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Modified Atwater
The Atwater system, named after Wilbur Olin Atwater, or derivatives of this system are used for the calculation of the available food energy, energy of foods. The system was developed largely from the experimental studies of Atwater and his colleagues in the later part of the 19th century and the early years of the 20th at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut. Its use has frequently been the cause of dispute, but few alternatives have been proposed. As with the calculation of protein from total nitrogen, the Atwater system is a convention and its limitations can be seen in its derivation. Derivation Available energy (as used by Atwater) is equivalent to the modern usage of the term Metabolisable Energy, metabolisable energy (ME). = \left(\text\right) - \left(\text\right). In most studies on humans, losses in secretions and gases are ignored. The gross energy (GE) of a food, as measured by Calorimeter#Bomb calorimeters, bomb calorimetry is equal to the sum of the Heat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Food And Agriculture Organization
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; . (FAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger and improve nutrition and food security. Its Latin motto, , translates to "let there be bread". It was founded on 16 October 1945. The FAO comprises 195 members, including 194 countries and the European Union. Its headquarters is in Rome, Italy, and it maintains regional and field offices worldwide, operating in over 130 countries. It helps governments and development agencies coordinate their activities to improve and develop agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and land and water resources. It also conducts research, provides technical assistance to projects, operates educational and training programs, and collects agricultural output, production, and development data. The FAO is governed by a biennial conference representing each member country and the European Union, which elects a 49-member executive cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |