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Monkey Wrench
A monkey wrench is a type of smooth-jawed adjustable wrench, a 19th century American refinement of 18th-century English coach wrenches. It was widely used in the 19th and early 20th century. It is of interest as an antique among tool collectors and is still occasionally used in practice. More broadly, a ''monkey wrench'' may be a pipe wrench or any other kind of adjustable wrench. Etymology and history Adjustable coach wrenches for the odd-sized nuts of wagon wheels were manufactured in England and exported to North America in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. They were set either by sliding a wedge, or later by twisting the handle, which turned a screw, narrowing or widening the jaws. In 1840, Loring Coes, a knife manufacturer in Worcester, Massachusetts, invented a screw-based coach wrench design in which the jaw width was set with a spinning ring fixed under the sliding lower jaw, above the handle. This was patented in 1841 and the tools were advertised and sold in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Monkey Wrench Gang
''The Monkey Wrench Gang'' is a novel written by American author Edward Abbey (1927–1989), published in 1975. Abbey's most famous work of fiction, the novel concerns the use of sabotage to protest environmentally damaging activities in the Southwestern United States, and was so influential that the term "monkeywrench," often used as a verb, has come to mean, besides sabotage and damage to machines, any sabotage, activism, law-making, or law-breaking to preserve wilderness, wild spaces and ecosystems. In 1985, Dream Garden Press released a special 10th anniversary edition of the book featuring illustrations by R. Crumb, plus a chapter titled "Seldom Seen at Home" that had been deleted from the original edition. Crumb's illustrations were used for a limited-edition calendar based on the book. The most recent edition was released in 2006 by Harper Perennial Modern Classics. Plot summary The book's four main characters are ecologically minded misfits—"Seldom Seen" Smith, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jack Johnson (boxer)
John Arthur Johnson (March 31, 1878 – June 10, 1946), nicknamed the "Galveston Giant", was an American boxing, boxer who, at the height of the Jim Crow laws, Jim Crow era, became the first black world heavyweight boxing champion (1908–1915). Jack Johnson vs. James J. Jeffries, His 1910 fight against James J. Jeffries was dubbed the "fight of the century".John L. Sullivan, cited in: Christopher James Shelton, Historian for The Boxing Amusement Park, Johnson defeated Jeffries, who was white, triggering Johnson–Jeffries riots, dozens of race riots across the U.S. According to filmmaker Ken Burns, "for more than thirteen years, Jack Johnson was the most famous and the most notorious African American on Earth".Ken Burns, ''Unforgivable Blackness'' He is widely regarded as one of the most influential boxers in history. In 1912, Johnson opened a successful and luxurious "black and tan" (Desegregation in the United States, desegregated) restaurant and nightclub, which in part wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plumber Wrench
A plumber wrench (or plumber's wrench, pipe wrench, Swedish wrench or Swedish pattern wrench) is a form of plier described as a pipe wrench that uses compound leverage to grip and rotate plumbing pipes. Similar to the action of a locking pliers, Vise Grip plier, its jaw opening is adjusted to width by rotating a threaded ring. Its advantage is that it grips with significant force without needing to engage a lock nut like an adjustable Tongue-and-groove pliers, tongue-and-groove plier. Like these, it can also be used on nuts, particularly hex shaped, and other flat engagement points. If used carelessly it can dent or break plumbing pipe. History The plumber wrench was invented in 1888 by the Sweden, Swedish inventor named Johan Petter Johansson. It shares some principles with both the Stillson wrench, Stillson-pattern pipe wrench and the rigid pipe wrench, as well as various forms of adjustable pliers, such as the locking pliers, Vise Grip and "Channelock" tongue-and-groove p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pipe Wrench
A pipe wrench is any of several types of wrench that are designed to turn threaded pipe and pipe fittings for assembly (tightening) or disassembly (loosening). The Stillson wrench, or Stillson-pattern wrench, is the usual form of pipe wrench, especially in the US. The Stillson name is that of the original patent holder, who licensed the design to a number of manufacturers; the patent has since expired. A different type of wrench with compound leverage often used on pipes, the plumber wrench, is also called a "pipe wrench" in some places. Description The Stillson wrench is an adjustable wrench (spanner) with hardened serrated teeth on its jaws. The hard teeth bite into the softer metal of the round pipe and provide the grip needed to turn a pipe, even against fair resistance. The design of the adjustable jaw, which permits a certain amount of intentional play out of square, allows it to bind on the pipe, with forward pressure on the handle pulling the jaws tighter. On some mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Team Fortress 2
''Team Fortress 2'' (''TF2'') is a Multiplayer video game, multiplayer first-person shooter game developed and published by Valve Corporation in 2007. It is the sequel to the 1996 ''Team Fortress'' Mod (video gaming), mod for ''Quake (video game), Quake'' and its 1999 remake, ''Team Fortress Classic''. It was released in October 2007 as part of ''The Orange Box'' for Microsoft Windows and the Xbox 360, and was ported to the PlayStation 3 in December 2007. It was released as a standalone game for Windows in April 2008, and updated to support macOS in June 2010 and Linux in February 2013. It was made free-to-play in June 2011, and is distributed online through Valve's digital retailer, Steam (service), Steam. Players join one of two teams—RED and BLU—and choose one of nine character classes to play as in game modes such as capture the flag and King of the Hill (game), king of the hill. Its development was led by John Cook and Robin Walker (game designer), Robin Walker, the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opposing Force
An opposing force (alternatively enemy force, abbreviated OPFOR or OpFor) is a military unit tasked with representing an enemy, usually for training purposes in war game scenarios. The related concept of aggressor squadron is used by some air forces. At a basic level, a unit might serve as an opposing force for a single scenario, differing from its 'opponents' only in the objectives it is given. However, major armies commonly maintain specialized groups trained to accurately replicate real-life enemies, to provide a more realistic experience for their training opponents. (To avoid the diplomatic ramifications of naming a real nation as a likely enemy, training scenarios often use fictionalized versions with different names but similar military characteristics to the expected real-world foes.) Units Canada The Canadian Armed Forces has OPFOR units from the Canadian Manoeuvre Training Centre. China France In the French Army, a FORAD (, enemy force) is used to train ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valve Software
Valve Corporation, also known as Valve Software, is an American video game developer, publisher, and digital distribution company headquartered in Bellevue, Washington. It is the developer of the software distribution platform Steam and the game franchises ''Half-Life'', ''Counter-Strike'', '' Portal'', ''Day of Defeat'', '' Team Fortress'', ''Left 4 Dead'' and ''Dota''. Valve was founded in 1996 by the former Microsoft employees Gabe Newell and Mike Harrington. Their debut game, the first-person shooter (FPS) ''Half-Life'' (1998), was a critical and commercial success and had a lasting influence on the FPS genre. Harrington left in 2000. In 2003, Valve launched Steam, followed by ''Half-Life 2'' (2004), the episodic sequels '' Half-Life 2: Episode One'' (2006) and '' Episode Two'' (2007), the multiplayer games ''Team Fortress 2'' (2007) and ''Left 4 Dead'' (2008), the puzzle games '' Portal'' (2007) and ''Portal 2'' (2011) and the multiplayer online battle arena game ''Dota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gearbox Software
Gearbox Software, L.L.C is an American video game developer, video game development company based in Frisco, Texas. It was established as a limited liability company in February 1999 by five developers formerly of Rebel Boat Rocker. Randy Pitchford, one of the founders, serves as President (corporate title), president and chief executive officer. Gearbox initially created expansions for the Valve Corporation, Valve game ''Half-Life (series), Half-Life'', then ported that game and others to console platforms. In 2005, Gearbox launched its first independent set of games, ''Brothers in Arms (video game series), Brothers in Arms'', on console and mobile devices. It became their flagship franchise and spun off a comic book series, television documentary, books, and action figures. Their second original game series, ''Borderlands (series), Borderlands'', commenced in 2009, and by 2015 had sold over 26 million copies. The company also owns the intellectual property of ''Duke Nukem'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sabotage
Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening a polity, government, effort, or organization through subversion, obstruction, demoralization (warfare), demoralization, destabilization, divide and rule, division, social disruption, disruption, or destruction. One who engages in sabotage is a ''saboteur''. Saboteurs typically try to conceal their identities because of the consequences of their actions and to avoid invoking legal and organizational requirements for addressing sabotage. Etymology The English word derives from the French word , meaning to "bungle, botch, wreck or sabotage"; it was originally used to refer to labour disputes, in which workers wearing wooden shoes called interrupted production through different means. A false etymology, popular but incorrect account of the origin of the term's present meaning is the story that poor workers in the Belgian city of Liège would throw a wooden into the machines to disrupt production. One of the first appearance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiom
An idiom is a phrase or expression that largely or exclusively carries a Literal and figurative language, figurative or non-literal meaning (linguistic), meaning, rather than making any literal sense. Categorized as formulaic speech, formulaic language, an idiomatic expression's meaning is different from the Literal and figurative language, literal meanings of each word inside it. Idioms occur frequently in all languages. In English language, English alone there are an estimated twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions. Some well known idioms in English are "spill the beans" (meaning "reveal secret information"), "it's raining cats and dogs" (meaning "it's raining intensely"), and "break a leg" (meaning "good luck"). Derivations Many idiomatic expressions were meant literally in their original use, but occasionally the attribution of the literal meaning changed and the phrase itself grew away from its original roots—typically leading to a folk etymology. For instance, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coes Monkey Wrench
Coes is a surname and given name which may refer to: * Coes of Mytilene, 6th century Greek tyrant * Ben Coes (born 1966), American novelist * George H. Coes (1828–1897), American minstrel music performer * Harold V. Coes (1883–1959), American industrial engineer * Loring Coes (1812–1906), American inventor of the monkey wrench, industrialist and politician {{given name, type=both ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adjustable Spanner
An adjustable spanner (UK and most other Anglophone countries), also called a shifting spanner (Australia and New Zealand) or adjustable wrench (US and Canada), is any of various styles of wrench, spanner (wrench) with a movable jaw, allowing it to be used with different sizes of fastener head (nut (hardware), nut, screw, bolt, etc.) rather than just one fastener size, as with a conventional fixed spanner. Forms and names There are many forms of adjustable spanners; many of them are screw thread, screw-adjusted, whereas others use levers, and some early ones used wedges. The early taper-locking spanners needed a hammer to set the movable jaw to the size of the nut. The modern screw-adjusted spanner and lever types are easily and quickly adjusted. Some adjustable spanners automatically adjust to the size of the nut, using a motor and battery. Simpler models use a serrated edge to lock the movable jaw to size, while more sophisticated versions are digital types that use sheets or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
