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Mkwawa
Chief Mkwavinyika Munyigumba Mwamuyinga (c. 1855 – 19 July 1898), more commonly known as Chief Mkwawa or Sultan Mkwawa, was a Hehe tribal leader in German East Africa, based in Kalenga, Iringa region, who opposed the German colonization. The name "Mkwawa" is derived from ''Mukwava'', a shortened form of ''Mukwavinyika'', meaning "conqueror of many lands". As a young child he was named Ndesalasi, meaning "troublemaker". As an adult he was named Mtwa Mkwava Mkwavinyika Mahinya Yilimwiganga Mkali Kuvagosi Kuvadala Tage Matenengo Manwiwage Seguniwagula Gumganga, meaning: "A leader who takes control of the forests, who is aggressive to men and polite to women, who is unpredictable and unbeatable, and who has the power that it is only death who can take him away." Life Mkwawa was born in Luhota and was the son and successor of Sultan Munyigumba, who died in 1879. In July 1891, the German commissioner Emil von Zelewski led a battalion of soldiers (320 askaris with officers and por ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wahehe
The Hehe ( Swahili collective: Wahehe) is a Bantu ethnolinguistic group based in Iringa Region in south-central Tanzania, speaking the Bantu Hehe language. In 2006, the Hehe population was estimated at 805,000, up from the just over 250,000 recorded in the 1957 census, when they were the eighth largest ethnic group in Tanganyika. There were an additional 4,023 of them in Uganda in 2014. Historically, they are famous for vanquishing a German colonial expedition at Lugalo on 17 August 1891 and maintaining their resistance for seven years thereafter under the leadership of their chief Mkwawa... Etymology The use of ''Wahehe'' as the group's designator can be traced to their war cry, and was originally employed by their adversaries. The Wahehe themselves adopted it only after the Germans and British applied it consistently, but by then the term had acquired connotations of prestige. History "Of scientific literature on British East Africa", remarked John Walter Gregory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hehe People
The Hehe (Swahili language, Swahili collective: Wahehe) is a Bantu ethnolinguistic group based in Iringa Region in south-central Tanzania, speaking the Bantu Hehe language. In 2006, the Hehe population was estimated at 805,000, up from the just over 250,000 recorded in the 1957 census, when they were the eighth largest ethnic group in Tanganyika. There were an additional 4,023 of them in Uganda in 2014. Historically, they are famous for vanquishing a German colonial expedition at Lugalo on 17 August 1891 and maintaining their resistance for seven years thereafter under the leadership of their chief Chief Mkwawa, Mkwawa... Etymology The use of ''Wahehe'' as the group's designator can be traced to their war cry, and was originally employed by their adversaries. The Wahehe themselves adopted it only after the Germans and British applied it consistently, but by then the term had acquired connotations of prestige. History "Of scientific literature on British East Africa", ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tom Von Prince
Tom von Prince (9 January 1866 – 4 November 1914) was a Germans, German military officer and plantation owner in German East Africa. He most notably, as a captain in the Schutztruppe, led the first action by German forces in East Africa during World War I by seizing Taveta, Kenya, Taveta on 15 August 1914, and was then killed in November at the Battle of Tanga. Early life He was born on 9 January 1866, at Port Louis, Mauritius, son of Thomas Prince, police superintendent of the British Mauritius, British island colony of Mauritius and Mary Luisa Ansorge, who had been born in Bengal to German missionaries. His father died at Mauritius in 1869 and his mother died there in 1879. After he was orphaned, Prince's maternal grandparents took him to Germany, where he was enrolled at the Königliche Ritterakademie at Liegnitz (now Legnica in Poland). He continued his education at the Kassel Military Academy (''Kadettenanstalt Kassel''), where he was a classmate of his future superior Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalenga
Kalenga is an administrative ward in the Iringa Rural district of the Iringa Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics reported its population to be 7,286, up from 6,963 in 2012. Kalenga, which is situated along the side-lines of the Great Ruaha River The Great Ruaha River is a river in south-central Tanzania that flows through the Usangu wetlands and the Ruaha National Park east into the Rufiji River. It traverses and marks the borders between Iringa Region, Dodoma Region and Morogoro Region. ..., is one among the historical villages of "Iringa". It is known for being the residence of the famous Chief Mtwa Mkwawa of the Hehe tribe, who resisted German colonization. Mkwawa fortified the village with a wall 4 meters high and 5 kilometers in circumference.Description of German commander von Scheele, according to John Iliffe, A Modern History of Tanganyika, Cambridge University Press, , page 112 The town was stormed by a German force in 1894, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mlambalasi Rock Shelter
The Mlambalasi Rock Shelter is a historic site located in Iringa District of Iringa Region in southern Tanzania, 50 km away from Iringa City. Excavations in 2006 and 2010 by the Iringa Region Archaeological Project uncovered artifactual deposits from the Later Stone Age (LSA), the Iron Age, and the historic periods, as well as external artifacts from the Middle Stone Age (MSA). Direct dating on Achatina shell and ostrich eggshell beads indicates that the oldest human burials at Mlambalasi (and thus the earliest occupation levels) are from the terminal Pleistocene. Mlambalasi is characterized by interment in the LSA and Iron Age periods, as well as by cycles of use and abandonment. A main rock shelter and two additional chambers comprise the Mlambalasi archaeological site. The main rock shelter is situated on the incline of a large granitic outcrop, and is divided into two connected rooms: Room 1, measuring 12x8 m, and Room 2, measuring 4x4m. Room 1 has a high roof, and entra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emil Von Zelewski
Emil von Zelewski (13 March 1854 – 17 August 1891) was a German military officer who served as commander of the Schutztruppe in German East Africa. He led German forces against an uprising by the Hehe people, and was killed at the Battle of Lugalo. Early years Emil von Zelewski was born in Bendargau in the Pomeranian district of Neustadt. He joined the Prussian Army and served in the 99th Infantry Regiment at Posen in 1881. Service in the German East Africa Company In 1886 he retired from the Imperial German Army as a first lieutenant and entered the service of the German East Africa Company (GEAC). In August 1888 he was sent to the city of Pangani, which belonged to the Sultanate of Zanzibar, as a representative of the company. During the meeting, Zelewski's imperious behavior became a trigger for the uprising of the East African coastal population against the GEAC. The company had concluded a coastal and customs treaty with the Sultan in 1887. In return for an annual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Von Schele
Friedrich Rabod Freiherr von Schele (15 September 1847 – 20 July 1904) was a German military officer and colonial administrator who served as governor of German East Africa from 1893 to 1895. Early life and career Friedrich was born in Berlin to Werner Von Schele (1814-1869) and Marie Eichhorn (1822-1861). He joined the officer corps of the Prussian Army in 1865 and was commissioned as a second lieutenant. Von Schele first saw combat during the Austro-Prussian War as an officer in the cavalry. During the Franco-Prussian War, von Schele was appointed Deputy Adjutant of the 2nd Guards Cavalry Brigade, and served as an orderly officer to Prince Albert of Prussia. In 1877, von Schele was promoted to Rittmeister of the 2nd Hanoverian Dragoons. By 1891, von Schele had attained the rank of major and was appointed head of the cavalry department in the Ministry of War. Colonial service In 1892, von Schele was promoted to colonel, and was assigned commander of the ''Schutztruppe' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iringa
Iringa is a city in Tanzania with a population of 202,490 () and situated at a latitude of 7.77°S and longitude of 35.69°E. The name is derived from the Hehe language, Hehe word ''lilinga'', meaning fort. Iringa is the administrative capital of Iringa Region. Iringa Municipal Council is the administrative designation of the Municipality of Iringa. Iringa has been one of the coldest regions in Tanzania due to its geographical location but that has attracted a lot of tourists from colder regions abroad especially Western Europe. Iringa also hosts one of Africa’s largest national parks the Ruaha National Park. Geography The town stretches along a hilltop overlooking the Little Ruaha River to the south, and spreads along ridges and valleys to the north. Iringa is in the Udzungwa Mountains, and the altitude of the town's environs is more than above sea level. The months of June, July, and August can see low temperatures near freezing. The Tanzam Highway passes through the vall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German East Africa
German East Africa (GEA; ) was a German colonial empire, German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Portuguese Mozambique, Mozambique. GEA's area was , which was nearly three times the area of present-day Germany and almost double the area of metropolitan Germany at the time. The colony was organised when the German military was asked in the late 1880s to put down a revolt against the activities of the German East Africa Company. It ended with German Empire, Imperial Germany's defeat in World War I. Ultimately the territory was divided amongst Britain, Belgium and Portugal, and was reorganised as a League of Nations mandate, mandate of the League of Nations. History Like other colonial powers, the Germans expanded their empire in the Africa Great Lakes region, ostensibly to explore the region's rich resources and its people. Unlike other imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maji Maji Rebellion
The Maji Maji Rebellion (, ) was an armed rebellion of Africans against German colonial rule in German East Africa (modern-day Tanzania). The war was triggered by German colonial policies designed to force the indigenous population to grow cotton for export. The war lasted from 1905 to 1907, during which 75,000 to 300,000 died, overwhelmingly from famine. The end of the war was followed by a period of famine, known as the Great Hunger (''ukame''), caused in large part by the scorched-earth policies used by governor von Götzen to suppress the rebellion. These tactics have been described by scholars as genocidal. The name may have been the origin of the term for the 'Mau Mau rebellion' in Kenya five decades later. Causes After the Scramble for Africa among the major European powers in the 1880s, Germany reinforced its hold on several formal African colonies. These were German East Africa (Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, and part of Mozambique), German Southwest Africa (present-day N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lugalo
Lugalo is a village in Tanzania near Iringa which in 1891 was the site of a battle in which a German colonial military force under Emil von Zelewski was decisively defeated and almost annihilated by the Hehe army of Chief Mkwawa. This was the first major defeat for the German Schutztruppe and the beginning of the Hehe wars. A German monument marks the site next to the modern TANZAM highway. See also *German East Africa German East Africa (GEA; ) was a German colonial empire, German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Portugu ... References Populated places in Iringa Region Villages in Tanzania {{Iringa-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Twining, Baron Twining
Edward Francis Twining, Baron Twining (29 June 1899 – 21 June 1967), known as Sir Edward Twining from 1949 to 1958, was a British diplomat, formerly Governor of North Borneo and Governor of Tanganyika. He was a member of the Twining tea family. In 1960 he published a book titled ''A History of the Crown Jewels of Europe''; at over 700 pages it is probably the most extensive book on the subject. Early and personal life Twining was born in 1899 in Westminster to William Henry Greaves Twining, vicar of St Stephen's, Rochester Row, London and his wife, Agatha Georgina, fourth daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Bourne. His brother Stephan Twining became the managing director of the tea merchants, Twinings. He was a Provost scholar to Lancing before training at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He married Helen Mary, daughter of Arthur Edmund Du Buisson, in 1928 and they had two sons. Army and wartime service He served in Dublin with the Worcestershire Regiment be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
