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Monoaminergic Activity Enhancer Antagonists
Monoaminergic means "working on monoamine neurotransmitters", which include serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and histamine. A monoaminergic, or monoaminergic drug, is a chemical, which functions to directly modulate the serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and/or histamine neurotransmitter systems in the brain. Monoaminergics include catecholaminergics (which can be further divided into adrenergics and dopaminergics), serotonergics, and histaminergics. Examples of monoaminergic drugs include monoamine precursors, monoamine receptor modulators, monoamine reuptake inhibitors, monoamine releasing agents, and monoamine metabolism modulators such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors. See also * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic * Cannabinoidergic * Cholinergic * Dopaminergic * GABAergic * Glycinergic * Histaminergic * Melatonergic * Opioidergic An opioidergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which directly or indirectly modulate the function of opioid receptors. O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoamine Neurotransmitter
Monoamine neurotransmitters are neurotransmitters and neuromodulators that contain one amino group connected to an aromatic ring by a two-carbon chain (such as -CH2-CH2-). Examples are dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. All monoamines are derived from aromatic amino acids like phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan by the action of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase enzymes. They are deactivated in the body by the enzymes known as monoamine oxidases which clip off the amine group. Monoaminergic systems, i.e., the networks of neurons that use monoamine neurotransmitters, are involved in the regulation of processes such as emotion, arousal, and certain types of memory. It has also been found that monoamine neurotransmitters play an important role in the secretion and production of neurotrophin-3 by astrocytes, a chemical which maintains neuron integrity and provides neurons with trophic support. Drugs used to increase or reduce the effect of monoamine neurotransmitters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoamine Releasing Agent
A monoamine releasing agent (MRA), or simply monoamine releaser, is a drug that induces the release of one or more monoamine neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse, leading to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitters and hence enhanced signaling by those neurotransmitters. The monoamine neurotransmitters include serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine; MRAs can induce the release of one or more of these neurotransmitters. MRAs work by reversing the direction of the monoamine transporters (MATs), including the serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and/or dopamine transporter (DAT), causing them to promote efflux of non-vesicular cytoplasmic monoamine neurotransmitter rather than reuptake of synaptic monoamine neurotransmitter. Many, but not all MRAs, also reverse the direction of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), thereby additionally resulting in efflux of vesicular monoamine neuro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opioidergic
An opioidergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which directly or indirectly modulate the function of opioid receptors. Opioidergics comprise opioids, as well as allosteric modulators and enzyme affecting agents like enkephalinase inhibitors. Allosteric modulators * BMS-986121: μ-PAM * BMS-986122: μ-PAM * BPRMU191: confers agonistic properties to small-molecule morphinan antagonists * Ignavine * Oxytocin: μ-PAM * δ-PAM (see reference) * Cannabidiol * Tetrahydrocannabinol * Sodium (Na+) See also * List of opioids * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic * Cannabinoidergic * Cholinergic * Dopaminergic * GABAergic In molecular biology and physiology, something is GABAergic or GABAnergic if it pertains to or affects the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). For example, a synapse is GABAergic if it uses GABA as its neurotransmitter, and a GABAergic ... * Glycinergic * Histaminergic * Melatonergic * Monoaminergic * Serotonergic References Neurochemistry Neurotran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melatonergic
A melatonergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the melatonin system in the body or brain. Examples include melatonin receptor agonists and melatonin receptor antagonists. See also * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic * Cannabinoidergic * Cholinergic * Dopaminergic * GABAergic In molecular biology and physiology, something is GABAergic or GABAnergic if it pertains to or affects the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). For example, a synapse is GABAergic if it uses GABA as its neurotransmitter, and a GABAergic ... * Glycinergic * Histaminergic * Monoaminergic * Opioidergic * Serotonergic References Neurochemistry {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Histaminergic
Histaminergic means "working on the histamine system", and histaminic means "related to histamine". A histaminergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the histamine system in the body or brain. Examples include histamine receptor agonists and histamine receptor antagonists (or antihistamines). Subdivisions of histamine antagonists include H1 receptor antagonists, H2 receptor antagonists, and H3 receptor antagonists. See also * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic * Cannabinoidergic * Cholinergic * Dopaminergic * GABAergic * Glycinergic * Melatonergic A melatonergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the melatonin system in the body or brain. Examples include melatonin receptor agonists and melatonin receptor antagonists. See also * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic ... * Monoaminergic * Opioidergic * Serotonergic References Neurochemistry Neurotransmitters {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glycinergic
A glycinergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the glycine system in the body or brain. Examples include glycine receptor agonists, glycine receptor antagonists, and glycine reuptake inhibitors. See also * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic * Cannabinoidergic * Cholinergic * Dopaminergic * GABAergic * Histaminergic * Melatonergic A melatonergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the melatonin system in the body or brain. Examples include melatonin receptor agonists and melatonin receptor antagonists. See also * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic ... * Monoaminergic * Opioidergic * Serotonergic References Neurochemistry Neurotransmitters {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GABAergic
In molecular biology and physiology, something is GABAergic or GABAnergic if it pertains to or affects the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). For example, a synapse is GABAergic if it uses GABA as its neurotransmitter, and a GABAergic neuron produces GABA. A substance is GABAergic if it produces its effects via interactions with the GABA system, such as by stimulating or blocking neurotransmission. A GABAergic or GABAnergic agent is any chemical that modifies the effects of GABA in the body or brain. Some different classes of GABAergic drugs include agonists, antagonists, modulators, reuptake inhibitors and enzymes. See also * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic * Cannabinoidergic * Cholinergic * Dopaminergic Dopaminergic means "related to dopamine" (literally, "working on dopamine"), a common neurotransmitter. Dopaminergic substances or actions increase dopamine-related activity in the brain. Dopaminergic pathways, Dopaminergic brain pathways facil ... * Glutamat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dopaminergic
Dopaminergic means "related to dopamine" (literally, "working on dopamine"), a common neurotransmitter. Dopaminergic substances or actions increase dopamine-related activity in the brain. Dopaminergic pathways, Dopaminergic brain pathways facilitate dopamine-related activity. For example, certain proteins such as the dopamine transporter (DAT), vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), and dopamine receptors can be classified as dopaminergic, and neurons that Biosynthesis, synthesize or contain dopamine and synapses with dopamine receptors in them may also be labeled as ''dopaminergic''. Enzymes that regulate the biosynthesis or metabolism of dopamine such as aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase or DOPA decarboxylase, monoamine oxidase (MAO), and catechol-O-methyl transferase, catechol ''O''-methyl transferase (COMT) may be referred to as ''dopaminergic'' as well. Also, any endogenous or exogenous chemical substance that acts to affect dopamine receptors or dopamine release thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cholinergic
Cholinergic agents are compounds which mimic the action of acetylcholine and/or butyrylcholine. In general, the word " choline" describes the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the ''N'',''N'',''N''-trimethylethanolammonium cation. Found in most animal tissues, choline is a primary component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and functions with inositol as a basic constituent of lecithin. Choline also prevents fat deposits in the liver and facilitates the movement of fats into cells. The parasympathetic nervous system, which uses acetylcholine almost exclusively to send its messages, is said to be almost entirely cholinergic. Neuromuscular junctions, preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system, the basal forebrain, and brain stem complexes are also cholinergic, as are the receptor for the merocrine sweat glands. In neuroscience and related fields, the term cholinergic is used in these related contexts: * A substance (or ligand) is cholinergic if ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannabinoidergic
Cannabinoidergic, or cannabinergic, means "working on the endocannabinoid neurotransmitters". As with terms such as dopaminergic and serotonergic, related proteins and cellular components involved in endocannabinoid signaling, such as the cannabinoid (CB1) receptor, as well as exogenous compounds, such as phytocannabinoids or other cannabinoids which modulate the activity of endocannabinoid system, can be described as cannabinoidergic. See also * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic * Cholinergic * Dopaminergic * GABAergic In molecular biology and physiology, something is GABAergic or GABAnergic if it pertains to or affects the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). For example, a synapse is GABAergic if it uses GABA as its neurotransmitter, and a GABAergic ... * Glycinergic * Histaminergic * Melatonergic * Monoaminergic * Opioidergic * Serotonergic References Cannabinoids Neurochemistry {{cannabinoid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adrenergic
Adrenergic means "working on adrenaline (epinephrine) or noradrenaline (norepinephrine)" (or on their receptors). When not further qualified, it is usually used in the sense of enhancing or mimicking the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the body. * Adrenergic nervous system, a part of the autonomic nervous system that uses epinephrine or norepinephrine as its neurotransmitter Regarding proteins: * Adrenergic receptor, a receptor type for epinephrine and norepinephrine; subtypes include α1, α2, β1, β2, and β3 receptors * Adrenergic transporter (norepinephrine transporter), a protein transporting norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft into nerve cells Regarding pharmaceutical drugs: * Adrenergic receptor agonist, a type of drug activating one or more subtypes of adrenergic receptors ** This includes drugs regulating blood pressure and antiasthmatic drugs. * Adrenergic receptor antagonist, a type of drug blocking one or more subtypes of adrenergic receptor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adenosinergic
Adenosinergic means "working on adenosine". An adenosinergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the adenosine system in the body or brain. Examples include adenosine receptor agonists, adenosine receptor antagonists (such as caffeine), and adenosine reuptake inhibitors. See also * Adrenergic * Cannabinoidergic * Cholinergic * Dopaminergic * GABAergic * Glycinergic * Histaminergic * Melatonergic A melatonergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the melatonin system in the body or brain. Examples include melatonin receptor agonists and melatonin receptor antagonists. See also * Adenosinergic * Adrenergic ... * Monoaminergic * Opioidergic * Serotonergic References Neurochemistry Neurotransmitters {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
