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Mongkut
Mongkut (18 October 18041 October 1868) was the fourth Monarchy of Thailand, king of Siam from the Chakri dynasty, titled Rama IV. He reigned from 1851 until his death in 1868. The reign of Mongkut was marked by significant modernization initiatives and diplomatic engagements, which played pivotal roles in shaping Thailand's trajectory towards progress and international relations. Siam first felt the pressure of Colonialism, Western expansionism during Mongkut's reign. Mongkut embraced Western innovations and initiated the modernization of his country, both in technology and culture—earning him the nickname "The Father of Science and Technology" in Siam. Mongkut was also known for appointing his younger brother, Prince Chutamani, as Second King, crowned in 1851 as King Pinklao. Mongkut told the country that Pinklao should be respected with equal honor to himself (as King Naresuan had done with his brother Ekathotsarot in 1583). During Mongkut's reign, the power of the House ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)
The Rattanakosin Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of Siam after 1855, refers to the Siamese kingdom between 1782 and 1932. It was founded in 1782 with the History of Bangkok#Rattanakosin, establishment of Rattanakosin (Bangkok), which replaced the city of Thonburi Kingdom, Thonburi as the capital of Siam. This article covers the period until the Siamese revolution of 1932. The kingdom governed based on the Mandala (political model), mandala system. This allows for high-autonomy locally with the kingdom influencing and effectively rule its area of suzerainty. At its zenith in 1805-1812, the Kingdom was composed of Administrative divisions of Thailand#Muang Prathetsarat, 25 polities, ranging from duchies and principalities to federations and kingdoms. With the furthest extent reaching Shan States, the Shan States, southern Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, Laos, Cambodia, northern Si Rat Malai, Malaysia, Sip Song Chau Tai, northwestern Vietnam, and Kawthaung, K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chulalongkorn
Chulalongkorn (20 September 1853 – 23 October 1910), posthumously honoured as King Chulalongkorn the Great, was the fifth king of Siam from the Chakri dynasty, titled Rama V. Chulalongkorn's reign from 1868 until his death in 1910 was characterised by the modernisation of Siam, governmental and social reforms, and territorial concessions to the British and French empires. As Siam was surrounded by European colonies, Chulalongkorn, through his policies and acts, ensured the independence of Siam. Chulalongkorn was born as the son of Mongkut, the fourth king of Siam. In 1868, he travelled with his father and Westerners invited by Mongkut to observe the solar eclipse of 18 August 1868 in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province. However, Chulalongkorn and his father both contracted malaria which resulted in his father's death. The 1893 Franco-Siamese crisis and Haw wars took place during his reign. All his reforms were dedicated to ensuring Siam's independence given the increasing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The King And I
''The King and I'' is the fifth musical by the team of Rodgers and Hammerstein. It is based on Margaret Landon's novel '' Anna and the King of Siam'' (1944), which is in turn derived from the memoirs of Anna Leonowens, governess to the children of King Mongkut of Siam in the early 1860s. The musical's plot relates the experiences of Anna, a British schoolteacher who is hired as part of the King's drive to modernize his country. The relationship between the King and Anna is marked by conflict through much of the piece, as well as by a love to which neither can admit. The musical premiered on March 29, 1951, at Broadway's St. James Theatre. It ran for nearly three years, making it the fourth-longest-running Broadway musical in history at the time, and has had many tours and revivals. In 1950, theatrical attorney Fanny Holtzmann was looking for a part for her client, veteran leading lady Gertrude Lawrence. Holtzmann realized that Landon's book would provide an ideal vehic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chakri Dynasty
The Chakri dynasty is the current reigning dynasty of the Thailand, Kingdom of Thailand. The head of the house is the Monarchy of Thailand, king, who is head of state. The family has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Rattanakosin era and the city of Bangkok in 1782; following the end of Taksin's reign, when the capital of Siam shifted to Bangkok. The royal house was founded by Rama I, an Ayutthaya Kingdom, Ayutthaya military leader of Thai Chinese, Sino-Mon people, Mon descent. Prior to his accession to the throne, Rama I held for years the title Chakri (noble title), Chakri, the civil chancellor. In founding the dynasty, the king himself chose "''Chakri''" as the name for it. The emblem of the house is composed of the discus (Sudarshana Chakra, Chakra) and the trident (Trishula), the celestial weapons of the gods Vishnu and Shiva, of whom the Thai sovereign is seen as an incarnation. The current head of the house is Vajiralongkorn who was proclaimed king on 1 December 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinklao
Pinklao (; 4 September 1808 – 7 January 1866) was the viceroy of Siam. He was the younger brother of Mongkut, King Rama IV, who crowned him as a monarch with equal honor to himself. Early life Prince Chutamani was born on 4 September 1808, as a son of Prince Itsarasunthon and Princess Bunrot at the Phra Racha Wang Derm or Thonburi Palace. Prince Chutamani also had an elder brother—Prince Mongkut—who was seven years older. In 1809, Prince Itsarasunthon was crowned as Rama II and his mother became Queen Sri Suriyendra. They all moved to the Grand Palace. The government of Rama II, however, was dominated by ''Kromma Meun'' Chetsadabodin, his son with Sri Sulalai. In 1824, Mongkut became a monk according to Thai traditions. However, Rama II fell ill and died in the same year. The nobility, led by ''Chao Phraya'' Abhay Pudhorn, the Prime Minister, and Prayurawongse, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, supported Chetsadabodin for the throne as he proved competent to rule. Chetsa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rama III
Nangklao (born Thap; 31 March 1788 – 2 April 1851), also known by his regnal name Rama III, was the third king of Siam from the Chakri dynasty, ruling from 21 July 1824 to 2 April 1851. Nangklao was the eldest surviving son of King Rama II. His mother Sri Sulalai was one of Rama II's secondary wives. Nangklao was likely designated as heir by his father. His accession was uncontested and smoothly confirmed by the grand council. Foreign observers, however, falsely perceived him as having usurped the prior claim of his younger half-brother Prince Mongkut, who was born to Queen Sri Suriyendra and thus " legitimate" according to Western customs. Under the old concept of Thai monarchy, however, a proper king must emulate Maha Sammata in that he must be "elected by the people." Ironically, Mongkut may have later contributed to this misconception, when he feared that his own accession might be perceived by foreign observers as a usurpation. During Nangklao's reign, the military heg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The King And I (1956 Film)
''The King and I'' is a 1956 American musical film made by 20th Century-Fox, directed by Walter Lang and produced by Charles Brackett and Darryl F. Zanuck. The screenplay by Ernest Lehman is based on the 1951 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical '' The King and I'', which is itself based on the 1944 novel '' Anna and the King of Siam'' by Margaret Landon. That novel in turn was based on memoirs written by Anna Leonowens, who became school teacher to the children of King Mongkut of Siam in the early 1860s. Leonowens' stories were autobiographical, although various elements of them have been called into question. The film stars Deborah Kerr and Yul Brynner. The film was a critical and commercial success and was nominated for nine Academy Awards and won five, including Best Actor for Brynner. An animated film adaptation of the same musical was released in 1999. On February 12, 2021, Paramount Pictures and Temple Hill Entertainment announced that another live-action film ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sri Suriyendra
Sri Suriyendra (, , ; 1767–1836) was the queen of Siam, wife of Phutthaloetla Naphalai, who was her cousin, and mother of Mongkut and Pinklao. She was later named, upon the coronation of her son Mongkut, as ''Krom Somdet'' Phra Sri Suriyendramat. Princess Bunrot () was a daughter of Princess Sri Sudarak (เจ้าฟ้ากรมพระศรีสุดารักษ์) (sister of Phutthayotfa Chulalok) and her Chinese husband Ngoen Saetan (). Princess Bunrot lived with her mother in the Grand Palace and grew up with her maternal female cousins, the daughters of Phutthayotfa Chulalok. Princess Bunrot had an affair with her cousin, Prince Rama II, Itsarasunthon, son and heir apparent to King Phutthayotfa Chulalok. In 1801, the King discovered the princess' four-month pregnancy and banished her from the Grand Palace to live with her brother Prince Thepharirak. Prince Itsarasunthon begged Rama I, his father to no avail to return the princess to the palace. The couple ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Debsirindra
Debsirindra (, , ), formerly Ramphoei Phamaraphirom (), born Ramphoei Siriwong (; 17 July 1834 – 9 September 1862), was the second consort of King Mongkut, and mother of King Chulalongkorn. Biography Princess Ramphoei was born in 1834 to Siriwong, Prince Mattayaphithak (son of Rama III and Concubine Sap) and Lady Noi (Mom Noi). She was of Mon descent. When her father died at only 27 years, her grandfather—the king—took her and her sister Phannarai to the Grand Palace and they were said to be his favourite grandchildren. In 1853, Ramphoei married her great-uncle Mongkut (who was 30 years her senior) and was raised to a ''Phra Ong Chao'' (a higher rank of princess). In the same year she gave birth to Prince Chulalongkorn. She later became Queen Ramphoei. She had 4 children with King Mongkut. # Prince Chulalongkorn (), later ''King Chulalongkorn'' (1853–1910) # Princess Chandrmondol / Chanthonmonthon (), later ''the Princess Wisutkrasat'' (1855–1863) # Prince Chatur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phannarai
Phannarai (; 9 May 1838 – 22 June 1914), formerly Princess Chae Siriwong (แฉ่ ศิริวงศ์), was one of the consorts of Mongkut of Siam, fourth King of the Chakri dynasty. Princess Chae Siriwongse was a daughter of Prince Siriwong, the Prince Mattayaphithak (a son of Nangklao) and Lady Kim. Princess Chae and her sister, Princess Ramphoei Siriwong, became the consorts of King Mongkut in 1851 (Princess Ramphoei later became Queen Debsirindra). When her sister died in 1861, she assumed the position as the senior consort of Mongkut. Although she was not elevated to the rank of queen, she ruled over the court ladies and her position as a queen was observed during various banquets for foreign emissaries. The character of Lady Thiang in ''The King and I'' is loosely based on her. Anna Leonowens came to the royal court in 1862 and left in 1867, a period of six years in which she was in charge of Lady Phannarai's children and the other children of King Mongkut. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Bunnag
The Bunnag Family or House of Bunnag (; ) is a Siamese noble family of Mon-Persian descent influential during the late Ayutthaya kingdom and early Rattanakosin period. The family was favored by Chakri monarchs and attained great power, monopolizing high-ranking titles. By the nineteenth century, its power and influence reached its zenith. Three of the four '' Somdet Chao Phraya'' came from the Bunnag family — Dit, styled Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Maha Prayurawongse; his younger brother Tat, styled Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Maha Pichaiyat; the eldest son Chuang, styled Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Sri Suriwongse. They played key roles in government and foreign relations until after the Front Palace crisis. As Chulalongkorn sought to undo the power of the nobility and pursue centralization, the Bunnags gradually withdrew from prominent roles in Siamese politics but continued to fill important official ranks. History Sheikh Ahmad Sheikh Ahmad, a Persian merchant, along with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Palace
The Grand Palace (, Royal Institute of Thailand. (2011). ''How to read and how to write.'' (20th Edition). Bangkok: Royal Institute of Thailand. . ) is a complex of buildings at the heart of Bangkok, Thailand. The palace has been the official royal residence, residence of the Monarchy of Thailand, Kings of Siam (and later Thailand) since 1782. The king, his Court (royal), court, and his royal government were based on the grounds of the palace until 1925. King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX), resided at the Chitralada Royal Villa and his successor King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) resides at the Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall, both in the Dusit Palace, but the Grand Palace is still used for official events. Several royal ceremonies and state functions are held within the walls of the palace every year. The palace is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Thailand, with over eight million people visiting each year. Construction of the palace began on 6 May 1782, at the order o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
