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Mohammed Rahim Khan
Mohammed Rahim Khan (1775–1825), was the second Khan (and fourth ruler) of the Uzbek Kungrat dynasty in the Khanate of Khiva. He reigned from 1806 to 1825. Biography He ascended the throne after the tragic death in battle of his elder brother Eltuzar who had reigned from 1804 to 1806. He himself had managed to escape to Khiva, after the failure of the raid against the Emirate of Bukhara in which Eltuzar drowned in the Amu Darya. Internal policy In order to strengthen and develop the power of the State in a country subjected to anarchy for almost a century, Mohammed Rahim Khan launched a series of important reforms. He founded a High Council to improve administration, reformed taxes and brought order to the customs system. He is the first Kungrat sovereign to mint gold and silver coins. The Khanate previously mainly used the currency of the Emirate of Bukhara. He pursued an economic development policy, in particular by improving and developing the irrigation system. Exter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khongirad
The Khongirad ( Mongolian: ᠬᠣᠩᠭᠢᠷᠠᠳ; Хонгирад; Khonghirad; ), also known as Qongirat (Qoŋğırat/Қоңғырат), was one of the major divisions of the Mongol tribes. Variations on the name include Onggirat, Ongirat, Qongrat, Khungirat,''The Chinese Social and Political Science Review'', Volume 20, pub Chinese Social and Political Science Association, 1937, p494. Kungrad,Central Asia: Foundations of Change'', by R. D. McChesney, pub Darwin Press, 1996, p202. Qunghrãt, Wangjila (王紀剌), Yongjilie (雍吉烈), Qungrat, and Guangjila (廣吉剌) in Chinese sources. Their homeland was located in the vicinity of Lake Hulun in Inner Mongolia and Khalkha River in Mongolia,M. Sanjdorj, History of the Mongolian People's Republic, Volume I, 1966 where they maintained close ties with the ruling dynasties of northern China. Because the various Hongirad clans never united under a single leader, the tribe never rose to great military glory. Their greatest fame c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolay Muravyov-Karsky
Nikolay Muravyov (russian: Николай Николаевич Муравьёв-Карский; 14 July 1794 – 23 October 1866) was an Imperial Russian military officer and General of the Russian Army. A member of the mighty Muravyov family, he distinguished himself during the battle of Warsaw (1831) of the November Uprising The November Uprising (1830–31), also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in the heartland of partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire. The uprising began on 29 November 1830 in W .... He continued to serve in the military and took active part in the fights of the Crimean War. For his role in the Siege of Kars, captured on November 28, 1855 (according to Gregorian calendar), the tsar awarded him with a prestigious title "Karski" ("of Kars"), added to his surname. {{russia-mil-bio-stub 1794 births 1866 deaths Imperial Russian Army generals Russian nobility Russian people of the No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1775 Births
Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress takes various steps toward organizing an American government, appointing George Washington commander-in-chief (June 14), Benjamin Franklin postmaster general (July 26) and creating a Continental Navy (October 13) and a Marine force (November 10) as landing troops for it, but as yet the 13 colonies have not declared independence, and both the British (June 12) and American (July 15) governments make laws. On July 6, Congress issues the Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms and on August 23, King George III of Great Britain declares the American colonies in rebellion, announcing it to Parliament on November 10. On June 17, two months into the colonial siege of Boston, at the Battle of Bunker Hill, just north of Boston, B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khan Of Khiva
The Khanate of Khiva ( chg, ''Khivâ Khânligi'', fa, ''Khânât-e Khiveh'', uz, Xiva xonligi, tk, Hywa hanlygy) was a Central Asian polity that existed in the historical region of Khwarezm in Central Asia from 1511 to 1920, except for a period of Afsharid occupation by Nader Shah between 1740 and 1746. Centred in the irrigated plains of the lower Amu Darya, south of the Aral Sea, with the capital in the city of Khiva, the country was ruled by a Turco-Mongol tribe, the Khongirads, who came from Astrakhan. It covered present western Uzbekistan, southwestern Kazakhstan and much of Turkmenistan before Russian arrival at the second half of the 19th century. In 1873, the Khanate of Khiva was much reduced in size and became a Russian protectorate. The other regional protectorate that lasted until the Revolution was the Emirate of Bukhara. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, Khiva had a revolution too, and in 1920 the Khanate was replaced by the Khorezm People's Soviet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sayyid Muhammad (Khan Of Khiva)
Sayyid Muhammad Khan (1823–1864), was the 10th ruler of the Uzbek Kungrat dynasty in the Khanate of Khiva. He reigned between 1856 and 1864.Nikolay Veselovsky, ''Historical-geographical overview of the Khiva Khanate, St. Petersburg, 1877, p. 244 Biography In 1855, the 7th ruler of Khiva, Muhammad Amin Bahadur Khan, tragically died in a battle against the Turkmen Teke tribe near Serakhs. After his death, power in Khiva passed to his son Abdullah Khan (1855), who, however, also died in the battle against nomadic tribes six months later. Then his brother Kutlugh Murad Khan (1737–1856) ascended the throne but was soon assassinated. In 1856, their great-uncle Sayyid Muhammad Khan, the son of the 4th ruler of Khiva Mohammed Rahim Khan, came to power in the Khiva Khanate, and he was able to restore order in the state and prevent further attacks by the Turkmen nomadic tribes. During his reign, diplomatic relations were maintained with Russia, the Ottoman Empire, Iran, and Afghanista ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allah Kuli Khan
Allah Kuli Bahadur Khan (Uzbek: Olloqulixon; Russian: Аллакули-хан) (c. 1794–1842), was the 5th Khan of the Uzbek Kungrat dynasty in the Khanate of Khiva. He reigned between 1825 and 1842. Biography Allah Kuli (or Quli) ascended the throne in 1825, upon the death of his father Mohammed Rahim Khan. He continued his father's policy of centralization. He put down the rebellion of the Turkmen Saryk tribe in 1828. He also continued the policy of economic recovery of the previous reign and had new canals dug and the irrigation system improved. In 1830–1831, the canal from Khiva to Konye-Urgench was dug. Enemy of the neighboring Shaybanids dynasty of the rich Emirate of Bukhara, he carried out several raids against his neighbor. Likewise, he undertook five expeditions against Khorasan. Allah Kuli strengthened diplomatic ties with the Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire and Afghanistan, established new ties with Great Britain and tried to get closer ties with Persia. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kutlugmurad Inak Madrasah
Kutlugmurad Inak madrasah - an architectural monument in Khiva (1804–1812); it is a part of Itchan Kala. Madrasah was built by Allah Kuli Khan's uncle Kutlugmurad Inak; he was buried under the floor of the miyonsaroy (corridor) according to his will. Description In 1858, 95 students studied at this madrasah. They were taught by 2 akhunds (teachers). In addition, there were positions of mutavwalli (head of the madrasa), imam, muezzin (caller of prayer), janitor who swept it, and barber who cut the hair and beard of the students. There was a large square in front of the madrasah, and there were stalls and a small market nearby. Students who graduated from the madrasa passed the exam. A "special commission" was formed by the Khan for the exam. The commission included sometimes the khan himself, in most cases the crown prince, qazi-kalan of Khiva (chief judge), Qazi-orda (city judge) and several other scholars. Students who passed the exam were given titles such as mufti, a'lam, ak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomb Of Mohammed Rahim Khan At The Pahlavan Mahmoud Mausoleum, Khiva
A tomb ( grc-gre, τύμβος ''tumbos'') is a repository for the remains of the dead. It is generally any structurally enclosed interment space or burial chamber, of varying sizes. Placing a corpse into a tomb can be called ''immurement'', and is a method of final disposition, as an alternative to cremation or burial. Overview The word is used in a broad sense to encompass a number of such types of places of interment or, occasionally, burial, including: * Architectural shrines – in Christianity, an architectural shrine above a saint's first place of burial, as opposed to a similar shrine on which stands a reliquary or feretory into which the saint's remains have been transferred * Burial vault – a stone or brick-lined underground space for multiple burials, originally vaulted, often privately owned for specific family groups; usually beneath a religious building such as a church ** Cemetery ** Churchyard * Catacombs * Chamber tomb * Charnel house * Church monu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahmud Shah Durrani
Mahmud Shah Durrani ( Persian: ; 1769 – 18 April 1829), also known as Shah Mahmud, or Mahmud Shah Abdali, was the ruler of the Durrani Empire between 1801 and 1803, and again between 1809 and 1818. From 1818 to 1829, he was the emir of Herat. An ethnic Sadduzai, a division of the Popalzai clan of the Durrani Pashtuns, he was the son of Timur Shah Durrani and grandson of Ahmad Shah Durrani. Early life Mahmud Shah was born in 1769, second son to Timur Shah Durrani. His mother was an unknown concubine of Yusufzai stock. He was raised with his brothers, most prominently Zaman Shah Durrani and Shah Shuja Durrani. He was appointed emir of Herat by his father at 8 years old. Death of Timur Shah Timur Shah died on 20 May 1793, triggering a succession crisis within the Empire. Mahmud, the powerful Herati emir, allied with his brother Humayun in Kandahar against Zaman Shahzadeh. Who was the late Shah's eldest son and designated successor, who had summoned all rival claimants to Kabul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanate Of Khiva
The Khanate of Khiva ( chg, ''Khivâ Khânligi'', fa, ''Khânât-e Khiveh'', uz, Xiva xonligi, tk, Hywa hanlygy) was a Central Asian polity that existed in the historical region of Khwarezm in Central Asia from 1511 to 1920, except for a period of Afsharid dynasty, Afsharid occupation by Nader Shah between 1740 and 1746. Centred in the irrigated plains of the lower Amu Darya, south of the Aral Sea, with the capital in the city of Khiva, the country was ruled by a Turco-Mongol tradition, Turco-Mongol tribe, the Khongirads, who came from Astrakhan Khanate, Astrakhan. It covered present western Uzbekistan, southwestern Kazakhstan and much of Turkmenistan before Russian conquest of Central Asia, Russian arrival at the second half of the 19th century. In 1873, the Khanate of Khiva was much reduced in size and became a Russian Empire, Russian protectorate. The other regional protectorate that lasted until the Revolution was the Emirate of Bukhara. Following the October Revolu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merv
Merv ( tk, Merw, ', مرو; fa, مرو, ''Marv''), also known as the Merve Oasis, formerly known as Alexandria ( grc-gre, Ἀλεξάνδρεια), Antiochia in Margiana ( grc-gre, Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐν τῇ Μαργιανῇ) and Marw al-Shāhijān, was a major Iranian city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, near today's Mary, Turkmenistan. Human settlements on the site of Merv existed from the 3rd millennium BC until the 18th century AD. It changed hands repeatedly throughout history. Under the Achaemenid Empire, it was the centre of the satrapy of Margiana. It was subsequently ruled by the Ancient Macedonians, Parthians, Sasanians, Arabs, Ghaznavids, Seljuqs, Khwarazmians and Timurids, among others. Merv was the capital city of several polities throughout its history. In the beginning of the 9th century, Merv was the seat of the caliph al-Ma'mun and the capital of the entire Islamic caliphate. It served later as the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syr Darya
The Syr Darya (, ),, , ; rus, Сырдарья́, Syrdarjja, p=sɨrdɐˈrʲja; fa, سيردريا, Sirdaryâ; tg, Сирдарё, Sirdaryo; tr, Seyhun, Siri Derya; ar, سيحون, Seyḥūn; uz, Sirdaryo, script-Latn/. historically known as the Jaxartes (, grc, Ἰαξάρτης), is a river in Central Asia. The name, which is Persian, literally means ''Syr Sea'' or ''Syr River''. It originates in the Tian Shan Mountains in Kyrgyzstan and eastern Uzbekistan and flows for west and north-west through Uzbekistan and southern Kazakhstan to the northern remnants of the Aral Sea. It is the northern and eastern of the two main rivers in the endorheic basin of the Aral Sea, the other being the Amu Darya (Jayhun). In the Soviet era, extensive irrigation projects were constructed around both rivers, diverting their water into farmland and causing, during the post-Soviet era, the virtual disappearance of the Aral Sea, once the world's fourth-largest lake. The point at which the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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