Miḥna

picture info	Miḥna The Mihna () was a period of religious persecution instituted by the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun in 833 in which Sunni scholars were punished, imprisoned, or even killed unless they conformed to Mu'tazilite doctrine. The policy lasted for eighteen years (833–851) as it continued through the reigns of al-Ma'mun's immediate successors, al-Mu'tasim and al-Wathiq, and four years of al-Mutawakkil who reversed it in 851. The abolition of Mihna is significant both as the end of the Abbasid Caliph's pretension to decide matters of religious orthodoxy, and as one of the few instances of religious persecution among fellow Muslims in Medieval Islam. Under al-Ma'mun In 827, the caliph al-Ma’mun issued the proclamation of the doctrine of Quranic createdness. The proclamation was followed by the institution of the Mihna six years later, approximately four months before his sudden death in 833. The Mihna continued under his successors, al-Mu’tasim and al-Wathiq, before al-Mutawakkil abolishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Quranic Createdness In Islamic theology, ''createdness of the Qurʾān'' (خلق القرآن, kḫalq al-qurʾān) is the doctrinal position that the Quran was created rather than having always existed and thus being "uncreated." One of the main areas of debate in aqida (Muslim theology) was the divine attribute of kalam (lit. word, speech) revealing itself through waḥy "revelation". Kalam is a counterpart to 'aql (Greek logos, "word," and thus "reason"). If the ʿaql/logos was part of God's essence or nature, then the Qur'an must therefore not be created. On the other hand, the Qur'an is written in Arabic (human speech) in the Arabic script, neither of which is eternal. The dispute over which position was factual became a significant point of contention in early Islam. The rationalist philosophical school known as the Mu'tazilites held that if the Quran is God's word, then logically, God "must have preceded his own speech". The Mu'tazilites and the Jahmites negated all the attributes of Go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Mihna Map The Mihna () was a period of religious persecution instituted by the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun in 833 in which Sunni scholars were punished, imprisoned, or even killed unless they conformed to Mu'tazilite doctrine. The policy lasted for eighteen years (833–851) as it continued through the reigns of al-Ma'mun's immediate successors, al-Mu'tasim and al-Wathiq, and four years of al-Mutawakkil who reversed it in 851. The abolition of Mihna is significant both as the end of the Abbasid Caliph's pretension to decide matters of religious orthodoxy, and as one of the few instances of religious persecution among fellow Muslims in Medieval Islam. Under al-Ma'mun In 827, the caliph al-Ma’mun issued the proclamation of the doctrine of Quranic createdness. The proclamation was followed by the institution of the Mihna six years later, approximately four months before his sudden death in 833. The Mihna continued under his successors, al-Mu’tasim and al-Wathiq, before al-Mutawakkil abolishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Ahmad Ibn Hanbal Ahmad ibn Hanbal (; (164-241 AH; 780 – 855 CE) was an Arab Muslim scholar, jurist, theologian, traditionist, ascetic and eponym of the Hanbali school of Islamic jurisprudence—one of the four major orthodox legal schools of Sunni Islam. The most highly influential and active scholar during his lifetime, Ibn Hanbal went on to become "one of the most venerated" intellectual figures in Islamic history, who has had a "profound influence affecting almost every area" of the traditionalist perspective within Sunni Islam. One of the foremost classical proponents of relying on scriptural sources as the basis for Sunni Islamic law and way of life, Ibn Hanbal compiled one of the most significant Sunni hadith collections, '' al-Musnad'', which has continued to exercise considerable influence on the field of hadith studies up to the present time. Having studied jurisprudence and hadith under many teachers during his youth, Ibn Hanbal became famous in his later life for the crucial rol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Quran The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which consist of individual verses ('). Besides its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic literature, and has significantly influenced the Arabic, Arabic language. It is the object of a modern field of academic research known as Quranic studies. Muslims believe the Quran was orally revealed by God to the final Islamic Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad through the Angel#Islam, angel Gabriel#Islam, Gabriel incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning on the Night of Power, Laylat al-Qadr, when Muhammad was 40, and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as Muhammad's most important Islamic view of miracles, miracle, a proof of his prophet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	840s In The Abbasid Caliphate 84 may refer to: * 84 (number) * one of the years 84 BC, AD 84, 1984, AD 2084 * The international calling code for Vietnam * 84 Lumber, a building materials supply company * Eighty Four, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated census-designated place in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States * Seksendört, a Turkish pop group whose name means 84 * 84 Klio, a minor planet part of the Asteroid belt See also * * List of highways numbered All lists of highways beginning with a number. {{List of highways numbered index Lists of transport lists ... {{Numberdis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	830s In The Abbasid Caliphate 83 may refer to: * 83 (number) * one of the years 83 BC, AD 83, 1983, 2083 In contemporary history, the third millennium is the current millennium in the ''Anno Domini'' or Common Era, under the Gregorian calendar. It began on 1 January 2001 ( MMI) and will end on 31 December 3000 ( MMM), spanning the 21st to 30th ... * 83 (film), ''83'' (film), a 2021 Indian Hindi film. * "83", a song by John Mayer on his 2001 album ''Room for Squares'' * ''83'', a combined-arms tactical first-person shooter game, Rising Storm 2: Vietnam#Successor, successor to ''Rising Storm 2: Vietnam'' * 83 Beatrix, a main-belt asteroid See also * * List of highways numbered {{Numberdis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]