involved in Soviet dissident movement from his youth. His activities attracted attention of authorities in the Soviet Union and Gamsakhurdia was arrested and imprisoned numerous times. Gamsakhurdia co-founded the Georgian Helsinki Group, which sought to bring attention to human rights violations in the Soviet Union. He organized numerous pro-independence protests in Georgia, one of which in 1989 was suppressed by the Soviet Army, with Gamsakhurdia being arrested. Eventually, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilia Chavchavadze
Tavadi, Tavadi (Prince) Ilia Chavchavadze ( ka, ილია ჭავჭავაძე; 27 October 1837 – 12 September 1907) was a Georgians, Georgian journalist, publisher, writer and poet who spearheaded the revival of Georgian nationalism during the second half of the 19th century in the period of Georgia within the Russian Empire, Tsarist rule. He has been called Georgia's "most universally revered hero" and the "Father of the Nation." He was a leader of contemporary youth intellectual movement named "Tergdaleulebi" which spread modern and European Classical Liberalism, liberal ideals in Georgia (country), Georgia. Chavchavadze founded two modern newspapers: ''Sakartvelos Moambe'' and ''Iveria (newspaper), Iveria''. He coined the phrase "Ena, Mamuli, Sartsmunoeba" ("Language, Homeland, Faith"), a slogan of Georgian nationalism. During the 1905 Russian Revolution Chavchavadze was elected as a representative of the Georgian nobility to the imperial State Council (Russian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia ( ka, კონსტანტინე გამსახურდია, tr) (May 3, 1893 – July 17, 1975) was a Georgians, Georgian writer and public figure. Educated and first published in Germany, he married Western European influences to purely Georgian thematic to produce his best works, such as ''The Right Hand of the Grand Master'' and ''David the Builder''. Hostile to the Soviet Union, Soviet rule, he was, nevertheless, one of the few leading Georgian writers to have survived the Joseph Stalin, Stalin-era repressions, despite exile to a White Sea island and several arrests. His works are noted for their character portrayals of great psychological insight. Another major feature of Gamsakhurdia's writings is a new subtlety he infused into Georgian diction, imitating an archaic language to create a sense of classicism. Konstantine Gamsakhurdia's son, Zviad Gamsakhurdia, Zviad, became a notable Soviet-era dissident who was subsequently elected th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Totalitarianism
Totalitarianism is a political system and a form of government that prohibits opposition from political parties, disregards and outlaws the political claims of individual and group opposition to the state, and completely controls the public sphere and the private sphere of society. In the field of political science, totalitarianism is the extreme form of authoritarianism, wherein all socio-political power is held by a dictator. This figure controls the national politics and peoples of the nation with continual propaganda campaigns that are broadcast by state-controlled and state-aligned private mass communications media. The totalitarian government uses ideology to control most aspects of human life, such as the political economy of the country, the system of education, the arts, sciences, and private morality of its citizens. In the exercise of socio-political power, the difference between a totalitarian regime of government and an authoritarian regime of government is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
