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Mlada Bosna
Young Bosnia ( sr-Cyrl-Latn, Млада Босна, Mlada Bosna) refers to a loosely organised grouping of separatist and revolutionary cells active in the early 20th century, that sought to end the Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its members, primarily Bosnian Serbs but also Bosniaks and Bosnian Croats, were driven by various ideologies, prominently Yugoslavism, the unification of South Slavic peoples into a single Yugoslav state. The group drew inspiration from a diverse range of philosophical influences, including German Romanticism, anarchism, and Russian revolutionary socialism. Young Bosnia's activities were influenced by historical events such as the Battle of Kosovo and figures like Fyodor Dostoevsky and Friedrich Nietzsche. The most infamous act associated with Young Bosnia was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914 by Gavrilo Princip, one of its members. Background The 1878 occupation of Bosnia and Her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Organization
A revolutionary movement (or revolutionary social movement) is a specific type of social movement dedicated to carrying out a revolution. Criteria Charles Tilly defines it as "a social movement advancing exclusive competing claims to control of the State (polity), state, or some segment of it". Jeff Goodwin and James M. Jasper define it more simply (and consistently with other works) as "a social movement that seeks, as minimum, to overthrow the government or state". A social movement may want to make various reforms and to gain some control of the state, but as long as they do not aim for an ''exclusive'' control, its members are not revolutionary. Social movements may become more radical and revolutionary, or ''vice versa'' - revolutionary movements can scale down their demands and agree to share powers with others, becoming a run-of-the-mill political party. Goodwin distinguishes between a Reform movement, conservative (reformist) and radical revolutionary movements, depen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Socialism
Revolutionary socialism is a political philosophy, doctrine, and tradition within socialism that stresses the idea that a social revolution is necessary to bring about structural changes in society. More specifically, it is the view that revolution is a necessary precondition for transitioning from a capitalist to a socialist mode of production. Revolution is not necessarily defined as a violent insurrection; it is defined as a seizure of political power by mass movements of the working class so that the state is directly controlled or abolished by the working class as opposed to the capitalist class and its interests. Revolutionary socialists believe such a state of affairs is a precondition for establishing socialism and orthodox Marxists believe it is inevitable but not predetermined. Revolutionary socialism encompasses multiple political and social movements that may define "revolution" differently from one another. These include movements based on orthodox Marxist t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogdan Žerajić
Bogdan Žerajić ( sr-Cyrl, Богдан Жерајић; 1 February 1886 – 15 June 1910) was a Herzegovinian Serb student of the Faculty of Law at the University of Zagreb. In 1910, he attempted to assassinate General Marijan Varešanin, the governor of Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the opening day of the Austro-Hungarian Parliament of Bosnia and Herzegovina since he believed it to be illegal and illegitimate. His attempt was his own initiative as an act of personal revolt against Austro-Hungarian annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Žerajić was the first in Bosnia and Herzegovina to pursue tyrannicide as a method of political struggle. His act had great impact on the youth of Bosnia and Herzegovina, but the official press in Sarajevo and Belgrade generally referred to it as an act of a disturbed lunatic, which was also generally the view of the older generation of Sarajevo Serbs. Secret societies and tyrannicide Žerajić and Špiro Soldo were leaders of the secret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1910 Bosnian Parliamentary Election
Elections for the Diet of Bosnia and Herzegovina were held from 18 May to 28 May 1910. This was the only Bosnian-Herzegovinian election held during Austro-Hungarian rule. 72 Members of parliament (MPs) were elected. There were three major political parties, though two other smaller political parties were elected also. The first vote consisted of landowners, college-educated citizens, priests, active and retired civil servants, and others. The second vote consisted of the population belonging to that of the city, which were artisans, merchants, petty bourgeoisie, etc.. The third and final vote consisted of the rural population. The first vote elected 18 seats of parliament, voted in by 6,866 voters. The second vote elected 20 seats of parliament, voted in by 4,725 voters. And the third vote elected 34 seats of parliament, voted in by 347,573 voters. The number of MPs were determined by religious percentage. Thus, the most populous religion at the time in the area, Eastern Orthodox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diet Of Bosnia
Diet may refer to: Food * Diet (nutrition), the sum of the food consumed by an organism or group * Dieting, the deliberate selection of food to control body weight or nutrient intake ** Diet food, foods that aid in creating a diet for weight loss or gain * Healthy diet, the process of helping to maintain or improve overall health Politics *Diet (assembly), a formal deliberative assembly Current * National Diet, Japan's bicameral legislature, in its current form since 1947, composed of the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors * Landtag, a diet of states and provinces in Germany, Austria, South Tyrol in Italy, and the national parliament of Liechtenstein * Bundestag (''Deutscher Bundestag''), the lower house of Germany's Parliament, was established in West Germany in 1949, and all of Germany in 1990 Historical * Diet of Finland, the legislative assembly of the Grand Duchy of Finland from 1809 to 1906 * Diet of Hungary, the legislative assembly of the Kingdom of Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austro-Hungarian Annexation Of Bosnia
The Bosnian Crisis, also known as the Annexation Crisis (, ; sh-Latn-Cyrl, Aneksiona kriza, Анексиона криза) or the First Balkan Crisis, erupted on 5 October 1908 when Austria-Hungary announced the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, territories formerly within the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire but under Austro-Hungarian administration since 1878. This unilateral actiontimed to coincide with Bulgaria's declaration of independence from the Ottoman Empire on 5 Octobersparked protestations from all the Great Powers and Austria-Hungary's Balkan neighbors, Serbia and Montenegro. In April 1909, the Treaty of Berlin was amended to reflect the ''fait accompli'' and bring the crisis to an end. Although the crisis ended with what appeared to be a total Austro-Hungarian diplomatic victory, it permanently damaged relations between Austria-Hungary and its neighbors, especially Serbia, Italy and Russia, and in the long term helped lay the grounds for World War I. Aust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
May Overthrow
The May Coup () was a coup d'état in the Kingdom of Serbia which resulted in the assassination of Alexander I of Serbia, King Alexander I and his Queen consort, consort, Draga Mašin, Queen Draga, inside the Stari dvor, Stari Dvor in Belgrade on the night of . This act resulted in the extinction of the Obrenović dynasty that had ruled Serbia since the middle of the 19th century. A group of Royal Serbian Army Officer (armed forces), officers led by Captain (armed forces), Captain Dragutin Dimitrijević, Dragutin Dimitrijević (Apis) organized the assassination. After the May Coup, the throne passed to Peter I of Serbia, King Peter I of the Karađorđević dynasty. Along with the royal couple, the conspirators killed Prime Minister of Serbia, prime minister Dimitrije Cincar-Marković, minister of the army , and General-Adjutant, general-adjutant Lazar Petrović. The coup had a significant influence on Serbia's relations with other European powers; the Obrenović dynasty had most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Serb Youth
The United Serb Youth (), also known as ''Omladina'' ("the Youth"), was a diverse progressive Serbian political, cultural and national movement active between 1866 and 1872 among Prečani Serbs in Austria-Hungary as well as among Serbs in the Principality of Serbia itself. It was founded on the initiative of Vienna based Zora association at the congress of 16 youth organizations which took place in Novi Sad (at the time center of Serbian culture) between 15 and 18 August 1866. Alongside promotion of Serb emancipation and liberation the movement was also expressly pan-Slavist advocating primarily for South Slavic cooperation. Numerous future prominent Serbian writera who participated in the group's work included among others Laza Kostić and Jovan Jovanović Zmaj. Its slogan was "Srpstvo sve i svuda" ( Serbdom all and everywhere). Two of its most prominent factions were liberal wing whose leader was Vladimir Jovanović and revolutionary wing with Svetozar Marković. The group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupation Of Bosnia And Herzegovina By Austria-Hungary
The campaign to establish Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina lasted from 29 July to 20 October 1878 against the local resistance fighters, Muslims and orthodox Serbs, supported unofficially by troops of the Ottoman Empire. The Austro-Hungarian Army entered the country in two large movements: one from the north into Bosnia, and another from the south into Herzegovina. A series of battles in August culminated in the fall of Sarajevo on the 19 August after a day of street-to-street fighting. In the hilly countryside a guerrilla campaign continued until the last rebel stronghold fell after their leader was captured. Background Following the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, the Congress of Berlin was organized by the new German Empire for the Great Powers, on demand of the British Empire. By article 25 of the resulting Treaty of Berlin (13 July 1878), Bosnia and Herzegovina remained under the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire, but the Austro-Hungarian Empire was gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assassination Of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was one of the key events that led to World War I. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir presumptive to the Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, were Assassination, assassinated on 28 June 1914 by Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnian Serb student Gavrilo Princip. They were shot at close range while being driven through Sarajevo, the provincial capital of Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina, formally Bosnian Crisis, annexed by Austria-Hungary in 1908. Princip was part of a group of six Bosnian assassins together with Muhamed Mehmedbašić, Vaso Čubrilović, Nedeljko Čabrinović, Cvjetko Popović and Trifko Grabež coordinated by Danilo Ilić; all but one were Bosnian Serbs and members of a student revolutionary group that later became known as Young Bosnia. The political objective of the assassination was to free Bosnia and Herzegovina of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
